Relationship between mitochondrial DNA haplogroup and litter size in the pig

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has been widely associated with complex traits in farm animals. The present study evaluated the effects of mtDNA on litter size in pigs. Mitogenome sequencing of 1017 sows distinguished 232 variations, including 229 single nucleotide polymorphisms and three indels, which constituted 11 haplotypes and further clustered into two haplogroups that differed significantly (P<0.05) in litter size. In order to explain the associations between the effect of haplogroup on litter size and different maternal origins, extant mitogenome sequences were used for phylogenetic or principal component analyses. The results of these analyses led to the identification of two groups, representing Chinese and European origins. The haplotypes corresponding to high litter size were all in the Chinese cluster, whereas haplotypes corresponding to low litter size were all in the European cluster. The results of this study suggest that the effect of haplogroup on litter size in the pig could be caused by diverse maternal origins, and that mtDNA haplogroup may be a marker for genetic selection for pig litter size.

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Genetics of complex traits: prediction of phenotype, identification of causal polymorphisms and genetic architecture

Proceedings of The Royal Society B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspb.2016.0569 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 283 (1835) ◽

pp. 20160569 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

M. E. Goddard ◽

K. E. Kemper ◽

I. M. MacLeod ◽

A. J. Chamberlain ◽

B. J. Hayes

Keyword(s):

Complex Traits ◽

Genetic Architecture ◽

Quantitative Traits ◽

Association Studies ◽

Genome Wide Association Studies ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Crop Breeding ◽

Single Nucleotide ◽

Genome Wide ◽

Phenotype Identification

Complex or quantitative traits are important in medicine, agriculture and evolution, yet, until recently, few of the polymorphisms that cause variation in these traits were known. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS), based on the ability to assay thousands of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), have revolutionized our understanding of the genetics of complex traits. We advocate the analysis of GWAS data by a statistical method that fits all SNP effects simultaneously, assuming that these effects are drawn from a prior distribution. We illustrate how this method can be used to predict future phenotypes, to map and identify the causal mutations, and to study the genetic architecture of complex traits. The genetic architecture of complex traits is even more complex than previously thought: in almost every trait studied there are thousands of polymorphisms that explain genetic variation. Methods of predicting future phenotypes, collectively known as genomic selection or genomic prediction, have been widely adopted in livestock and crop breeding, leading to increased rates of genetic improvement.

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Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the HIRA Gene Affect Litter Size in Small Tail Han Sheep

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani8050071 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 71 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Mei Zhou ◽

Zhangyuan Pan ◽

Xiaohan Cao ◽

Xiaofei Guo ◽

Xiaoyun He ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Litter Size ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Single Nucleotide

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Discovery of Three Newly Described Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Mitochondrial DNA Hypervariable Region I (HVI) and Estimation of Variants and Haplotypes Encompassing Nucleotide Positions 16024- 16365

Journal of Forensic Research ◽

10.4172/2157-7145.1000209 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 05 (01) ◽

Author(s):

Abeer F Cheah Y

Keyword(s):

Mitochondrial Dna ◽

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Hypervariable Region ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Single Nucleotide ◽

Region I ◽

Hypervariable Region I

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Association of non-synonymous SNPs of <i>OPN</i> gene with litter size traits in pigs

Archives Animal Breeding ◽

10.5194/aab-58-317-2015 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 58 (2) ◽

pp. 317-323 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

T. Kumchoo ◽

S. Mekchay

Keyword(s):

Litter Size ◽

Reproductive Traits ◽

Snp Markers ◽

Strong Linkage Disequilibrium ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Large White ◽

