Enhanced shoot regeneration in nine Australian wheat cultivars by spermidine and water stress treatments

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 1243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harjeet K. Khanna ◽  
Grant E. Daggard
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Dehydration Stress ◽  
Regeneration Ability ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Regeneration Potential ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Australian Wheat

The regeneration potential of ageing calli initiated from isolated scutella of immature embryos was increased in nine elite Australian cultivars (QT7208, QT9685, QT7709, Kennedy, Lang, Sunvale, Giles, Petrie and Veery) of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Firstly, the effects of 4–32 h of dehydration stress on regeneration of 4- to 20-week old calli were evaluated. Cultivars such as Veery, Kennedy and Sunvale showed significant improvement in regeneration from calli up to 12-weeks old that had undergone 16 h of dehydration stress. Secondly, 4- to 20-week old callus cultures were treated with 0.05–5 mM spermidine to evaluate its effect on regeneration. While spermidine had a negative effect on regeneration from 4-week old calli at all tested concentrations (as compared with untreated controls), there was a 3–50% improvement in the regeneration ability of older calli (16- to 20-week old) of all cultivars. Finally, exogenous application of 1 mM spermidine to 16-week old cultures, in combination with 16 h dehydration stress, improved plant regeneration by 10–65% in all nine cultivars.

Haploid production of Australian wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars through wheat × maize (Zea mays L.) crosses

1997 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 1207 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Suenaga ◽  
A. R. Morshedi ◽  
N. L. Darvey
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Haploid Production ◽  
Australian Wheat ◽  
Haploid Embryos

In order to reduce the labour for wheat haploid production through wheat maize crosses, several emasculation methods were investigated in combination with the ‘spike culture method’. Although the standard method whereby wheat spikes were hand-emasculated and pollinated on the day of anthesis gave a higher efficiency, the ‘non-emasculation method’ gave a comparable response. The use of the non-emasculation method and spike culture could eliminate much of the labour required for emasculation and treatment with 2,4-D, which is normally applied by injection into wheat internodes or by dropping onto florets after pollination with maize. Most of the selfed seeds were easily identified by the presence of endosperm, and the probability of contamination by the embryos originating from selfing among the presumptive haploid embryos in the non-emasculation method was very low. Twenty-seven Australian wheat cultivars were investigated for haploid production through wheat × maize crosses using the non-emasculation and spike culture methods. All of the 27 cultivars produced embryos after crossing with maize, with a mean efficiency of 33·1% (embryos/florets). Except for one cultivar, Tincurrin, plants were recovered from all of the cultivars (average of 61·5% including Tinccurin). This innovation of haploid production through wheat maize crosses is discussed.

scholarly journals Water Stress Affects the Some Morpho-Physiological Traits of Twenty Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes under Field Condition

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13736
Author(s):  
Nazeer Ali Panhwar ◽  
Monika Mierzwa-Hersztek ◽  
Gul Muhammad Baloch ◽  
Zahoor Ahmed Soomro ◽  
Mahboob Ali Sial ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Early Response ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Relative Water

Water stress has become one of the foremost constraints to agricultural development, mostly in areas that are deficient in water. A field trial has been conducted to evaluate the performance of different twenty wheat genotypes under three stress treatments viz., control (T0) = normal watering, stress-1 (T1) = water stress from tillering up to maturity, and stress-2 (T2) = water stress from anthesis to maturity were used as treatments. The results revealed that a highly significant (p < 0.01) difference was observed among twenty wheat cultivars for morpho-physiological traits except for several tillers plant−1, spikeletspike−1, and relative water content. In the early days, 50% flowering was noted in Anmole-91 (64.33 days) under (T0), while Anmol-91 showed a relative decrease (RD-1) (−2.34 days) at days 50% flowering in (T1). The TJ-83 genotype showed an early response (−8.34 day) at days to 50% flowering under stress-2 (T2), but TD-I (−3.34) was observed to be relatively tolerant. Underwater stress from tillering to maturity (T1) SKD-1 was found more susceptible (−36.7 days) than other cultivars. Wheat cultivar Soghat-90 showed maximum RD-1 (−24.7) for grain yield plant−1 in stress-1 (T1) from tillering to maturity. Anmole-91, NIA-Sarang, and TD-I observed minimum was (−6) in the same water stress for various traits. Therefore, the findings of present work revealed that the best performing genotypes can be recommended for effective cultivation in future breeding programs.

