scholarly journals First genealogy for a wild marine fish population reveals multigenerational philopatry

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (46) ◽  
pp. 13245-13250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Océane C. Salles ◽  
Benoit Pujol ◽  
Jeffrey A. Maynard ◽  
Glenn R. Almany ◽  
Michael L. Berumen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Fish ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Fish Population ◽  
Pedigree Analysis ◽  
Marine Fishes ◽  
Natal Philopatry ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Related Individuals

Natal philopatry, the return of individuals to their natal area for reproduction, has advantages and disadvantages for animal populations. Natal philopatry may generate local genetic adaptation, but it may also increase the probability of inbreeding that can compromise persistence. Although natal philopatry is well documented in anadromous fishes, marine fish may also return to their birth site to spawn. How philopatry shapes wild fish populations is, however, unclear because it requires constructing multigenerational pedigrees that are currently lacking for marine fishes. Here we present the first multigenerational pedigree for a marine fish population by repeatedly genotyping all individuals in a population of the orange clownfish (Amphiprion percula) at Kimbe Island (Papua New Guinea) during a 10-y period. Based on 2927 individuals, our pedigree analysis revealed that longitudinal philopatry was recurrent over five generations. Progeny tended to settle close to their parents, with related individuals often sharing the same colony. However, successful inbreeding was rare, and genetic diversity remained high, suggesting occasional inbreeding does not impair local population persistence. Local reproductive success was dependent on the habitat larvae settled into, rather than the habitat they came from. Our study suggests that longitudinal philopatry can influence both population replenishment and local adaptation of marine fishes. Resolving multigenerational pedigrees during a relatively short period, as we present here, provides a framework for assessing the ability of marine populations to persist and adapt to accelerating climate change.

LACTOSE-FERMENTING BACTERIA FROM THE INTESTINAL CONTENTS OF MARINE FISH

1933 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 291-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
NORMAN E. GIBBONS
Keyword(s):  
Marine Fish ◽  
Marine Fishes ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Intestinal Contents ◽  
Fermenting Bacteria ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Contaminated Waters

From 112 marine fishes examined for the presence of lactose-fermenting bacteria, 31 strains were isolated which produced acid and gas in this sugar and 3 which produced acid only.Ten strains belonged to the genus Aerobacter, 8 being Aer. aerogenes and 2 probably varieties of Aer. cloacae. Nine were soil types and the relationship of one was doubtful.Of 24 Escherichia types, 8 were faecal mammalian strains and one was doubtful. These belonged to the species Esch. coli, Esch. communior, Esch. grünthali and Bact. immobilis. One was found in a haddock taken 3 miles offshore; the others were found in fish taken in contaminated waters or near shore.Esch. coli, Esch. communior and Aer. aerogenes are not normal inhabitants of the intestinal tracts of marine fish.

scholarly journals An updated list of monogenoidea from marine fishes of Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Manh Hung ◽  
Nguyen Van Ha ◽  
Ha Duy Ngo
Keyword(s):  
Marine Fish ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Marine Fishes ◽  
Marine Fish Species ◽  
Monogenean Species ◽  
System A ◽  
Current Classification ◽  
Current Classification System

In this paper, we updated the list of monogenean species from marine fishes of Vietnam. Taxonomic position of monogenean species were arranged according to the current classification system. A total of 220 monogenean species from 152 marine fish species were listed. Distribution, hosts and references of each species were given. In addition, amendations of taxonomic status of taxa were also updated.  

scholarly journals Natal philopatry increases relatedness within groups of coral reef cardinalfish

2020 ◽  
Vol 287 (1930) ◽  
pp. 20201133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa Rueger ◽  
Hugo B. Harrison ◽  
Peter M. Buston ◽  
Naomi M. Gardiner ◽  
Michael L. Berumen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Ecology ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Natal Philopatry ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Limited Dispersal ◽  
Weak Negative Correlation ◽  
Related Individuals ◽  
Differential Reproductive Success

A central issue in evolutionary ecology is how patterns of dispersal influence patterns of relatedness in populations. In terrestrial organisms, limited dispersal of offspring leads to groups of related individuals. By contrast, for most marine organisms, larval dispersal in open waters is thought to minimize kin associations within populations. However, recent molecular evidence and theoretical approaches have shown that limited dispersal, sibling cohesion and/or differential reproductive success can lead to kin association and elevated relatedness. Here, we tested the hypothesis that limited dispersal explains small-scale patterns of relatedness in the pajama cardinalfish Sphaeramia nematoptera . We used 19 microsatellite markers to assess parentage of 233 juveniles and pairwise relatedness among 527 individuals from 41 groups in Kimbe Bay, Papua New Guinea. Our findings support three predictions of the limited dispersal hypothesis: (i) elevated relatedness within groups, compared with among groups and elevated relatedness within reefs compared with among reefs; (ii) a weak negative correlation of relatedness with distance; (iii) more juveniles than would be expected by chance in the same group and the same reef as their parents. We provide the first example for natal philopatry at the group level causing small-scale patterns of genetic relatedness in a marine fish.

scholarly journals Relatedness within and among northern long-eared bat (Myotis septentrionalis) colonies at a local scale

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (8) ◽  
pp. 724-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miluska Olivera-Hyde ◽  
Alexander Silvis ◽  
Eric M. Hallerman ◽  
W. Mark Ford ◽  
Eric R. Britzke
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Area ◽  
Natal Philopatry ◽  
High Turnover ◽  
Myotis Septentrionalis ◽  
North Central ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Genotypic Cluster ◽  
Related Individuals ◽  
Natal Home ◽  
Best Fit

