Responses of Rice and Pea Plants to Hardening With Low Doses of Ultraviolet-B Radiation

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 563 ◽  
Author(s):  
J He ◽  
LK Huang ◽  
WS Chow ◽  
MI Whitecross ◽  
JM Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Unit Leaf ◽  
Hardening Treatment ◽  
Uv Absorbing Compounds ◽  
Soluble Enzymes ◽  
Photosynthetic Properties

Responses of two rice cultivars (Oryza sativa L. cw. Er Bai Ai and Lemont) and a pea plant (Pisum sativum L. cv. Greenfeast) to low daily doses of ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation were measured to explore mechanisms underlying UV-B tolerance. On hardening of rice plants, cv. Er Bai Ai produced more UV-absorbing compounds than cv. Lemont; however, cv. Lemont produced more water-soluble proteins, which may be related to its greater UV-B tolerance. These responses occurred without apparent deleterious effects on the photosynthetic properties of rice leaves. In contrast, the same hardening doses caused damage to pea plants, as indicated by decreases in photosynthetic quantum yield, maximum photosynthetic capacity and chlorophyll content per unit leaf area, as well as water-soluble and total protein contents. The acquired tolerance of the two rice cultivars to a subsequent high UV-B dose increased with the duration of the hardening treatment. In contrast, the 'hardening' treatment exacerbated the damage to the photosynthetic apparatus of pea plants subsequently exposed to a high UV-B dose. It appears that for defence against UV-B radiation, cv. Er Bai Ai relies more upon the synthesis of UV-absorbing compounds, while cv. Lemont depends more upon the synthesis of protective, water-soluble enzymes; however, neither strategy seems to operate effectively in pea plants.

Responses of Detached Rice Leaves (Oryza sativa L.) To Moderate Supplementary Ultraviolet-B Radiation Allow Early Screening for Relative Sensitivity to Ultraviolet-B Irradiation

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 285 ◽  
Author(s):  
LK Huang ◽  
J He ◽  
WS Chow ◽  
MI Whitecross ◽  
JM Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Relative Sensitivity ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
Detached Leaves ◽  
Rice Leaves

Responses to short-term supplementary ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation were studied in detached leaves of two indica rice cultivars (Er Bai Ai and Lemont) to evaluate whether this might be an initial method for screening for UV-B susceptibility. Leaf tissue from plants grown in a greenhouse (28�C day/ 20�C night, with a maximum irradiance of 800-1000 μmol photons m-2 s-1) was placed under moderate supplementary UV-B radiation for 20 h. The effects of this short-term treatment were measured by determining the ratio of variable to maximum chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm), quantum yield of photosynthetic O2 exchange, chlorophyll content, maximum Rubisco activity as well as the concentrations of total soluble protein and Rubisco protein. All the above parameters showed considerable declines, which were always greater in cv. Er Bai Ai than in cv. Lemont. The in vivo activation of Rubisco was markedly increased in detached leaves treated with supplementary UV-B compared with control leaves; the increase was greater in cv. Er Bai Ai than in cv. Lemont. The photosynthetic responses invoked in the detached rice leaves are remarkably similar to those observed previously [He et al. (1993). Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 20, 129-42] in intact rice plants which had a longer-term supplementary UV-B exposure of comparable cumulative biologically effective UV-B dosage. We conclude that rapid short-term responses of detached leaves allow early screening of relative sensitivity of rice cultivars to UV-B.

The effect of harvest date on yield loss of long and short-grain rice cultivars (Oryza sativa L.) in Northeast China

2021 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 126382
Author(s):  
Jinwu Wang ◽  
Xiaobo Sun ◽  
Yanan Xu ◽  
Qi Wang ◽  
Han Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Rice Cultivars

Damages of photosynthetic apparatus inAnacystis nidulans by ultraviolet-B radiation

1996 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Nedunchezhian ◽  
A. Abadia ◽  
J. Abadia ◽  
K. C. Ravindran ◽  
G. Kulandaivelu
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Ultraviolet B Radiation

Screening of Freshwater Algae (Chlorophyta, Chromophyta) for Ultraviolet-B Sensitivity of the Photosynthetic Apparatus

1996 ◽  
Vol 148 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 42-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fusheng Xiong ◽  
Filip Lederer ◽  
Jaromír Lukavský ◽  
Ladislav Nedbal
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Freshwater Algae

scholarly journals Effects of Paint Industry Effluent on Soil Productivity

1970 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-53
Author(s):  
YN Jolly ◽  
A Islam ◽  
SB Quraishi ◽  
AI Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Effluent Concentration ◽  
Paint Industry ◽  
Industry Effluent ◽  
The Impact

