Distribution of the tammar, Macropus eugenii, and the relationships of populations as determined by cranial morphometrics

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 625 ◽  
Author(s):  
WE Poole ◽  
JT Wood ◽  
NG Simms
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Spanning Trees ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Canonical Variate ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Mahalanobis Distances ◽  
Island Populations ◽  
Morphometric Analyses ◽  
Subsequent Calculation

Apparently once widespread throughout dense thickets in south-western Australia, the tammar is now much restricted in its distribution. On mainland Australia, isolated populations still persist in Western Australia, but in South Australia, where there is little remaining evidence to confirm that it extended beyond Eyre Peninsula, the wallaby is probably close to extinction. All originally recorded populations on five islands in Western Australia remain, but in South Australia all natural island populations, other than those on Kangaroo I., appear to be extinct. Morphometric analyses of crania representative of most known populations provide a means of assessing their relationships. Canonical variate analysis, the derivation of Mahalanobis distances and subsequent calculation of minimum spanning trees supported the existence of affinities within three major regional groups-a group predominantly from Western Australia, a group from Kangaroo and Greenly Is, South Australia, and a group from New Zealand-all apparently related via a population from Eyre Peninsula, presumably representative of a former widespread mainland population. By cranial criteria, feral tammars established in New Zealand are South Australian in origin although probably not introduced from Kangaroo I.

Podospora excentrica. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
South America ◽  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
New South ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
South Australia ◽  
South Wales

Abstract A description is provided for Podospora excentrica. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, dispersal and transmission, habitats and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (South America (Venezuela), Atlantic Ocean (Portugal (Madeira)), Australasia (Australia (New South Wales, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia)), New Zealand, Europe (Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, UK)).

Phytoplasma australiense. [Distribution map].

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
New South ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
South Wales ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Vitis Spp

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Phytoplasma australiense [Candidatus] R.E. Davis et al. Bacteria: Phytoplasmas Hosts: Grapevine (Vitis spp.), pawpaw (Carica papaya) and Phormium tenax. Information is given on the geographical distribution in OCEANIA, Australia, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia, New Zealand.

Geoglossum cookeanum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
New Hampshire ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
South Australia

Abstract A description is provided for Geoglossum cookeanum. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, habitats, dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (North America (Mexico and USA (Kentucky, Michigan, New Hampshire and Tenesse)), Asia (Georgia, India (Uttarakhand) and China (Guizhou, Heilongjiang, Jilin and Yunnan)), Australasia (Australia (South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia) and New Zealand), Europe (Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and UK)). No reports of negative economic impacts of this fungus have been found.

Genetic structure of the western pygmy possum, Cercartetus concinnus Gould (Marsupialia: Burramyidae) based on mitochondrial DNA

2007 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 191 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J.L. Pestell ◽  
S.J.B. Cooper ◽  
K. Saint ◽  
S. Petit
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Disjunct Distribution ◽  
Genetic Connectivity ◽  
Phylogeographic Structure ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Evolutionarily Significant Unit ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

Cercartetus concinnus Gould (Marsupialia: Burramyidae) has a spatially disjunct distribution, with a broad stretch of saltbush on the Nullarbor Plain forming an apparent barrier between the population: one in southern Western Australia, and another in south-eastern Australia, encompassing South Australia, Victoria, and New South Wales. This disjunct distribution and slight differences in morphology between western and eastern populations have led to conjecture about the taxonomy of this species. This study assessed the taxonomic status of C. concinnus across southern Australia. Analyses using the mitochondrial (mtDNA) ND4 gene showed little phylogeographic structure throughout the wide range of C. concinnus in southern Australia; closely related haplotypes (~0.1% sequence divergence) had a wide distribution from Western Australia to South Australia, suggesting recent genetic connectivity. These data indicate that C. concinnus populations represent a single taxonomic unit (Evolutionarily Significant Unit) throughout the geographic range. Further research is required to assess the impact of recent population fragmentation and whether an erosion of genetic variation in isolated populations has occurred.