We assessed parentage within and among maternity colonies of northern long-eared bats (Myotis septentrionalis (Trouessart, 1897)) in north-central Kentucky, USA, from 2011 to 2013 to examine colony social structure, formation, and membership dynamics. We intensively sampled colonies in close and remote (>10 km) proximity before and after targeted day-roost removal. Colonies were not necessarily composed of closely related individuals, although natal philopatry was common. Adjacent colonies often contained maternally related individuals, indicating that some pups did disperse, albeit not far from their natal home range. Whereas some young had been sired by males also collected on site, most had not, as would be expected since the species mates in fall near hibernacula across a wider landscape. The number of parentages that we inferred among colonies, however, suggests that outside the maternity season, social groups may be relatively flexible and open. Analysis of microsatellite DNA data showed a low FST (0.011) and best fit to a model of one multilocus genotypic cluster across the study area. We observed high turnover in colony membership between years in all colonies, regardless of roost-removal treatment. Our results suggest that female northern long-eared bats exhibit fidelity to a general geographic area and complex, dynamic social–genetic structure.

Investment attitude of millennials towards cryptocurrencies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vibha Suhas Bhilawadikar ◽  
Ema Garg
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Digital World ◽  
Risk Appetite ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Retail Investors ◽  
Positive Return ◽  
Interest Levels

PurposeThis study presents research on the awareness and aspirations of millennials towards different investment asset classes with a special focus on cryptocurrencies. Cryptocurrencies are technology dependent digital money systems which have created a buzz in the financial markets in a very short period of time. Digital currencies like Bitcoin, Ethereum, Ripple, Bitcoin Cash, etc., are considered as a new investment asset category that seems to be associated with high risk and return. There are a number of advantages and disadvantages associated with them, but countries, like Japan and the US, have accepted them for some types of transaction, however, India, one of the five largest emerging economies of 2018, has still not accepted them. In spite of government and regulatory inertia towards cryptocurrencies, we have found that awareness and aspiration to invest in this category among millennials is increasing. The objective of this paper is to understand the investment attitudes of millennial investors towards the desire to invest in cryptocurrencies given the disposition of this generation towards the digital world and technologies.Study designThis study is conducted in Mumbai to assess the interest levels in this category especially among the millennial generation. This is a primary research study and data has been collected via face-to-face interviews, and a structured questionnaire, with suitable open-ended questions, involving 100 millennial retail investors in Mumbai, and a random sampling method. The participants were aware of the risk level of the selected financial products. Descriptive statistics and advance analysis techniques, such as correlation, factor and multiple regression analysis, were used as tools to describe relationships in the investment category, to decipher the pattern of the decision-making process among millennials with respect to investment in different categories of financial products.FindingsThe underlying motivation for any financial investment is growth and appreciation of value at an expected rate of return. It is this motivation that needs to be managed by any financial planner, and this is the foundational finding of our research with respect to cryptocurrencies. This study provides information to regulators, recommending adoption of cryptocurrencies within a regulated structure in India.LimitationsThis study has been conducted in Mumbai only.ImplicationsThe fundamental objective of any investment is a positive return and that positive return has to be well managed by governments, regulators and financial marketers.ContributionThis study presents new evidence given the changes that have occurred recently in the financial markets and also highlights the variables that could be determining factors of risk appetite/tolerance for millennial retail investors. It clearly highlights that financial literacy and maturity of millennial investors will drive interest levels in a particular asset class. Prior knowledge about the level of diffusion and adoption of cryptocurrencies as a new asset among Indian millennials will help in creating a relevant policy framework. This will also help in creating a society-safety network among rising digital communities. This is a potentially transparent technological solution that can facilitate many financial solutions such as investments, remittances, and innovative ways to build financial inclusion in society.

Ontogenetic and sex-specific differences in density-dependent habitat selection of a marine fish population

Ecology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerio Bartolino ◽  
Lorenzo Ciannelli ◽  
Nathan M. Bacheler ◽  
Kung-Sik Chan
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Selection ◽  
Marine Fish ◽  
Fish Population ◽  
Density Dependent ◽  
Density Dependent Habitat Selection ◽  
Selection Of

NONADDITIVE EFFECTS OF THE ENVIRONMENT ON THE SURVIVAL OF A LARGE MARINE FISH POPULATION

Ecology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 85 (12) ◽  
pp. 3418-3427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Ciannelli ◽  
Kung-Sik Chan ◽  
Kevin M. Bailey ◽  
Nils Chr. Stenseth
Keyword(s):  
Marine Fish ◽  
Fish Population ◽  
Nonadditive Effects

Habitat selection by European badgers at multiple spatial scales in Portuguese Mediterranean ecosystems

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria J. Santos ◽  
Paul Beier
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Selection ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Mediterranean Ecosystems ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Habitat Features ◽  
Agricultural Conversion ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
European Badgers

Different habitat features can limit animal populations at different spatial scales. We examined habitat selection by Eurasian badger in a montado landscape in southern Portugal at four scales: core area (1 km2), home range (4 km2), social group territory (25 km2), and local population (100 km2). Our goals were to identify important habitats for conservation at each spatial scale (cell size) using candidate variables shown to be important by previous research. As expected, across all scales, badger occurrence was consistently and strongly correlated with dominance of cork oak and deciduous woodlands, and badgers seemed to avoid cultivated fields. Contrary to expectation, monocultures of conifers contributed positively to badger detection. The predictive ability of the models was poor at all scales, probably owing to our inability to include factors such as food, competitors, predators, undercover vegetation, and roads. Nonetheless, the models illustrate the importance to badgers of the montado, an ancient human-modified ecosystem that is threatened by current European Union agricultural conversion policies.

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