Comparison of life histories of two deep-water sharks from eastern Australia: the piked spurdog and the Philippine spurdog

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 1546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandra L. Rigby ◽  
Ross K. Daley ◽  
Colin A. Simpfendorfer
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
New South ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
History Of ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Species Specific

Deep-water sharks have low biological productivity and are vulnerable to exploitation with species-specific regional life history required to enable effective management. The present study describes the life history of two squalids collected from Australia: (1) the piked spurdog (Squalus megalops) from the tropical Great Barrier Reef; and (2) the Philippine spurdog (S. montalbani) from New South Wales. Maximum observed ages for males and females were 18 and 25 years for S. megalops and 28 and 27 years for S. montalbani. Multiple growth models were all well supported and indicated very slow growth rates for both species. The tropical S. megalops population was smaller and older at maturity than previously reported temperate populations. Males were mature at 352-mm stretched total length (LST) and 12.6 years, whereas females were mature at 422mm LST and 19.1 years. Squalus montalbani males were mature at 700mm LST and 21.8 years, whereas females were mature at 800mm LST and 26 years. Fecundity was lower for S. megalops than S. montalbani with two to three compared with nine to 16 embryos. Both species have a conservative life history, although in the event of overfishing the longer-lived, later-maturing and deeper-dwelling S. montalbani is likely to take longer to recover than S. megalops.

Larval distribution and abundance of blue and spotted warehous (Seriolella brama and S. punctata: Centrolophidae) in south-eastern Australia

2001 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 631 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. D. Bruce ◽  
F. J. Neira ◽  
R. W. Bradford
Keyword(s):  
Life Histories ◽  
New South ◽  
South Australia ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Larval Distribution ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Spawning Areas ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
South Eastern Australia

The early life histories of the commercially important blue and spotted warehous (Seriolella brama and S. punctata) were examined on the basis of archived ichthyoplankton samples collected over broad areas of southern Australia. Larvae of both species were widely distributed during winter and spring within shelf and slope waters. Larvae of S. brama were recorded from Kangaroo Island, South Australia (SA), to southern New South Wales (NSW). Seriolella punctata larvae were recorded from western Tasmania to southern NSW. Back-calculated spawning dates, based on otolith microstructure, indicated that spawning predominantly occurs during late July and August but that the timing of spawning varies between regions. The abundances of small larvae (<5. 0 mm body length) were highest for both species off western Tasmania and southern NSW. No small S. brama larvae were recorded between southern Tasmania and southern NSW, whereas low but consistent numbers of small S. punctata larvae were found between these regions. The data suggest that there are separate spawning areas for S. brama in western and eastern regions of Australia’s South East Fishery. The pattern for S. punctata is less clear, but suggests a more continuous link among populations in south-eastern Australia.

1080 aerial baiting for the control of wild dogs and its impact on spotted-tailed quoll (Dasyurus maculatus) populations in eastern Australia

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Körtner
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
New South ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Fresh Meat ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
History Of ◽  
A Site ◽  
Wild Dogs ◽  
Test Result

To further investigate the non-target impact of baiting using sodium monofluoroacetate (compound 1080) to control wild dogs, a population of radio-collared spotted-tailed quolls was subject to an experimental aerial baiting exercise. The trial was conducted at a site on the New England Tablelands, New South Wales, without a recent history of that practice. Sixteen quolls were trapped and radio-collared before baiting. Fresh meat baits were delivered from a helicopter at a rate of 10–40 baits km–1. In addition to 1080 (4.2 mg), each bait contained the bait marker rhodamine B (50 mg), which becomes incorporated into growing hair if an animal survives bait consumption. Two quoll mortalities were recorded following aerial baiting. Both quolls died 3–5 weeks after baiting when baits, on average, retained little 1080. None of the carcasses contained traces of 1080, but the test result is less reliable for the quoll that was found 19 days after its death although tissue was well preserved because of the cool weather. Nevertheless, given that this animal died 34 days after bait delivery, it appears likely that none of the radio-collared quolls succumbed to baiting. In contrast, vibrissae samples collected from 19 quolls captured after the baiting showed that 68% had eaten baits and survived. Furthermore, multiple bait takes were common, with up to six baits consumed by one female. The results demonstrate that most, if not all, quolls survived the baiting trial, including those that consumed dog baits. Hence bait consumption figures per se are not indicative of mortality rates attributable to poisoning.

