First records of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and metals in sediments from a shallow lake in the Pampean–Patagonian region (Argentina)

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 1378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana L. Oliva ◽  
Noelia S. La Colla ◽  
Andrés H. Arias ◽  
Sandra E. Botté ◽  
Gerardo M. E. Perillo ◽  
...  

This study evaluated, for the first time, organic and metal contaminants in sediments from Argentinean saline lakes, specifically La Salada shallow lake, a small polymictic lake on the south border of the Pampean region. The concentration of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and 8 metals (Cd, Cu, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) was assessed and the ecotoxicological effects of these pollutants were examined. The total concentration of the 16 PAHs ranged from 12.55 to 10679.48ngg–1 dry weight, with a predominance of four-ringed PAHs. Molecular ratio analysis showed pyrolytic sources as the main source of PAHs. Among the metals, Mn, Fe and Zn had the highest concentrations in sediments. General metal levels revealed a multiplicity of point sources and rock weathering as their main source. Regarding the potential ecotoxicological effects, adverse effects may be expected from PAHs because several compounds exceeded the sediment quality guidelines threshold effect level and likely effect level. Conversely, metal levels were below levels specified in safety guidelines. These results are interpreted in an international context, providing information that addresses a gap in the pollution record of Argentinean lakes, and should have strong implications for future planning management.

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-266
Author(s):  
Ghafour Nourian ◽  
Neamat Jaafarzadeh Haghighi Fard ◽  
Abdul Rahim Pazira ◽  
Esmaeil Kohgardi

Background: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are stable and highly toxic environmental pollutants, which are produced mainly through combustion processes. The present study aimed to identify and determine PAHs compounds and their ecotoxicological effects in surface sediments of 20 stations in Bushehr province (Assaluyeh, Kangan, Khark, Emam Hasan, and Bushehr areas). Methods: All sediment samples (0-5 cm) were collected from 20 sites of Persian Gulf costs (Bushehr province, Iran). The concentration of PAHs was determined by HPLC. Then, in order to identify the sources of PAHs, ƩLPAHs/ƩHPAHs, IP/ (IP+BP), PH/AN, and AN/(PH+AN) ratios were obtained. Sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) and sediment quality criteria (SQC) were used to measure the PAHs ecotoxicological effects in sediments. Results: Based on PAHs isomeric ratios, the contaminants of sediments originated from pyrogenic resources. ƩPAHs values (ng/g dw) in sediment samples ranged from ND to 49180. The toxic equivalent concentration (TEQ car) of PAHs raged from ND-7999 ngTEQ/g. Based on SQGs and SQC, the concentrations of ƩPAHs compounds in 10% and 6% of the sampling stations exceeded effects range median (ERM) and frequent effect level (FEL), respectively, indicating negative ecological risk effects. Conclusion: Sampling stations sediments must be routinely checked for PAHs because may lead to a negative effect on the marine ecosystem, organisms, and humans.


2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Dhananjayan ◽  
S. Muralidharan ◽  
Vinny R. Peter

This study investigated the occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water and sediment samples collected along the harbour line, Mumbai, India. The ∑PAHs quantified in water and sediment samples were ranged from 8.66 ng/L to 46.74 ng/L and from 2608 ng/g to 134134 ng/g dry wt., respectively. Significantly high concentration of ∑PAHs was found in water samples of Sewri and sediment samples of Mahul (P<0.05). PAH concentrations detected in the present study were several folds higher than the existing sediment quality criteria suggested by various statutory agencies. The PAH composition patterns in water and sediments suggest the dominance of high molecular weight compounds and indicate important pyrolytic and petrogenic sources. The occurrence of PAHs in the marine environment has attracted the attention of the scientific community as these compounds are frequently detected in seawater and sediments at increasing levels and can have adverse health effects on marine organisms and humans. PAH concentrations detected at Sewri-Mahul site were sufficiently high to pose a risk to marine organisms if they are exposed continuously to this concentration. Hence, continuous monitoring of the ecosystem is highly warranted.


2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
Deny Yogaswara ◽  
Ita Wulandari ◽  
Khozanah Khozanah ◽  
Edward Edward ◽  
Dede Falahudin

