scholarly journals Age, growth, maturity, longevity and natural mortality of the shortfin mako shark (Isurus oxyrinchus) in New Zealand waters

2006 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 143 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. H. Bishop ◽  
M. P. Francis ◽  
C. Duffy ◽  
J. C. Montgomery
Keyword(s):  
Fork Length ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Birth Date ◽  
First Year ◽  
Natural Mortality ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Mako Shark ◽  
Shortfin Mako ◽  
Males And Females

Shortfin mako sharks were aged by counting growth bands in sectioned vertebrae (n = 256), and assuming annual band-pair deposition. No systematic ageing bias was present and count precision was high. 0+ juveniles were identified from length–frequency plots and assigned ages based on a theoretical birth date of 1 October and their date of capture. A Schnute generalised growth model fitted to the combined vertebral and 0+ data described the growth patterns best. Shortfin makos grow very rapidly initially, increasing by ~39 cm fork length in their first year. Thereafter, males and females grow at similar but slower rates until about age 7 years, after which the relative growth of males declines. Longevity estimates were 29 and 28 years for males and females respectively. Natural mortality (M) is probably in the range of 0.10–0.15. Median ages at maturity were 7–9 years for males and 19–21 years for females. Comparisons of growth curves reported here and elsewhere suggest no regional differences in growth rates. The shortfin mako is a late-maturing species with moderate longevity and low natural mortality. With these life history characteristics and an unknown stock size and structure worldwide, management should be of a precautionary nature.

Age Determination in the Dingo and Crossbreeds.

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
PC Catling ◽  
LK Corbett ◽  
M Westcott
Keyword(s):  
Age Estimation ◽  
Canis Familiaris ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Birth Date ◽  
Eye Lens ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Confidence Limits ◽  
Regular Body

Growth curves were derived for captive known-age dingoes, Canis familiaris dingo, and their crosses with similarly sized domestic dogs, C. f. familiaris. Regular body measurements including weight and dried eye-lens weights were used. Age calibration curves and confidence limits were then produced to enable age estimation of animals of unknown birth date. Head length was the better predictor of age up to about 120 days, and eye-lens weight to about 500 days. The only difference in growth patterns in dingoes and crossbreeds from central and southern Australia was between sexes.

Adaptive Variation in Swimbladder Length and Volume in Dace, Genus Rhinichthys

1972 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Gee
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Control ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Fork Length ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
The Other ◽  
Adaptive Variation ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Additional Hypothesis ◽  
Ecological Information ◽  
Negative Buoyancy

Relative growth in length and volume of swimbladder is described in four species of dace, genus Rhinichthys. Swimbladder volume varied widely in R. atratulus, R. cataractae, and R. osculus as they adjusted buoyancy by altering swimbladder volume, but variability was less in R. falcatus whose range was overlapped by the other three species. A variety of relative growth patterns in swimbladder length was found due mainly to the presence or absence of an inflection which, when present, varied at fork length of occurrence. Where ecological information was known, the length at occurrence of inflection corresponded to a change in environment occupied, from still to current. In the laboratory, R. atratulus and R. cataractae adjusted swimbladder volume to compensate for different water velocities. All age-groups of the former attained a greater buoyancy than the latter, while R. cataractae reached a lower negative buoyancy. Young R. cataractae made greater adjustments of swimbladder volume than older fish; the reverse occurred with R. atratulus. These adjustments resulted in a significant change in swimbladder length independent of age, except for R. cataractae from Lake Winnipeg which had very short swimbladders. The hypothesis that occurrence of the inflection in swimbladder length was caused by the shift from a still to current environment, resulting in a decrease in swimbladder volume and length was accepted for R. atratulus, but rejected for R. cataractae. An additional hypothesis based on environmental control is proposed.

Growth of Grey Kangaroos and the Reliability of Age Determination from Body Measurements II.* The Western Grey Kangaroos, Macropus fuliginosus fuliginosus, M. f. melanops and M. f. ocydromus

1982 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
WE Poole ◽  
SM Carpenter ◽  
JT Wood
Keyword(s):  
Growth Curve ◽  
Young Animal ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Birth Date ◽  
First Year ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Grey Kangaroo ◽  
Pass Through

Seven body measurements were taken at regular intervals throughout life from both male and female western grey kangaroos of known birth date. For each sex of three subspecies and for each body measurement a growth curve was fitted, and confidence intervals calculated for determining the age of new animals. As with eastern grey kangaroos, a phase change in the growth curve was apparent at the time when the young vacate the pouch. Join points in the curve for each subspecies of western grey kangaroos were estimated empirically, as three-quarters through the interval between first emergence and final vacation of the pouch by a young animal. The growth curves were represented by a four-parameter non-linear model consisting of two hyperbolas constrained to pass through the common point. Tables presented contrast the ages at which percentile growth values are attained for each subspecies, and also provide examples of the determination of age from body measurements for both males and females, at monthly intervals during their first year. As found for the eastern grey kangaroo, head length proved to be the most reliable criterion, and all measurements of animals older than 2 years were unreliable for age determination.