Single Nucleotide ◽

Pcr Rflp ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Acid Exchange

Abstract. Osteopontin (OPN) gene is a secreted phosphoprotein which appears to play a key function in the conceptus implantation, placentation and maintenance of pregnancy in pigs. The objectives of this study were to verify the non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and their association with litter size traits in commercial Thai Large White pigs. A total of 320 Thai Large White sows were genotyped using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Three SNPs at c.425G> A, c.573T> C and c.881C> T revealed amino acid exchange rates of p.110Ala> Thr, p.159Val> Ala and p.262Pro> Ser, respectively, and were then segregated. These three SNPs were significantly associated with total number born (TNB) and number born alive (NBA) traits. No polymorphisms of the two SNP markers (c.278A> G and c.452T> G) were observed in this study. Moreover, the SNPs at c.425G> A and c.573T> C were found to be in strong linkage disequilibrium. The association of OPN with litter size emphasizes the importance of porcine OPN as a candidate gene for reproductive traits in pig breeding.

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Melanocortin-4 Receptor (MC4R) gene polymorphism and its effect on growth traits in Madura cattle

Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture ◽

10.14710/jitaa.44.1.38-46 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 38

Author(s):

P. W. Prihandini ◽

S. Sumadi ◽

G. Suparta ◽

D. Maharani

Keyword(s):

Growth Traits ◽

Balance Control ◽

Direct Sequencing ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Single Nucleotide ◽

Mc4r Gene ◽

Melanocortin 4 Receptor ◽

Pcr Rflp ◽

Reverse Primer ◽

Selection For

Melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) gene has an important role in the regulation of feed intake and energy balance control. The objective of this study was to identify the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of MC4R gene and their association with growth traits in Madura cattle. A total of 198 calves were used in this study.Forward primer: 5’-GTCGGGCGTCTTGTTCATC-3’and reverse primer: 5’-GCTTGTGTTTAGCATCGCGT-3’ were used to amplify approximately 493 bp of MC4R gene. The results showed that two SNPs, g.1133C>G and g.1108C>T were identified by direct sequencing. The PCR-RFLP method was performed to genotype all individuals studied based on SNP g.1133C>G, and its SNP was significantly associated with shoulder height (SH) at yearling age (P<0.05). Animals with GG genotype had a higher SH (110.35±6.40cm) than those with CC (102.00±8.00 cm) and CG genotype (105.96±6.23 cm). The SNP g.1133 C>G changed amino acid from valine to leucine. In conclusion, the SNP g.1133C>G of the MC4R gene may be used as a marker-assisted selection for SH trait in Madura cattle.

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Population Structure and Genetic Diversity in Korean Cowpea Germplasm Based on SNP Markers

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants9091190 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 1190 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Eunju Seo ◽

Kipoong Kim ◽

Tae-Hwan Jun ◽

Jinsil Choi ◽

Seong-Hoon Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Population Structure ◽

Principal Component ◽

Snp Markers ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Single Nucleotide ◽

Useful Knowledge ◽

Population Structure Analysis ◽

Group 3 ◽

Genetic Diversity Study

Cowpea is one of the most essential legume crops providing inexpensive dietary protein and nutrients. The aim of this study was to understand the genetic diversity and population structure of global and Korean cowpea germplasms. A total of 384 cowpea accessions from 21 countries were genotyped with the Cowpea iSelect Consortium Array containing 51,128 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). After SNP filtering, a genetic diversity study was carried out using 35,116 SNPs within 376 cowpea accessions, including 229 Korean accessions. Based on structure and principal component analysis, a total of 376 global accessions were divided into four major populations. Accessions in group 1 were from Asia and Europe, those in groups 2 and 4 were from Korea, and those in group 3 were from West Africa. In addition, 229 Korean accessions were divided into three major populations (Q1, Jeonra province; Q2, Gangwon province; Q3, a mixture of provinces). Additionally, the neighbor-joining tree indicated similar results. Further genetic diversity analysis within the global and Korean population groups indicated low heterozygosity, a low polymorphism information content, and a high inbreeding coefficient in the Korean cowpea accessions. The population structure analysis will provide useful knowledge to support the genetic potential of the cowpea breeding program, especially in Korea.

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