Serum protein variation in southern fur seals, Arctocephalus spp., in relation to their taxonomy

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 331 ◽  
Author(s):  
PD Shaughnessy
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Serum Protein ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Protein Variation ◽  
Fur Seals

Examination of serum samples from Arctocephalus spp. from southern Australia, New Zealand, and Macquarie I. revealed six transferrin types, which were assumed to be the products of four allelic genes, and two phenotypes of a haem-binding protein. Seals from South Neptune Is., Cape du Couedic, and the Recherche Archipelago were identical on these criteria; while those from Victoria were identical with those of Tasmania. This division is consistent with previous conclusions based on skull characters. The names there suggested for these two groups were A, forsteri and A. doriferus respectively. Transferrin types of New Zealand and Macquarie I. A. forsteri were not identical with those of Australian A. forsteri. It is suggested that fur seals may have been exterminated from South Australia and Western Australia and that recolonization was from New Zealand. Alternatively, these differences may indicate the existence of more than one species in these populations.

Effects of genetic and environmental factors on growth of southern calamary, Sepioteuthis australis, from southern Australia and northern New Zealand

2004 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lianos Triantafillos
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Mantle Length ◽  
Hybrid Vigour ◽  
Genetic Types ◽  
Spatial Differences ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

Extreme plasticity in growth is consistently found by ageing studies on squid. This study examined the contribution that genetic and environmental factors had on growth of the southern calamary, Sepioteuthis australis, from sites in southern Western Australia, South Australia and New Zealand. A total of 147 adults, comprising three sympatric genetic types (two parental taxa and one hybrid), were aged by counting microincrements in statoliths. Estimates of age ranged from 121 to 268 days and varied with mantle length, sex, genetic type and region. Males grew much faster and attained a larger size than females. Significant differences were also detected between genetic types, with the hybrids always growing faster (at least 60% larger at 150 days old) than the two parental taxa, a phenomenon commonly referred to as hybrid vigour. Spatial differences in growth were also detected, with individuals from Western Australia usually growing faster than those from South Australia and New Zealand. Possible explanations for these growth patterns are discussed.

Changes in the abundance of New Zealand fur seals, Arctocephalus forsteri, in Western Australia

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 165 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. Gales ◽  
B. Haberley ◽  
P. Collins
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Absolute Abundance ◽  
Abundance Estimate ◽  
Fur Seals ◽  
Fur Seal ◽  
Rate Of Increase

New Zealand fur seals, Arctocephalus forsteri, have been increasing in abundance in South Australia for at least the past three decades. A survey of New Zealand fur seals during the 1989/90 breeding season determined that about 20% of the Australian population bred at 16 sites in Western Australia, amounting to 1429 pups and an absolute abundance estimate of 7100 fur seals. A further survey of all fur seal colonies in Western Australia to determine current pup production and abundance estimates, and trends in pup production since the previous survey was undertaken in January 1999. Of the 17 breeding sites now known in Western Australia, 16 were surveyed and pup production had increased at all but one. The rate of change in pup production at the one unsurveyed site (West Island), was estimated as being equivalent to the mean rate of change at other sites. The estimated mean annual, exponential rate of increase (r) for all sites was 0.09, equivalent to a 9.8% annual increase in pup production and an overall increase in pup production in Western Australia of 113.3% between surveys. Total annual pup production has increased to 3090. The estimate of absolute abundance of New Zealand fur seals in Western Australia is now 15 100, in contrast to the 7100 estimated for the 1989/90 season. Mortality of pups at the time of the survey was estimated to be at least 1.3%. It is predicted that New Zealand fur seal populations will continue to increase in Western Australia. This is likely to have important management implications regarding aquaculture and fisheries activities. The increase in fur seal populations appears to be in contrast to populations of Australian sea lions, Neophoca cinerea, for which preliminary data show no evidence for a population increase. It is unknown whether the dynamics affecting these two species are related.

Revisions of Australian ground-hunting spiders: IV. The spider subfamily Diaprograptinae subfam. nov. (Araneomorphae: Miturgidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2035 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT J. RAVEN
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Type Species ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Apical Segment ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Southeast Queensland

The newly recognised Diaprograptinae includes the Australian Diaprograpta Simon, 1909, Eupograpta gen. nov., Mituliodon Raven & Stumkat, 2003, Mitzoruga gen. nov., Nuliodon gen. nov., and the New Zealand Zealoctenus Forster & Wilton, 1973. All genera are unique in the Miturgidae s. strict. in the possession of claw tufts, and more equivocally, in the apical segment of the posterior lateral spinnerets, which in Diaprograptinae is not as strongly elongated as in Miturga. Diaprograpta includes the type species, D. striola Simon, 1909 from Western Australia, D. hirsti sp. nov. from South Australia, D. alfredgodfreyi sp. nov. from Victoria, D. peterandrewsi sp. nov. from western Queensland and D. abrahamsae sp. nov. from southeast Queensland. Eupograpta includes E. kottae sp. nov., sympatric with Diaprograpta striola and E. anhat sp. nov., from western Queensland. Mitzoruga gen. nov. is described to accommodate Uliodon marmoreus (Hogg, 1896), M. insularis sp. nov., and M. elapines sp. nov., from xeric regions of Australia. The genus presents a character combination which challenges the boundary between the Miturgidae Simon, 1886 and Zoridae F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1893. Nuliodon gen. nov. includes only N. fishburni sp. nov. from eastern Australia.