Life history characteristics of two Australian honeyeaters (Meliphagidae)

2000 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh A. Ford ◽  
Steve Trémont
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Breeding Success ◽  
Cooperative Breeding ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
New South ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Annual Productivity ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Breeding Seasons ◽  
Australian Passerines

Most endemic Australian passerines that have been studied display long breeding seasons, multiple nesting attempts, small clutches, low annual productivity, high longevity and a high incidence of cooperative breeding. We compare the life histories of two large endemic honeyeaters (Meliphagidae) near Armidale, New South Wales. Red wattlebirds, Anthochaera carunculata, have a long breeding season, with many nesting attempts and clutches of two eggs, similar to other honeyeaters whose breeding biology has been studied. Noisy friarbirds, Philemon corniculatus, which are spring and summer visitors to the study area, have shorter breeding seasons, usually making one attempt and have a modal clutch size of three. Both species had incubation and nestling periods of about 16 days. Friarbirds apparently have a laying interval of 24 hours, the same as other honeyeaters, but unlike some other endemic passerines, which have laying intervals of 48 hours. Breeding success did not differ between the species, with young fledging from 32.7% of wattlebird nests and 40.9% of friarbird nests. The reproductive strategy of the noisy friarbird thus differs quantitatively from the apparent norm for other honeyeaters and many other Australian endemic passerines.

Modern Trends in Human Reproductive Physiology

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 805-805
Author(s):  
CLEMENT A. SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Reproductive Physiology ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Human Reproductive ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University

For the pediatrician curious enough to pursue the life history of his patient into its prenatal phase or the obstetrician interested in more than one of his two patients, this small book will be of great usefulness. Of the twenty-one chapters, twelve are by Australian or New Zealand workers, the Editor, a Professor of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at the University of New South Wales, among them. The international flavor is augmented by Swedish, German, and Scottish contributors.

Taxonomy and Aspects of the Life History of Australian Beachworms (Polychaeta : Onuphidae)

1979 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 265 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Paxton
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Electrophoretic Mobility ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Glucosephosphate Isomerase ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Polymorphic Species ◽  
History Of

Australian beachworms, recognized by specialists as one species Onuphis teres (Ehlers 1868), and by fishermen as a number of forms, were studied to determine whether more than one species was involved. Monthly sampling at a study site (Narrabeen, New South Wales) and collections from other localities were undertaken to study the morphology of beachworms, electrophoretic mobility of glucosephosphate isomerase and aspects of their life history. Three forms of beachworms-slimy, stumpy and kingworm-occur at the study site. Stumpies were found to be young kingworms, while slimy represents a separate species. The two species belong to Americonuphis Orensanz, 1974; the name is preoccupied and is replaced with Australonuphis. The holotype of A. teres is a kingworm and the closely related slimy is described as A. Parateres, sp. nov. Four other forms of beachworms were collected from northern New South Wales and Queensland: stripey, giant, wiry and white-headed wiry. These forms are referred to Onuphis. Stripey and giant are morphologically distinct and are described as O. taeniata, sp. nov., and O. gygis, sp. nov., respectively. Wiry and white-headed wiry belong to a polymorphic species described as O, mariahirsuta, sp. nov.

New Terrestrial Amphipods (Amphipoda:Talitridae) From Australian Forests.

1982 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 461 ◽  
Author(s):  
JA Friend
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
New Species ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
New Genera ◽  
South West ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
History Of

Descriptions of two new genera including five new species of Australian landhoppers are presented. Two new species are recorded from south-west Western Australia (Austrotroides pectinalis and A. occidentalis) and one each from the Adelaide area (A. crenatus), southern Victoria (Agilestia hyperocha) and southern Queensland-northern New South Wales (A. hylaea). Notes on the life history of Austrotoides crenatus are provided.

