Use of alkaline flyash-based products to amend acid soils: Plant growth response and nutrient uptake

Soil Research ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 578 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Spark ◽  
R. S. Swift
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Pot Trials ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Maize Plants

Vast quantities of flyash are generated annually by the burning of coal in the power industry, with most of this material being stockpiled with little prospect of being utilised at present. Two alkaline flyash-based products (FAP) for use as soil amendments (FAP1 and FAP2) have been assessed using glasshouse pot trials to determine the suitability of using these products to treat acid soils. The products both contain ~80% flyash which originated from coal-fired electricity generation. The acid soils used in the study were 2 Podsols and a Ferrosol, all originating from south-east Queensland and ranging in pH (1 : 5 suspension in water) from 4 to 5.5. The flyash products when applied to the soil significantly enhanced growth of maize plants (Zea mays L.), with optimal application rates in the range 1.25–5% w/w. The FAP/soil mixtures and plants were analysed using a range of methods including extraction with DTPA, and plant biomass (aboveground dry matter). The results indicate that in addition to the liming effect, the flyash in the alkaline flyash products may enhance plant growth as a result of increasing the uptake of micro-nutrients such as copper, zinc, and manganese. The study suggests that flyash has the potential to be used as a base material in the production of soil amendment materials that can change soil pH and act as a fertiliser for certain soil micro-nutrients such as Cu, Mn, and Zn.

scholarly journals Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus Pal5 Enhances Plant Robustness Status under the Combination of Moderate Drought and Low Nitrogen Stress in Zea mays L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 870
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aammar Tufail ◽  
María Touceda-González ◽  
Ilaria Pertot ◽  
Ralf-Udo Ehlers
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Nitrogen Stress ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
N Fixation ◽  
Gluconacetobacter Diazotrophicus ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Low Nitrogen

Plant growth promoting endophytic bacteria, which can fix nitrogen, plays a vital role in plant growth promotion. Previous authors have evaluated the effect of Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus Pal5 inoculation on plants subjected to different sources of abiotic stress on an individual basis. The present study aimed to appraise the effect of G. diazotrophicus inoculation on the amelioration of the individual and combined effects of drought and nitrogen stress in maize plants (Zea mays L.). A pot experiment was conducted whereby treatments consisted of maize plants cultivated under drought stress, in soil with a low nitrogen concentration and these two stress sources combined, with and without G. diazotrophicus seed inoculation. The inoculated plants showed increased plant biomass, chlorophyll content, plant nitrogen uptake, and water use efficiency. A general increase in copy numbers of G. diazotrophicus, based on 16S rRNA gene quantification, was detected under combined moderate stress, in addition to an increase in the abundance of genes involved in N fixation (nifH). Endophytic colonization of bacteria was negatively affected by severe stress treatments. Overall, G. diazotrophicus Pal5 can be considered as an effective tool to increase maize crop production under drought conditions with low application of nitrogen fertilizer.

Sulfur-enriched biochar as a potential soil amendment and fertiliser

Soil Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongjie Zhang ◽  
R. Paul Voroney ◽  
G. W. Price ◽  
Andrew J. White
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Plant Uptake ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Corn Plant ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
Glycine Max L

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a highly toxic and corrosive contaminant gas co-generated during anaerobic digestion. Studies have shown that biochars have the potential to adsorb H2S and to promote its oxidisation. To date, no studies have investigated the bioavailabilty to plants of the sulfur (S) contained in biochar when used as an S fertiliser. Biochar was packed into the biogas emissions stream to adsorb the H2S being generated. The resulting sulfur-enriched biochar (SulfaChar) and synthetic S fertiliser (control treatment) were amended to potting soils and the growth response of corn (Zea mays L.) and soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and nutrient uptake were measured after a 90-day greenhouse study. SulfaChar contained 36.5% S (S element and SO42–), confirming it adsorbed significant amounts of H2S. Compared with the control treatment, SulfaChar amendment significantly increased corn plant biomass, ranging from 31% to 49% but only a slight increase in soybean biomass (4 to 14%). SulfaChar also increased corn plant uptake of S and other macro- (N, P, K, Ca, and Mg) and micro-nutrients (Zn, Mn and B). Our results show that SulfaChar was a source of plant available S, suggesting that SulfaChar is either a supplier of these nutrients or that it promoted their uptake.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi alleviate abiotic stresses in potato plants caused by low phosphorus and deficit irrigation/partial root-zone drying

