scholarly journals Human dimensions of wildlife conservation in Iran: Assessment of human-wildlife conflict in restoring a wide-ranging endangered species

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. e0220702
Author(s):  
Saeideh Esmaeili ◽  
Mahmoud-Reza Hemami ◽  
Jacob R. Goheen
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Human Dimensions ◽  
Wildlife Conflict ◽  
Human Dimensions Of Wildlife ◽  
Human Wildlife Conflict

scholarly journals Assessment Of Human-Wildlife Conflict And Its Implication For Conservation at sundarpur, Udayapur, Eastern Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-30
Author(s):  
Chandramani Aryal ◽  
Manoj Pokharel
Keyword(s):  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Household Surveys ◽  
Crop Raiding ◽  
Wildlife Conflict ◽  
Wildlife Species ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Sloth Bear ◽  
Human Wildlife Conflict ◽  
Direct Observation Method

This study was carried out to document the prevailing situation of human-wildlife conflict in Sundarpur of Udayapur district, Nepal where significant numbers of sloth bear along with other troublesome wildlife species occur. Data about conflict and people's perception towards wildlife conservation was collected using household surveys supplemented by key informant interviews and direct observation method. Monkeys (93%) and elephants (86%) were found to be major animals involved in conflict mostly resulting into crop raiding, which was the major form of conflict as reported by (95%) of respondents. Livestock depredation cases were mostly by common leopard (84%) and sloth bear was involved in majority of human attack cases (90%). According to respondents, the trend of conflict was found to be increasing for elephants (63%) and monkeys (73%) while it was found to be decreasing for sloth bear (64%), wild boar (85%), and leopard (46%), where people believed natural attraction of wildlife towards crops/livestock to be the major driving factor of conflict. Despite the prevalence of conflict most of the respondents showed positive attitude towards wildlife conservation in Sundarpur. This implies a better future for wildlife conservation in this area if the issues associated with human-wildlife conflict are addressed effectively.

scholarly journals Assessment of Human-Wildlife Conflict and the Attitude of Local Communities to Wild Animal Conservation around Borena Sayint National Park, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Salahadin Merkebu ◽  
Dereje Yazezew
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Papio Hamadryas ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Wildlife Conflict ◽  
The Status ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Human Wildlife Conflict

Human-wildlife conflict (HWC) has increased globally because of an increase in the human population, particularly in developing countries. This study was conducted to investigate the status of HWC and the attitude of local communities to wildlife conservation around Borena Sayint National Park, Northeastern Ethiopia. Data were collected between September 2017 and May 2018 using a face-to-face questionnaire survey (230), focus group discussions (7), and direct observation on the crop foraging. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and the responses were compared using a nonparametric Pearson chi-square test. The majority of respondents (70%) reported the existence of HWC manifested because of the damage received to their assets (both crop and livestock). Canis aureus, Panthera pardus, Crocuta crocuta, and Papio hamadryas were stated as livestock depredators. Gelada, rabbit, porcupine, klipspringer, bushbuck, and duiker were considered as the major crop raiders. Over half (57.83%) of the respondents had a positive attitude, while others (36.09%) had a negative attitude towards the conservation of wildlife due to frequently faced problems. Respondents in different villages differed significantly (χ2 = 27.385, DF = 12, P < 0.05 ) in their attitude towards wildlife. Possible mitigation actions need to be undertaken to reduce the wildlife damage such that wildlife can sustainably be managed in the park.

scholarly journals Elephants, safety nets and agrarian culture: understanding human-wildlife conflict and rural livelihoods around Chobe National Park, Botswana

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 238 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Clare Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Political Ecology ◽  
National Park ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Conservation Policy ◽  
Livelihood Strategies ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Wildlife Conflict ◽  
Human Wildlife Conflict