Breeding Biology and Current Status of the Grey Kangaroo, Macropus Fulginosus Fulginosus, of Kangaroo Island, South Australia.

1976 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 169 ◽  
Author(s):  
WE Poole
Keyword(s):  
South Australia ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Current Status ◽  
First Year ◽  
Grey Kangaroo ◽  
Western Grey Kangaroo ◽  
Early Exploration ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Sexually Mature ◽  
Length Of Gestation

A distinct large dark brown kangaroo first attracted the attention of Europeans during the early exploration of Kangaroo I. in 1802-03. Although specimens were collected and the kangaroo ade- quately described, its subsequent taxonomic history was confused, and its origin long held to be Tasmania. This fallacy was not corrected until 1923-24. Subsequently the kangaroo has been re- cognized as a subspecies of the western grey kangaroo. Reproduction and growth of the young were examined in both wild and captive kangaroos. Males and females became sexually mature from age 20 months, the oestrous cycle was 34.6+ 3.2 (SD) days and the length of gestation 30.8 � 1.8 days. Births occurred on all months of the year but were more frequent in summer. The pouch life was just over 300 days, while loss of such young usually resulted in return to oestrus after an interval of 6.3 � 0.1 days. Disparity in sex ratio of the young was not significant. During their first year, young were measured each week. Growth curves are presented and linear or quadratic regressions fitted where applicable, together with 95% confidence limits.

scholarly journals Breeding, growth and exploitation of Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii Castelnau, 1855 in the Caqueta River, Colombia

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 637-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Agudelo Córdoba ◽  
Ángela Viviana Joven León ◽  
César Augusto Bonilla-Castillo ◽  
Miguel Petrere Junior ◽  
Marlón Peláez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History Traits ◽  
First Year ◽  
Natural Mortality ◽  
Fishing Mortality ◽  
Peruvian Amazon ◽  
Length Frequency ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Difference ◽  
First Time ◽  
Mortality Estimates

The main life history traits of the large Amazonian migratory catfish Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii were determined in the Caqueta River, Colombia. The breeding season occurred during the rising and falling water periods. The size at first sexual maturity was significantly larger for females (88.5 cm Ls) than males (81.7 cm). Both males and females reproduce for the first time between their third and fourth year. The growth characteristics were estimated using length frequency analyses. Females grew systematically larger than males, the difference being about 9% after the first year and increasing to 12% for ten years old individuals. Mortality estimates, calculated from different models, some taking into account the effect of body size, ranged from 0.32 to 0.42 year-1 for natural mortality and from 0.72 to 0.82 year-1 for fishing mortality, indicating high fishing pressure in the Caqueta River, higher than in the Peruvian Amazon. Resulting exploitation rates (0.63 to 0.72) pointed towards overexploitation of the species in the Caqueta. The situation calls for a concerted management between the countries sharing this resource (Brazil, Colombia, and Peru) and potential solutions are proposed.

Growth and spatiotemporal distribution of juvenile shortfin mako (Isurus oxyrinchus) in the western and central North Pacific

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 1176 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kai ◽  
K. Shiozaki ◽  
S. Ohshimo ◽  
K. Yokawa
Keyword(s):  
North Pacific ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
North Pacific Ocean ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Growth Function ◽  
Gaussian Mixture ◽  
Isurus Oxyrinchus ◽  
Shortfin Mako ◽  
Central North Pacific

This paper presents an estimation of growth curves and spatiotemporal distributions of juvenile shortfin mako shark (Isurus oxyrinchus) in the western and central North Pacific Ocean using port sampling data collected from 2005 to 2013. The monthly length compositions show a clear transition of three modes in the size range of smaller than 150-cm precaudal length (PCL), which were believed to represent the growth of age-0 to age-2 classes, and they were then decomposed into age groups by fitting a Gaussian mixture distribution. Simulation data of lengths at monthly ages were generated from the mean and standard deviation of each distribution, and fit with a von Bertalanffy growth function. Parameters of the estimated growth curves for males and females were 274.4 and 239.4cm PCL for the asymptotic length and 0.19 and 0.25 year–1 for the growth coefficient indicating apparently faster growth than previously reported. Generalised linear models were applied to age-0 to explore the seasonal changes of PCL by area. They were born during late autumn and winter off the coast of north-eastern Japan, an area known to have relatively high productivity compared with other pelagic areas, and gradually expanded their habitat eastward and northward with the seasons as they grew.