Leaf fossils of Proteaceae subfamily Persoonioideae, tribe Persoonieae: tracing the past of an important Australasian sclerophyll lineage

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond J. Carpenter ◽  
Myall Tarran ◽  
Robert S. Hill
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Middle Eocene ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Late Eocene ◽  
Ancestral State ◽  
The Past ◽  
Eucalypt Forests ◽  
Western Australian

Fossils from the Eocene of South Australia and Western Australia and the Oligo–Miocene of Victoria represent the first known Australian leaf fossils of subfamily Persoonioideae, tribe Persoonieae. Persoonieaephyllum blackburnii sp. nov. is described from Middle Eocene Nelly Creek sediments near Lake Eyre, South Australia. Persoonieae are an important clade for understanding vegetation transitions in Australasia. The Nelly Creek leaf fossils are small (~6mm wide) and belong to an assemblage that has some characteristics of open vegetation, which is also inferred for the Oligo–Miocene of the Latrobe Valley, Victoria. In contrast, the Western Australian Late Eocene Persoonieae occur with diverse Lauraceae and other elements now typical of closed rainforests, and may, therefore, have been derived from communities that are unlike those in which most Persoonieae now occur. All fossil Persoonieae leaves so far known are hypostomatic (or virtually so), a state of stomatal distribution now only found in species of reasonably mesic habitats in New Zealand, New Caledonia and eastern Australian eucalypt forests. The ancestral state of stomatal distribution in Persoonieae leaves is unclear, but evidence suggests ancient associations of amphistomaty with open habitats, evolutionary loss of adaxial stomata in more closed vegetation, and the evolution of pronounced xerophylly within south-western Australian heathlands.

Distribution and abundance of New Zealand fur seals, Arctocephalus forsteri, in South Australia and Western Australia

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 667 ◽  
Author(s):  
PD Shaughnessy ◽  
NJ Gales ◽  
TE Dennis ◽  
SD Goldsworthy
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Population Parameters ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Breeding Colony ◽  
Historical Aspects ◽  
Fur Seals ◽  
Great Australian Bight ◽  
Central South

A survey to determine the distribution and abundance of New Zealand fur seals, Arctocephalus forsteri, in South Australia and Western Australia was conducted in January-March 1990. Minor surveys were conducted in the summers of 1987-88, 1988-89 and 1990-91. Although the surveys were primarily of black pups in breeding colonies, opportunity was taken to count fur seals of all age-classes, including those in non-breeding colonies. Pups were counted and, in more accessible and larger colonies, numbers of pups were estimated by a mark-recapture technique. The latter technique gave higher estimates than counting, and was considered more accurate. In South Australia, the seals extend from The Pages in Backstairs Passage to Nuyts Reef in the Great Australian Bight. In Western Australia, the range comprised islands on the south coast from the Recherche Archipelago to islands near Cape Leeuwin. There are 29 breeding localities; 13 are in South Australia and 16 in Western Australia. Eighteen of these have not been reported previously. The term ''breeding locality'' is used for aggregations of breeding colonies as well as for isolated breeding colonies. Estimates of the number of pups for the 1989-90 breeding season were 5636 in South Australia and 1429 in Western Australia. This leads to a population estimate of approximately 34600 seals in these two states (using a multiplier of 4.9). But such estimates of overall abundance must be treated cautiously as the multiplier incorporates estimates of population parameters not available for A. forsteri. Most of the population (77%) is in central South Australian waters (from Kangaroo Island to the southern end of Eyre Peninsula). With the estimate of 100 for a breeding colony in southern Tasmania, the population of New Zealand fur seals in Australia can be estimated at 34700. Historical aspects of some colonies are outlined and evidence for increases described. The largest breeding localities are at South Neptune Islands (1964 pups) and North Neptune Islands (1472). The combined Neptunes group accounts for 49% of the pup estimate for Australia. One-fifth of the pups are from colonies on Kangaroo Island and the nearby Casuarinas.

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