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caixia Liu ◽  
Sabine Ravnskov ◽  
Fulai Liu ◽  
Gitte H. Rubæk ◽  
Mathias N. Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
Low Phosphorus

AbstractDeficit irrigation (DI) improves water use efficiency (WUE), but the reduced water input often limits plant growth and nutrient uptake. The current study examined whether arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) could alleviate abiotic stress caused by low phosphorus (P) fertilization and DI.A greenhouse experiment was conducted with potato grown with (P1) or without (P0) P fertilization, with AMF (M1+:Rhizophagus irregularisor M2+:Glomus proliferum) or AMF-free control (M−) and subjected to full irrigation (FI), DI or partial root-zone drying (PRD).Inoculation of M1+ and M2+ maintained or improved plant growth and P/nitrogen (N) uptake when subjected to DI/PRD and P0. However, the positive responses to AMF varied with P level and irrigation regime. Functional differences were found in ability of AMF species alleviating plant stress. The largest positive plant biomass response to M1+ and M2+ was found under FI, both at P1 and P0 (25% increase), while plant biomass response to M1+ and M2+ under DI/PRD (14% increase) was significantly smaller. The large growth response to AMF inoculation, particularly under FI, may relate to greater photosynthetic capacity and leaf area, probably caused by stimulation of plant P/N uptake and carbon partitioning toward roots and tubers. However, plant growth response to AMF was not related to the percentage of AMF root colonization. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can maintain and improve P/N uptake, WUE and growth of plants both at high/low P levels and under FI/DI. If this is also the case under field conditions, it should be implemented for sustainable potato production.

scholarly journals The Integrated Amendment of Sodic-Saline Soils Using Biochar and Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Enhances Maize (Zea mays L.) Resilience to Water Salinity

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1960
Author(s):  
Yasser Nehela ◽  
Yasser S. A. Mazrou ◽  
Tarek Alshaal ◽  
Asmaa M. S. Rady ◽  
Ahmed M. A. El-Sherif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Dry Soil ◽  
Growth Promoting

The utilization of low-quality water or slightly saline water in sodic-saline soil is a major global conundrum that severely impacts agricultural productivity and sustainability, particularly in arid and semiarid regions with limited freshwater resources. Herein, we proposed an integrated amendment strategy for sodic-saline soil using biochar and/or plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR; Azotobacter chroococcum SARS 10 and Pseudomonas koreensis MG209738) to alleviate the adverse impacts of saline water on the growth, physiology, and productivity of maize (Zea mays L.), as well as the soil properties and nutrient uptake during two successive seasons (2018 and 2019). Our field experiments revealed that the combined application of PGPR and biochar (PGPR + biochar) significantly improved the soil ecosystem and physicochemical properties and K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ contents but reduced the soil exchangeable sodium percentage and Na+ content. Likewise, it significantly increased the activity of soil urease (158.14 ± 2.37 and 165.51 ± 3.05 mg NH4+ g−1 dry soil d−1) and dehydrogenase (117.89 ± 1.86 and 121.44 ± 1.00 mg TPF g−1 dry soil d−1) in 2018 and 2019, respectively, upon irrigation with saline water compared with non-treated control. PGPR + biochar supplementation mitigated the hazardous impacts of saline water on maize plants grown in sodic-saline soil better than biochar or PGPR individually (PGPR + biochar > biochar > PGPR). The highest values of leaf area index, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, total soluble sugar (TSS), relative water content, K+ and K+/Na+ of maize plants corresponded to PGPR + biochar treatment. These findings could be guidelines for cultivating not only maize but other cereal crops particularly in salt-affected soil and sodic-saline soil.