The application of n-butanol improves embryo and green plant production in anther culture of Australian wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (10) ◽  
pp. 813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sue Broughton
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Anther Culture ◽  
Doubled Haploids ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Green Plant ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Green Plants ◽  
Australian Wheat ◽  
New Treatments

The objective of this study was to improve the production from anther culture of embryos and green plants in Australian spring wheat genotypes by testing new treatments such as n-butanol, as well as other protocol modifications. To date, the use of n-butanol to enhance embryogenesis has only been tested in two European wheat cultivars; this is the first study which demonstrates its application across a range of breeding crosses. A 5-h treatment using 0.1 or 0.2% (v/v) n-butanol following anther pretreatment on a solid mannitol medium significantly improved the production of embryos, green plants and doubled haploids in a range of Australian wheat crosses and varieties. Green plant production increased between 3- and 6-fold in the crosses Yitpi/2*Bumper, Tammarin Rock/2*Bumper and Tammarin Rock/2*Magenta. The addition of calcium (Ca) and macronutrients to the mannitol pretreatment medium also significantly improved the number of embryos and green plants in varieties and crosses, but only when used in combination with n-butanol treatment. A factorial experiment with four varieties and two treatments (n-butanol and Ca/macronutrients) revealed significant interactions between treatments and genotype. In three of the four varieties, the application of n-butanol resulted in significant increases in embryos and green plants with either pretreatment medium although the best results were obtained with Ca and macronutrients in the pretreatment medium, with 200, 193 and 52 green plants per 100 anthers obtained for Bumper, Gladius and Magenta, respectively. In the variety Fortune however, n-butanol treatment did not improve embryo or green plant production unless it was combined with Ca and macronutrients in the pretreatment medium and then there were dramatic improvements; from 0 to 27 green plants per 100 anthers.

Effect of Drought Stress and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Yield and Its Components of Two Wheat Cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Awad A. ◽  
H. Abdel-Mottaleb ◽  
M. Hammada ◽  
M. Kotb ◽  
M. Abass
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Cultivars

Nutritional imbalance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes grown at soil water stress

1998 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yasin Ashraf ◽  
S. A. Ala ◽  
A. Saeed Bhatti
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Soil Water Stress ◽  
Nutritional Imbalance

Comparative analysis of water stress-responsive transcriptomes in drought-susceptible and -tolerant wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 349-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Chun Li ◽  
Fan Rong Meng ◽  
Chun Yan Zhang ◽  
Ning Zhang ◽  
Ming Shan Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L

The Effect of Boron on Pollen Development in Two Wheat Cultivars (Triticum aestivum L., cv. ‘Fang 60’ and ‘SW 41’)

2002 ◽  
pp. 181-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duangjai Nachiangmai ◽  
Bernie Dell ◽  
Longbin Huang ◽  
Richard W. Bell ◽  
Benjavan Rerkasem
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Pollen Development ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Cultivars

scholarly journals Receiving of genetic-modified wheat plants with heterolous ornitin-δ-aminotransferase gene

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 222-227
Author(s):  
O. M. Honcharuk ◽  
O. V. Dubrovna
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Binary Vector ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Genetic Construct ◽  
Agrobacterium Mediated Transformation

Aim. Receiving of genetically modified plants of bread wheat with heterologous ornithine‑δ‑aminotransferase gene. Methods. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of callus cultures in vitro, PCR-analysis. Results. By Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of the morphogenic calluses of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using the AGLO strain containing the binary vector pBi-OAT with the target ornithine-δ-aminotransferase (oat) and selective neomycinphosphotransferase II (nptII), transgenic plants-regenerators have been obtained. Conclusions. As a result of the genetic transformation of Zimoyarka variety, 12 wheat regenerants were obtained in the genome which revealed a complete integration of the genetic construct containing the oat and nptII transgenes. Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, ornithine‑δ‑aminotransferase gene, PCR-analysis.

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