Resolving conflict between agricultural livelihoods and wildlife conservation requires a sophisticated understanding of both wildlife ecology and human livelihood decision-making. This case study extends the literature on human-wildlife conflict in Africa by using a political ecology framework to understand how and why farmers in areas of high wildlife disturbance make their farming decisions, and how their strategies are affected by a broader socio-political context that includes, but is not restricted to, wildlife conservation policy. Specifically, this article chronicles the livelihood strategies of smallholder farmers in a village on the edge of Chobe National Park in northern Botswana. This is a place where the state has prioritized wildlife conservation but also supports residents' livelihoods. Because of disturbance from wildlife, especially elephants, protected under conservation law, agricultural production in Chobe is becoming increasingly challenging, even as the government increases its agricultural subsidies and support to small farmers. This results in unexpected farming strategies that reflect the interactive effects of conservation policy and other relevant macro-economic policies that structure the livelihood strategies of rural communities living near protected areas. Future human-wildlife conflict studies must take into account these multi-scalar and multi-dimensional dynamics in order to accurately explain the livelihood strategies of people living in wildlife-populated areas, so that appropriate conservation and development policies can be designed.Keywords: Botswana, wildlife conservation, rural livelihoods, human-wildlife conflict, political ecology

scholarly journals Investigating the potential for chilli Capsicum spp. to reduce human-wildlife conflict in Zimbabwe

Oryx ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy E. Parker ◽  
Ferrel V. Osborn
Keyword(s):  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Livelihood Strategies ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cash Crop ◽  
Wildlife Conflict ◽  
Alternative Livelihood ◽  
Capsicum Spp ◽  
Human Wildlife Conflict

Human-wildlife conflict has negative implications for wildlife conservation, and current crop protection methods are not sufficient to address the problem. Alternative livelihood strategies may provide the ultimate solution to this conflict but they are not always feasible in the short-term. We test the viability of using chilli Capsicum spp. as an unpalatable cash crop to reduce human-wildlife conflict. Our trials indicate that chilli is less vulnerable to wildlife than other crops and is also economically viable.

scholarly journals IMPLICATIONS OF HUMAN-WILDLIFE CONFLICT ON LOCAL LIVELIHOOD: CASE STUDY, KIMBI-FUNGOM NATIONAL PARK CAMEROON

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 146-157
Author(s):  
TSI Evaristus ANGWAFO ◽  
NKENGAFAC Michael BENAZIA ◽  
MVO Denis CHUO
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Population Pressure ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Wildlife Conflict ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Local Livelihood ◽  
Integrated Conservation ◽  
Human Wildlife Conflict

This study entitled “implications of human-wildlife conflict on local livelihood in the Kimbi-Fungom National Park” was undertaken to assess impacts of Human-Wildlife Conflict (HWC) in the Park so as to provide basis to design a sustainable wildlife conservation roadmap. Data collection was done using questionnaires, semi structured interviews and direct observations. Collected data were treated using excel and statistical package for social sciences (SPSS version 14). Findings revealed that, 98% of the population experience human-wildlife conflicts that negatively impacted local livelihood, with cumulative average financial losses amounting to 1, 97,890 FCFA/year/acre (0.40ha) for the six common staple food crops, and an average cumulative surface area damage of 4.75 acres/year (0.19ha). It was revealed that great proximity to the Park edge bear the highest cost of the conflict. Though losses varied with different crop and distance from the Park, this was attributed to population pressure that intensifies farming activities along the Park edge that greatly threatened the sustainable management of wildlife in the study area. It is against this background that an Integrated Conservation Development Project is proposed for a sustainable wildlife management roadmap that would have to confront the drivers of conflict by working hand-in-hand with all stakeholders concerned towards a win-win outcome.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF CONTENT FRAMING ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MEDIA AND AUDIENCE PERCEPTION OF WILDLIFE CONSERVATION DISCOURSE IN KENYA

2021 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 111-127
Author(s):  
Paul Mburu Jinaro ◽  
◽  
Juliet Macharia ◽  
Paul Kiumbe ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Wildlife Conflict ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Man ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Human Wildlife Conflict