The impact of various dilutions (2.5, 5, 10, 25 and 50%) of paint industry effluent on physico-chemical properties of soil and the germination, growth and dry matter productions of corn (Zea mays L.) and rice (Oryza sativa L.) have been studied. The effluent was acidic and had low BOD and COD values because of its low content of suspended solid. It contained high concentration of calcium, medium concentrations of nitrogen, sodium, potassium, sulphate, chloride and low concentrations of phosphorus, magnesium and bicarbonate. The trace element like Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb were measured in the μg L-1 level. On irrigation of soil with the effluent an increase in the water soluble salts, pH, electrical conductivity, cation exchange capacity, nitrogen, phosphorus potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium and iron contents of the soil for effluent concentrations of 2.5, 5 and 10% were observed but all these parameters were found to decrease on treatment of the soil with the effluent concentration of 25% and above. The effluent of the lower concentrations (2.5, 5 and 10%) enhanced the growth of both crops. However, negative effects on seed germination, dry matter production and the yield of both crops were found for the effluent concentration of 25% and above. doi: 10.3329/jbas.v32i1.2441 Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 32, No. 1, 41-53, 2008

scholarly journals Yield performance of upland rice cultivars at different rates and times of nitrogen application

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 475-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Hildernando Bezerra Barreto ◽  
Ismail Soares ◽  
José Almeida Pereira ◽  
Antonio Marcos Esmeraldo Bezerra ◽  
José Aridiano Lima de Deus
Keyword(s):  
Upland Rice ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
N Application ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
N Rates

Nitrogen is the most important nutrient for rice (Oryza sativa L) yields. This study aimed to evaluate the response of upland rice cultivars to N rate and application times in a randomized block design, in subdivided plots with four replications. The studied factors were five rice cultivars (BRS MG Curinga, BRS Monarca, BRS Pepita, BRS Primavera, and BRS Sertaneja), three application times (100 % at planting, 50 % at planting - 50 % at tillering and 100 % at tillering) and four N rates (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg ha-1). All cultivars responded to increased rates and different times of N application, especially BRS Primavera and BRS Sertaneja, which were the most productive when 50 % N rates were applied at sowing and 50 % at tillering. The response of cultivar BRS Monarca to N fertilization was best when 100 % of the fertilizer was applied at tillering.

scholarly journals HERBICIDAL EFFICACY OF ROOT EXUDATES OF RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.) ON BARNYARD GRASS (ECHINOCHLOA CRUS-GALLI L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
Prabhakaran J ◽  
Kavitha D
Keyword(s):  
Root Exudates ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Underground Part ◽  
Barnyard Grass ◽  
Crop Field ◽  
Germination And Growth

A laboratory study was conducted to assess the herbicidal potential of root exudates of three rice cultivars (ADT-36, BPT and IR-20) against germination and growth of common crop field weed, barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli L.). Various concentrations (5, 10, 15 and 20%) of root exudates were prepared from the underground part of rice cultivars from the postharvest rice fields. The studies revealed that all the three rice cultivars were exhibited significant inhibition on growth and development of weed species. Among the rice cultivars, ADT-36 exhibited the greatest inhibition on the seed germination (86%), seedling growth(83%), dry weight (81%) of barnyard cross than BPT and ADT-36. The percentage of inhibition on concentration depends. The order of inhibition of the rice cultivars was ADT-36 > BPT > IR-20 on barnyard grass.

scholarly journals Análisis Prospectivo de la Detección Hiperespectral de Cultivos de Arroz (Oryza Sativa L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Jorge Serrano ◽  
José Fábrega ◽  
Evelyn Quirós ◽  
Javier Sánchez- Galán ◽  
José Ulises Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Spectral Signature ◽  
Prospective Analysis ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Crop Varieties ◽  
Nm Range

The objective of this work is to perform a prospective analysis of the wavelengths that can be used to recognize a rice crop due to its phenological status and variety. For this purpose, field measurements of spectral signature in the 350 nm -1049 nm range were employed. The rice cultivars FCA 616FL and IDIAP 54-05 were used. The study site was located in the Juan Hombrón area in the Coclé province, Panama. A principal component analysis (PCA) was carried out, which resulted in the lengths 728.16, 677.89 and 785.48 nm let phenological differentiation within the cultivar FCA 616FL and IDIAP 54-05, the lengths 729.72, 814.58 and 666.81 nm let distinguish between crop varieties FCA 616FL and IDIAP 54-05 in vegetative phase.Keywords: Rice, reflectance, hyperspectral signature, phonological state.

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