MAGNETISM AND PLANT GROWTH: III. EFFECT ON GERMINATION AND EARLY GROWTH OF CORN AND BEANS

1965 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 549-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. J. Pittman
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L

Speed of germination and seedling growth of corn Zea mays L. and beans Phaseolus vulgaris L. were affected by pregermination exposure of the dry seed to an introduced magnetic field. Seed orientation and duration of pregermination exposure as well as temperature and seed orientation during germination affected total visible seedling growth. An endogenous, non-circadian growth response is indicated.

scholarly journals Seed Biopriming with Microbial Inoculant Triggers Local and Systemic Defense Responses against Rhizoctonia solani Causing Banded Leaf and Sheath Blight in Maize (Zea mays L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shailendra Singh ◽  
Udai B. Singh ◽  
Deepti Malviya ◽  
Surinder Paul ◽  
Pramod Kumar Sahu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Sheath Blight ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Culture Suspension ◽  
Maize Plants

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain MF-30 isolated from maize rhizosphere was characterized for several plant growth stimulating attributes. The strain MF-30 was also evaluated for antifungal properties against Rhizoctonia solani causing banded leaf and sheath blight in maize (Zea mays L.) under in vitro conditions and was found to have higher mycelial growth suppression in the culture suspension (67.41%) followed by volatile organic compounds (62.66%) and crude extract (51.20%) in a dual plate assay. The endophytic and epiphytic colonization ability was tested using Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP)-tagging. Visualization through confocal scanning laser microscope clearly indicated that strain MF-30 colonizes the root and foliar parts of the plants. Further, the effects of seed bio-priming with P. aeruginosa MF-30 was evaluated in the induction and bioaccumulation of defense-related biomolecules, enzymes, natural antioxidants, and other changes in maize under pot trial. This not only provided protection from R. solani but also ensured growth promotion under pathogenic stress conditions in maize. The maximum concentration of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was reported in the root and shoot of the plants treated with R. solani alone (8.47 and 17.50 mmol mg−1 protein, respectively) compared to bioagent, P. aeruginosa MF-30 bio-primed plants (3.49 and 7.50 mmol mg−1 protein, respectively). Effects on total soluble sugar content, total protein, and total proline were also found to enhanced significantly due to inoculation of P. aeruginosa MF-30. The activities of anti-oxidative defense enzymes phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), ascorbate peroxidase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase increased significantly in the plants bio-primed with P. aeruginosa MF-30 and subsequent foliar spray of culture suspension of MF-30 compared to pathogen alone inoculated plants. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that seed bio-priming and foliar application of P. aeruginosa MF-30 significantly increased the expression of PR-1 and PR-10 genes with the simultaneous decrease in the disease severity and lesion length in the maize plants under pathogenic stress conditions. A significant enhancement of shoot and root biomass was recorded in MF-30 bio-primed plants as compared to untreated control (p < 0.05). Significant increase in plant growth and antioxidant content, as well as decreased disease severity in the P. aeruginosa MF-30 bio-primed plants, suggested the possibility of an eco-friendly and economical means of achieving antioxidants-rich, healthier maize plants.

scholarly journals Effects of Amending Phosphatic Fertilizers with Clinoptilolite Zeolite on Phosphorus Availability and Its Fractionation in an Acid Soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3162
Author(s):  
Nur Aainaa Hasbullah ◽  
Osumanu Haruna Ahmed ◽  
Nik Muhamad Ab Majid
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Pot Trials ◽  
Use Efficiency