ABSTRACTBintan Island is the small island in the Riau Archipelago which borders Singapore and Malaysia. Its water is crossed by international shipping lines. Therefore, water quality in this area is potentially polluted by marine activities. The present study aimed to evaluate the concentration, spatial distribution, and assessment of ecological risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface sediments from selected coastal water of Bintan. Surface sediments in this study were extracted by using the ultrasonic system and determined with GCMS. The data were visualized with ArGIS software for spatial distribution mapping, applied ratio diagnostic methods for the source of PAH contamination, and assess their ecological risk based on sediment quality guidelines. The results showed PAHs concentrations ranged from below the method detection limit (<DL) to 13.492 ng.g−1(dry weight) with the highest concentration of PAHs were detected at TJU 1 station as much as 13.492 ng.g-1. As many as seven types of PAHs were identified in Bintan water, they were Naphthalene (two rings), Fluorene and Anthracene (three rings); fluoranthene, Pyrene, Benzo (a) Pyrene and Chrysene (five rings). Based on diagnostic ratios, the sources of PAHs in this coastal area were mainly from pyrogenic origins. Ecological risk assessment has shown that the average value of ∑10 PAH in Bintan waters (5.855 ng.g-1) is lower than the corresponding ERL, ERM, TEL, and PEL value indicating that the adverse biological effects of PAHs are generally low.Keywords: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), Distribution, Pollution, Bintan WatersABSTRAKPulau Bintan merupakan pulau kecil di Kepulauan Riau yang berbatasan langsung dengan negara Singapura dan Malaysia serta perairannya dilintasi oleh jalur pelayaran internasional sehingga potensi pencemaran dari aktivitas di laut sangat tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur konsentrasi, distribusi spasial, sumber asal pencemaran dan analisis resiko lingkungan senyawa PAH dalam sedimen permukaan di perairan pesisir Pulau Bintan. Sedimen permukaan diekstraksi dengan sistem ultrasonik dan dianalisa akhir dengan GCMS. Data senyawa PAH diolah dengan software ArGIS untuk membuat peta distribusi spasial, dianalisa dengan metode diagnosa rasio untuk mengetahui sumber pencemarnya dan dibandingkan dengan nilai baku mutu sedimen untuk mengkaji resiko ekologinya. Hasil analisis di setiap stasiun sampling di Muara Pengudang dan Tanjung Uban menunjukkan konsentrasi Total PAH (TPAH) berkisar antara < limit deteksi alat (1 ngg-1) sampai 13,492 ng.g-1 berat kering dengan konsentrasi tertinggi terdeteksi di stasiun TJU 1 yaitu sebesar 13,492 ng.g-1.  Sebanyak tujuh jenis senyawa PAH teridentifikasi di perairan Bintan ini diantaranya Naphthalene, (dua cincin benzene), Fluorene dan Anthracene (tiga cincin benzene); Fluoranthene, Pyrene, Benzo (a) Pyrene, dan Chrysene (empat cincin benzene). Berdasarkan analisa diagnosa rasio, sumber pencemaran PAH di perairan pesisir Bintan adalah berasal dari kombinasi antara sumber pirogenik. Analisis resiko lingkungan menunjukkan nilai rata-rata ∑10 PAH di perairan Bintan (5,855 ngg-1) masih rendah dibandingkan nilai ERL, ERM, TEL dan PEL, hal tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa efek biologis senyawa PAH secara umum rendah.Kata kunci: Polisiklik Aromatik Hidrokarbon (PAH), Sebaran, Pencemaran, Perairan Bintan


2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 165-174
Author(s):  
P.-H. Chou ◽  
S. Matsui

Studies concerning the contamination and pollution sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Yodo River System, Japan, are summarized in this review. Mutagenicity and genotoxicity have been frequently detected in the tributary rivers of Yodo River, and novel contaminants such as phenylbenzotriazole type mutagens, nitrated PAHs, and heterocyclic amines have been suggested to be the causative agents. The contribution of nonsubstituted PAHs to the toxicity is considered to be low since only few ng/l of phenanthrene, fluoranthene, and pyrene have been found in the river waters. The application of an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) dependent bioassay in evaluating the combined toxicity caused by various pollutants in environmental samples is also introduced. Point and non-point sources of pollution discharging into the Lake Biwa-Yodo River System, including treated sewage effluents and deposited road particles, have been investigated using the AhR-dependent reporter gene assay. The results suggested the presence of newly identified AhR ligands such as anthraquinone dyes or unidentified AhR ligands in the treated sewage effluents and the road particles, respectively. Finally, toxic effects of PAHs that are mediated via AhR binding are also summarized.


Author(s):  
Paolo Montuori ◽  
Elvira De Rosa ◽  
Fabiana Di Duca ◽  
Donatella Paola Provvisiero ◽  
Pasquale Sarnacchiaro ◽  
...  

This study reports the data on the contamination caused by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) drained from the Volturno River. The seasonal and spatial distribution of PAHs in water and sediment samples was assessed. The 16 PAHs were determined in the water dissolved phase (DP), suspended particulate matter (SPM), and sediments. A multidimensional statistical approach was used to identify three pollution composite indicators. Contaminant discharges of PAHs into the sea were calculated in about 3158.2 kg/year. Total concentrations of PAHs varied in ranges 434.8 to 872.1 ng g−1 and 256.7 to 1686.3 ng L−1 in sediment samples and in water (DP + SPM), respectively. The statistical results indicated that the PAHs mainly had a pyrolytic source. Considering the sediment quality guidelines (SQGs), the water environmental quality standards (USEPA EQS), and risk quotient (RQ), the Volturno River would be considered as an area in which the environmental integrity is possibly at risk.


2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica S. Jovetić ◽  
Azra S. Redžepović ◽  
Nebojša M. Nedić ◽  
Denis Vojt ◽  
Slađana Z. Đurđić ◽  
...  

AbstractTo contribute to the development of urban beekeeping, we designed this study to obtain more information about the contamination of urban bee products with toxic metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and pesticides. The samples of honey (N=23), pollen (N=13), and floral nectar (N=6) were collected from the experimental stationary apiary of the Belgrade University Faculty of Agriculture located in centre of Zemun (a municipality of the Belgrade metropolitan area) in 2015 and 2016. Metals (Pb, Cd, As, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Ni, Cr, and Hg) were determined with inductively coupled plasma quadrupole mass spectrometry (ICP-QMS). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analysed with high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD). Pesticides were analysed with gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The honey samples were generally within the European and Serbian regulatory limits. The levels of all the 123 analysed pesticides were below the limit of quantification (LOQ). Regarding PAH levels in honey, the highest content was found for naphthalene. The elevated levels of Hg and Cr and of PAHs in the pollen samples indicated air pollution. Pesticide residues in pollen, however, were below the LOQ. In nectar, metal levels were relatively similar to those in honey. Our results suggest that the investigated urban honey meets the regulatory requirements for metals, PAHs, and pesticides and is therefore safe for consumption.


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