scholarly journals Age and growth of franciscana dolphins, Pontoporia blainvillei (Cetacea: Pontoporiidae) incidentally caught off southern Brazil and northern Argentina

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (8) ◽  
pp. 1493-1500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvina Botta ◽  
Eduardo R. Secchi ◽  
Mônica M.C. Muelbert ◽  
Daniel Danilewicz ◽  
Maria Fernanda Negri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Models ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Buenos Aires Province ◽  
Von Bertalanffy ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Pontoporia Blainvillei

Age and length data of 291 franciscana dolphins (Pontoporia blainvillei) incidentally captured on the coast of Rio Grande do Sul State (RS), southern Brazil, were used to fit growth curves using Gompertz and Von Bertalanffy growth models. A small sample of franciscanas (N = 35) from Buenos Aires Province (BA), Argentina, were used to see if there are apparent growth differences between the populations. Male and female franciscana samples from both areas were primarily (78–85%) <4 years of age. The Von Bertalanffy growth model with a data set that excluded animals <1 year of age provided the best fit to data. Based on this model, dolphins from the RS population reached asymptotic length at 136.0 cm and 158.4 cm, for males and females, respectively. No remarkable differences were observed in the growth trajectories of males and females between the RS and BA populations.

Length–Weight Relationship for Pomfret

1972 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 1079-1081
Author(s):  
J. I. Manzer
Keyword(s):  
Size Range ◽  
Fork Length ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Gulf Of Alaska ◽  
Single Equation ◽  
Covariance Analysis ◽  
Allometric Equations ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Weight Relationship ◽  
Males And Females

The length–weight relationship for 298 pomfret (Brama japonica) ranging in fork length from 30 to 49 cm, and caught in 1956 and 1957 in the Gulf of Alaska by gillnets varying in mesh size from [Formula: see text] (63 mm) to [Formula: see text] inches (133 mm) was examined. Covariance analysis of the data indicated that within years the length–weight relationship did not differ between males and females; and, on the average, both males and females of a particular length were significantly heavier in 1956 than in 1957. Allometric equations for each year based on data for sexes combined are considered more appropriate than a single equation based on pooled data. The equations relating weight in kilograms to length in centimeters, for 1956 and 1957, respectively, are[Formula: see text]and apply to the lower third of the known size range for pomfret in the Gulf of Alaska.

PATTERNS OF GROWTH IN HEIGHT AND WEIGHT FROM BIRTH TO EIGHTEEN YEARS OF AGE

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 904-921
Author(s):  
Robert B. Reed ◽  
Harold C. Stuart
Keyword(s):  
Growth Curves ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Individual Growth ◽  
Growth Spurt ◽  
Adolescent Growth Spurt ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Basic Facts ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Rates Of Growth ◽  
Mature Size

In this report is displayed the range of variation observed in the growth curves of height and weight in a series of 134 children observed from birth to 18 years. For purposes of simplification the individuals have been classified on the basis of their rates of growth during three successive 6-year intervals. Even in terms of this crude classification several basic facts about individual growth patterns of height and weight are apparent. The wide range of differences between individuals applies not only to facts about size at specific ages but also to the pattern of change followed from age period to age period. The rate of growth during early childhood, i.e. before 6 years of age, is associated with, but not specifically predictive of, size at maturity and timing of the adolescent growth spurt. Individuals with rapid growth before 6 years of age tend to have large mature size and early adolescent growth spurt. It will be the objective of future reports from this research project to determine the manner in which the individual differences in growth demonstrated and classified here are related to aspects of physical development, to environmental influences such as dietary intake and to the level of health of the child.

scholarly journals Growth curve of Atlantoscia floridana (van Name) (Crustacea, Isopoda, Philosciidae) from a Brazilian Restinga Forest

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Beatriz Araujo ◽  
Georgina Bond-Buckup
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Curve ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Differential Growth ◽  
Estimate Life Expectancy ◽  
Males And Females

The terrestrial isopod Atlantoscia floridana (van Name, 1940) occurs from the U.S.A. (Florida) to Brazil and Argentina. In the southernmost Brazilian State, Rio Grande do Sul, the species is recorded in many localities, in urban and in non-urban areas. The growth curve of Atlantoscia floridana based on field data is presented. The specimens were sampled from April, 2000 to October, 2001 at the Reserva Biológica do Lami (RBL), Rio Grande do Sul. Captured individuals were sexed and had their cephalothorax width measured, with the data analyzed with von Bertalanffy's model. The growth curves for males and females are described, respectively, by the equations: Wt = 1.303 [1 - e-0.00941 (t + 50.37)] and Wt = 1.682 [1 - e-0.00575 (t + 59.13)]. The curves showed differential growth between sexes, where females reach a higher Wµ with a slower growth rate. Based on the growth curves it was also possible to estimate life expectancy for males and females.

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