Audience perception of wildlife conservation discourse in Kenya has been negative as evidenced in the results of conservation efforts. The purpose of this study was to interrogate the moderating influence of media content framing in the relationship between media and audience perception. The study employed convergent parallel mixed methods design. The population in this study comprised of three groups namely; sampled media practitioners in three media houses in Kenya; residents living next to national parks in four out of the eight conservation areas in Kenya as delineated by Kenya Wildlife Service; and park managers in the four sampled national parks. A questionnaire was administered to 83 human-wildlife conflict resolution committee members. This generated quantitative data while qualitative data was generated from interviews with 6 media practitioner, 12 park managers, and Focus Group Discussions with 4 groups of human-wildlife conflict resolution committee officials each comprising of 8 participants The study applied both qualitative and quantitative analytical techniques. Results indicated that half (50%) of the total respondents from the three media houses focus on messages that can solve the conflicts that exist between wildlife and human beings as a factor when framing wildlife conservation messages touching on human-wildlife conflict. There was a general perception among participants that the media tend to emphasize the interests of state (KWS) more than those of the common man, thus the view that the media cannot fully be trusted to report matters from the perspective of the common man. This undermines the role of the media in educating the audience to appreciate wildlife and therefore conserve it. The study concludes that the target audiences are not satisfied with the manner in which these messages are communicated. As the media highlight the plight of the wildlife, it should equally communicate the plight of the communities.The study therefore reocommends more training of journalists and park managers to enhance sensitive flaming and reporting of wildlife conservation messages

scholarly journals Human-Wildlife Conflict and its Implication for Conservation at Sundarpur, Udayapur, Eastern Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-233
Author(s):  
Manoj Pokharel ◽  
Chandramani Aryal
Keyword(s):  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Conservation Education ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Wildlife Conflict ◽  
N 93 ◽  
Sloth Bear ◽  
Robust Compensation ◽  
Human Wildlife Conflict

Local people are the major stakeholders of biodiversity conservation. Human-wildlife conflict (HWC) could result in a negative attitude of the general public towards wildlife adding challenges for conservation. This is more applicable in the landscapes which are outside the protected area (PA) coverage. But, the majority of HWC related studies in Nepal have centered on PAs and their peripheries. This study documents the prevailing situation of HWC in Sundarpur of Udayapur district that shelters some HWC prone wildlife species, while situating outside PA. Data about conflict and people's perception of wildlife conservation was collected using household surveys supplemented by key informant interviews and direct observation. Monkeys (93%, n=93) and elephants (86%, n=86) were found to be the major animals involved in the conflict, mostly resulting in crop raiding, the major form of conflict as reported by (95%, n=95) of respondents. Livestock depredation cases were mostly by common leopard (84%, n=21) and sloth bear was involved in the majority of human attack cases (90%, n=9). The results showed increasing trend of conflicts for elephants (63%, n=63) and monkeys (73%, n=73), while declining trend for sloth bear (64%, n=64), wild boar (85%, n=85), and leopard (46%, n=46). People believed the natural attraction of wildlife towards crops and livestock to be the major driving factor of conflict. Majority of respondents had a positive attitude towards wildlife conservation. However, implementation of community based conflict management strategies, robust compensation schemes along with conservation education programs are highly essential to achieve desired conservation success.

Why transforming biodiversity conservation conflict is essential and how to begin.

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Nils Peterson ◽  
Markus J Peterson ◽  
Tarla Rai Peterson ◽  
Kirsten Leong
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Wildlife Management ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Commitment To Change ◽  
Value Differences ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Wildlife Conflict ◽  
Human Conflict ◽  
Conservation Conflict ◽  
Human Wildlife Conflict

Conserving biodiversity requires productive management of conflict. Currently, wildlife are often portrayed as conscious human antagonists, which must be fought. We suggest using the ‘comic corrective’ to experiment with ways to reframe human–human conflicts over wildlife management and wildlife damage. This requires a deep commitment to change, often made more palatable through humour. This effort to fight the use of the term human–wildlife conflict should not be interpreted as a call to reject human–human conflict as a useful conservation tool. Conservationists, who value wildlife, often misleadingly suggest that conservation can sidestep irreducible value differences and political processes that see proponents of different views as antagonists. Because democracies cannot function without dissent, we suggest that conservation biologists should embrace stakeholder conflicts over wildlife conservation as a way to improve decision making. In particular, we should challenge the view that wildlife are willfully antagonistic to people while recognizing conflict among humans over how biodiversity conservation should occur.

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