Soils of the tropics are highly weathered, acidic, and low in phosphorus (P) because of high contents of Al and Fe. Satisfactory P supply is essential to ensure optimum soil and crop productivity. Thus, there is a need for amending soils with zeolite to improve availability of P in acid soils as this mineral can fix Fe and Al instead of P. This study was undertaken to determine the transformations of P fertilizers in acid soils following application of Clinoptilolite zeolite (CZ) in laboratory (incubation) and pot trials. An acid soil was incubated with a recommended fertilization rate and a reduced amount of the existing recommended fertilization by 25% but substituting this reduction with an equivalent amount of CZ. Triple superphosphate (TSP), Egypt Rock phosphate (ERP), and Christmas Island Rock phosphate (CIRP) were used as P sources. Selected soil chemical properties, inorganic P fractions, available P, and total P of the native soil were determined before and after the laboratory and pot trials. Zea mays L. (test crop) plant dry matter production, P concentration, P uptake, and P use efficiency were also determined using standard procedures. Effects of the treatments with CZ compared to the recommended fertilization on P fixation were similar. In the laboratory study, the treatments with TSP showed lower dominance of Fe–P but more pronounced in Al–P, whereas for the RPs, Ca–P was dominant. In the pot study, Al–P, Ca–P, and Fe–P were rather pronounced in the treatments with TSP, ERP, and CIRP, respectively. There was a decrease in exchangeable Al and soil titratable acidity because of the ability of the CZ to increase soil pH. Although the availability of P was not significant with the inclusion of CZ in the incubation study, dry matter production, P concentration, P uptake, and P use efficiency in the pot trial were comparable with that of the existing/recommended fertilization, suggesting that the CZ is beneficial and could be used to reduce the P fertilizer requirement for Zea mays L. cultivation on acid soils. Regardless of type of P fertilizer, prevalence of the moderately labile P fractions (Al–P, Fe–P, and Ca–P) of the incubation and pot studies acted as slow-release P sources to contribute to long-term P release. Further studies on the potential of CZ to reduce fertilization and its effects on soil and crop productivity are essential. It is also important to determine the economic benefits of including CZ in Zea mays L. cultivation.

Effects of boron on the physiological activity of zinc in maize

1978 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 739 ◽  
Author(s):  
DR Leece
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Physiological Activity ◽  
Normal Field ◽  
Manganese Zinc ◽  
Zinc Fertilization ◽  
Field Situation ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Boron Fertilization

When maize plants were grown in pots in a glasshouse for 30 days on a black earth soil, plants developed symptoms of zinc deficiency and responded to zinc fertilization, yet the tops contained normal levels of zinc. It was assumed that much of the zinc accumulated in plant tops was physiologically inactive. The condition was not caused by phosphorus/zinc, iron/zinc, copper/zinc, or manganese/zinc imbalances, but was associated with marginally deficient boron levels in experiments conducted in late autumn when light intensity was low. In one such experiment, boron fertilization (1 µg/g) prevented the inactivation of zinc and increased plant growth. However, in experiments conducted in spring when light intensity approximated the normal field situation more closely, boron levels were normal and boron fertilization (5 µg/g) had no effect on plant growth and failed to prevent zinc inactivation. Thus, it is unlikely that zinc inactivation under normal field conditions is caused by marginally deficient boron levels.

scholarly journals RESPON PERTUMBUHAN JAGUNG TERHADAP PEMBERIAN PUPUK-PUPUK NPK, UREA, SP-36, DAN KCL

EUGENIA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tilda Titah ◽  
Joko Purbopuspito
Keyword(s):  
Growth Response ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Npk Fertilizer ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
The Given ◽  
Building Plant

ABSTRACT Potted trial for understanding Maize (Zea mays, L.) growth responses on the given dosage of 100 kg N/ha of NPK and Urea, 100 kg P/ha of SP-36, and 100 kg K/ha KCl fertilizers growing on Latosol Kalasey was conducted in six replicates until the plants reaching 8 weeks old at the backyard of Soil Department building. Plant height and number of mature leaves increased significantly with age of Maize plants, but the plant responses on given fertilizers did not significantly different.  Fresh weight dan oven-dry weight of Maize stalk did also show similar trend due to given fertilizers; however, application of singular fertilizers, such as: Urea, SP-36 and KCl gave relatively higher results in contrast to the compound NPK fertilizer.  Urea tend to increase succulence of Maize plants. Keywords: maize, growth response, NPK, Urea, SP-36, KCl, fertilizers

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document