Why transforming biodiversity conservation conflict is essential and how to begin.

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Nils Peterson ◽  
Markus J Peterson ◽  
Tarla Rai Peterson ◽  
Kirsten Leong
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Wildlife Management ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Commitment To Change ◽  
Value Differences ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Wildlife Conflict ◽  
Human Conflict ◽  
Conservation Conflict ◽  
Human Wildlife Conflict

Conserving biodiversity requires productive management of conflict. Currently, wildlife are often portrayed as conscious human antagonists, which must be fought. We suggest using the ‘comic corrective’ to experiment with ways to reframe human–human conflicts over wildlife management and wildlife damage. This requires a deep commitment to change, often made more palatable through humour. This effort to fight the use of the term human–wildlife conflict should not be interpreted as a call to reject human–human conflict as a useful conservation tool. Conservationists, who value wildlife, often misleadingly suggest that conservation can sidestep irreducible value differences and political processes that see proponents of different views as antagonists. Because democracies cannot function without dissent, we suggest that conservation biologists should embrace stakeholder conflicts over wildlife conservation as a way to improve decision making. In particular, we should challenge the view that wildlife are willfully antagonistic to people while recognizing conflict among humans over how biodiversity conservation should occur.

scholarly journals An Assessment of Municipal Capacity for Human-Wildlife Conflict Management in Selected Urban Areas of Southern Ontario

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Anee Kalt
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Management ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Media Analysis ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Wildlife Conflict ◽  
Human Conflict ◽  
Human Wildlife Conflict

Recently many Canadian municipalities have begun to experiment with urban naturalization programs. Consequently, many urban environments are now inhabited by a much larger wildlife population than they were several decades ago. The more species present in the city, the greater the potential for human-wildlife interaction and/or conflict. Current municipal capacity for human-wildlife conflict management is generally insufficient to deal with growing problems. New solutions for human-wildlife conflict are needed. Using selected municipalities in southern Ontario as an example, this thesis research explores the development and application of principles for wildlife-human conflict management in urban areas. A literature review, media analysis and interviews with key municipal stakeholders were used to identify best management practices. Recommendations for the development of integrated nuisance management (INM) systems are proposed based on study findings.

scholarly journals Assessment Of Human-Wildlife Conflict And Its Implication For Conservation at sundarpur, Udayapur, Eastern Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-30
Author(s):  
Chandramani Aryal ◽  
Manoj Pokharel
Keyword(s):  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Household Surveys ◽  
Crop Raiding ◽  
Wildlife Conflict ◽  
Wildlife Species ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Sloth Bear ◽  
Human Wildlife Conflict ◽  
Direct Observation Method

This study was carried out to document the prevailing situation of human-wildlife conflict in Sundarpur of Udayapur district, Nepal where significant numbers of sloth bear along with other troublesome wildlife species occur. Data about conflict and people's perception towards wildlife conservation was collected using household surveys supplemented by key informant interviews and direct observation method. Monkeys (93%) and elephants (86%) were found to be major animals involved in conflict mostly resulting into crop raiding, which was the major form of conflict as reported by (95%) of respondents. Livestock depredation cases were mostly by common leopard (84%) and sloth bear was involved in majority of human attack cases (90%). According to respondents, the trend of conflict was found to be increasing for elephants (63%) and monkeys (73%) while it was found to be decreasing for sloth bear (64%), wild boar (85%), and leopard (46%), where people believed natural attraction of wildlife towards crops/livestock to be the major driving factor of conflict. Despite the prevalence of conflict most of the respondents showed positive attitude towards wildlife conservation in Sundarpur. This implies a better future for wildlife conservation in this area if the issues associated with human-wildlife conflict are addressed effectively.

scholarly journals Assessment of Human-Wildlife Conflict and the Attitude of Local Communities to Wild Animal Conservation around Borena Sayint National Park, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Salahadin Merkebu ◽  
Dereje Yazezew
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Papio Hamadryas ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Wildlife Conflict ◽  
The Status ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Human Wildlife Conflict

Human-wildlife conflict (HWC) has increased globally because of an increase in the human population, particularly in developing countries. This study was conducted to investigate the status of HWC and the attitude of local communities to wildlife conservation around Borena Sayint National Park, Northeastern Ethiopia. Data were collected between September 2017 and May 2018 using a face-to-face questionnaire survey (230), focus group discussions (7), and direct observation on the crop foraging. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and the responses were compared using a nonparametric Pearson chi-square test. The majority of respondents (70%) reported the existence of HWC manifested because of the damage received to their assets (both crop and livestock). Canis aureus, Panthera pardus, Crocuta crocuta, and Papio hamadryas were stated as livestock depredators. Gelada, rabbit, porcupine, klipspringer, bushbuck, and duiker were considered as the major crop raiders. Over half (57.83%) of the respondents had a positive attitude, while others (36.09%) had a negative attitude towards the conservation of wildlife due to frequently faced problems. Respondents in different villages differed significantly (χ2 = 27.385, DF = 12, P < 0.05 ) in their attitude towards wildlife. Possible mitigation actions need to be undertaken to reduce the wildlife damage such that wildlife can sustainably be managed in the park.

scholarly journals Study on comparative assessment of human tolerance towards wildlife in coimbatore district (karamadai, thondamuthur & periyanaickenpalayam), tamil nadu

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-49
Author(s):  
Arshath Iqram S ◽  
Gayathri A ◽  
Rajeshkumar S
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Tolerance Level ◽  
Wildlife Conflict ◽  
The People ◽  
Coimbatore District ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Human Conflict ◽  
Human Wildlife Conflict