Taxonomic position of two crimson-spotted rainbowfish, Melanotaenia duboulayi and Melanotaenia fluviatilis (Pisces : Melanotaeniidae), from eastern Australia, with special reference to their early life-history stages

1986 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 385 ◽  
Author(s):  
LELM Crowley ◽  
W Ivantsoff ◽  
GR Allen
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
New South ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
Life History Stages ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Melanotaenia Duboulayi

In recent literature, the crimson-spotted rainbowfish from eastern Australia, M. fluviatilis, is recognized as a single species or subspecies. The present paper includes a study of early life-history stages, which shows that two species are represented: M. duboulayi (Castelnau) from eastern or coastal drainage systems of northern New South Wales and southern Queensland, and M. fluviatilis (Castelnau) of the inland Murray-Darling system.

Systematics of the Xanthosia pilosa complex (Apiaceae: Hydrocotyloideae)

2000 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 245
Author(s):  
J. M. Hart ◽  
M. J. Henwood
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
New South ◽  
Inflorescence Morphology ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Polymorphic Species ◽  
History Of ◽  
Range Of Variation

Xanthosia pilosa Rudge is a common shrub found ineastern Australia. The species complex displays a wide range of variation inleaf and inflorescence morphology which has resulted in the application ofnumerous species names and its informal division into numerous variants in New South Wales. As part of a revision of the genus, the history of the speciescomplex is reviewed and the morphology of the numerous variants, examined bothin the field and herbarium, is discussed.Xanthosia pilosa sens. lat. is here divided into fourspecies: two new species (X. scopulicola J.M.Hart & Henwood and X. stellataJ.M.Hart & Henwood) are described and illustrated, a substitute name(X. ternifolia J.M.Hart & Henwood) is providedfor the illegitimate X. tasmanica Gand., andX. pilosa s.s., which remains a polymorphic species inwhich further segregation of variants is not recommended. A key toXanthosia species in eastern Australia is provided.

A review of the current status of the Polydora-complex (Polychaeta: Spionidae) in Australia and a checklist of recorded species

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2751 (1) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
LEXIE M WALKER
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
New South ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Complex Species ◽  
Ecological Information ◽  
South Wales ◽  
History Of ◽  
Saccostrea Glomerata ◽  
Aquaculture Facilities ◽  
Made In

In 1885 Australia’s first recorded marine pest, a mudworm of the Polydora-complex (Spionidae), was identified on Hunter River, New South Wales, oysters (Saccostrea glomerata Gould, 1850). Mudworm is still a serious pest of cultured molluscs in Australia but, although of great concern to many, relatively little progress has been made in resolving the problem. One hundred and thirty years later the identity and life history of this pest remains unclear. The longevity of this problem in Australia is largely due to unaddressed issues of basic taxonomy. This review addresses these issues by presenting the information currently available on the Polydora-complex species in Australia, including taxonomy; history of discovery in the natural environment and in commercial aquaculture facilities; and ecological information. An updated checklist of Polydora-complex species from Australia is also included. It is hoped that by being explicit about the knowledge gaps and problems they can be addressed, ultimately providing a solid taxonomic background for further research into the Polydora-complex species and resolution of the mudworm problem in Australia.

Life history of Bathyraja trachura from the eastern Bering Sea, with evidence of latitudinal variation in a deep-sea skate species

2013 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 411-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan V. Winton ◽  
Lisa J. Natanson ◽  
Jeff Kneebone ◽  
Gregor M. Cailliet ◽  
David A. Ebert
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Bering Sea ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
Vertebral Centra ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Eastern Bering Sea ◽  
History Of ◽  
Males And Females

Although many skates possess life history characteristics that may make them vulnerable to exploitation, the detailed biological information needed to enact effective management schemes is lacking for most species. The objectives of this study were to provide age, growth, and maturity estimates for the roughtail skate, Bathyraja trachura, from the eastern Bering Sea. Maximum age was estimated at 36 yr based on band pair counts in vertebral centra. Of the four growth models applied, the logistic model provided the best description of growth (asymptotic total length = 911 mm; growth coefficient = 0.131 yr−1). There was no evidence of difference in growth between males and females. Females attained maturity at larger sizes and older ages than males. The median size-at-maturity was estimated at 741 mm total length (TL) for males and 796 mm TL for females; median age-at-maturity was estimated at 21.1 yr and 24.7 yr for males and females, respectively. The results of this study may indicate a latitudinal pattern in size and growth, with individuals from the eastern Bering Sea growing more slowly and reaching higher maximum ages than previously reported for specimens collected off the western coast of the continental United States.

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