Human Wildlife conflict is an emerged problem in wildlife today. Our study deals with assessing the tolerance level of human towards wildlife by taking some parts of Coimbatore like Karamdai,Thondamuthur and Periyanaickenpalayam as study area. These are areas where human conflict with wildlife and wildlife conflict with human are often seen. Conflict with animals like wild boar, peacock,elephant and deer are seen here. The aim of our study is to analyze the original tolerance level of people towards human wildlife conflicts, to compare the tolerance level of people towards different animals, to compare the tolerance level of on comparing with different groups on basis of age, gender, occupation,forest area coverage and losses faced. Our study was conducted on December 2018 and about 48 peoples are investigated in our study area. The voices of people were recorded in phone and tolerancepercentages were given. The mean tolerance level of the people was found to be 58.75%. About 23% of people showed 90% level of tolerance. The comparative tolerance levels between different groups of people were discussed. The reasons behind the factors which determine the tolerance level of groups were also discussed.

Initiating a conflict with wildlife – the reintroduction and feeding of kākā, Wellington City, New Zealand

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne Linklater ◽  
Holly Chapman ◽  
Andrea Gregor ◽  
Rebecca Calder-Flynn ◽  
Johan Gouws ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Urban Wildlife ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Wildlife Sanctuary ◽  
Sugar Water ◽  
Human Conflict ◽  
Native Birds ◽  
Human Wildlife Conflict

Wildlife reintroductions to peopled landscapes pose socio-ecological opportunities and risks, and a responsibility to people as well as wildlife. Human–wildlife conflicts can escalate rapidly where anthropogenic foods and feeding cause wildlife to congregate and damage property. Those conflicts polarise attitudes to the wildlife and may cascade into conflicts between people over wildlife. The native parrot, kākā (Nestor meridionalis), was reintroduced to Wellington City in 2002 and we suspect that it initiated a classical human–wildlife conflict cascade. We tested for feeding-induced damage, and different attitude scores amongst neighbours using a postal household survey. We received 313 completed surveys, a 55.9% response rate, across eight suburbs. Minor to severe damage, costing up to NZ$3000 to repair, was reported to trees, buildings, and outdoor furniture. Seventeen respondents reported feeding kākā, mostly fruit and vegetables, but also sugar water, bread, and nuts and seeds, and we received surveys from 33 of their non-feeding neighbours. Feeding significantly increased reports of kākā, and kākā abundance was positively associated with kākā damage. Neighbourhoods closer to Zealandia (the wildlife sanctuary where kākā are fed) and the neighbours of people who fed kākā were statistically more likely to incur property damage than more distant suburbs and residents. Neighbours’ attitudinal scores about kākā and native birds were significantly negatively associated with greater kākā damage. The reintroduction of kākā has initiated a feeding-induced wildlife–human conflict. We discuss what can be learned from the experience with kākā in Wellington City for urban wildlife conservation in the future.

scholarly journals Stakeholder’s Risk Perceptions of Wild Pigs: Is There a Gender Difference?

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
Maria Bampasidou ◽  
Michael D. Kaller ◽  
Shaun M. Tanger
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Wildlife Management ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Production Risk ◽  
Wild Pigs ◽  
Wildlife Conflict ◽  
Adverse Impacts ◽  
Education And Outreach ◽  
Human Wildlife Conflict ◽  
Wild Pig

Substantial literature indicates that genders differ in terms of risk perception and values regarding wildlife management. Lack of equal stakeholder representation is also documented, which can also impact the effectiveness of human-wildlife conflict resolution interventions and education and outreach efforts. This paper investigates gender differences in perceptions about risks and potential adverse impacts on production, health, environment, safety, and population management posed by wild pigs. A survey was used to collect data from a random sample of adult residents (N = 1221) in Louisiana. We analyzed responses from 226 female and 832 male producers. We observed differences in how these groups perceive production risk and health risk. No distinct differences were found on how the two genders perceive wild pig impact on natural resources and safety. No difference is reported on how the two genders consider the management of the wild pig population.

scholarly journals Elephants, safety nets and agrarian culture: understanding human-wildlife conflict and rural livelihoods around Chobe National Park, Botswana

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 238 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Clare Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Political Ecology ◽  
National Park ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Conservation Policy ◽  
Livelihood Strategies ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Wildlife Conflict ◽  
Human Wildlife Conflict

Resolving conflict between agricultural livelihoods and wildlife conservation requires a sophisticated understanding of both wildlife ecology and human livelihood decision-making. This case study extends the literature on human-wildlife conflict in Africa by using a political ecology framework to understand how and why farmers in areas of high wildlife disturbance make their farming decisions, and how their strategies are affected by a broader socio-political context that includes, but is not restricted to, wildlife conservation policy. Specifically, this article chronicles the livelihood strategies of smallholder farmers in a village on the edge of Chobe National Park in northern Botswana. This is a place where the state has prioritized wildlife conservation but also supports residents' livelihoods. Because of disturbance from wildlife, especially elephants, protected under conservation law, agricultural production in Chobe is becoming increasingly challenging, even as the government increases its agricultural subsidies and support to small farmers. This results in unexpected farming strategies that reflect the interactive effects of conservation policy and other relevant macro-economic policies that structure the livelihood strategies of rural communities living near protected areas. Future human-wildlife conflict studies must take into account these multi-scalar and multi-dimensional dynamics in order to accurately explain the livelihood strategies of people living in wildlife-populated areas, so that appropriate conservation and development policies can be designed.Keywords: Botswana, wildlife conservation, rural livelihoods, human-wildlife conflict, political ecology

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