scholarly journals Correction for Holl et al., Scavenging nucleic acid debris to combat autoimmunity and infectious disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (42) ◽  
pp. E6545-E6545 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Nucleic Acid

scholarly journals Magnetic Particles for Advanced Molecular Diagnosis

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 2158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Chircov ◽  
Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu ◽  
Alina Maria Holban
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Molecular Diagnosis ◽  
Magnetic Particles ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Laboratory Medicine ◽  
Clinical Reality

Molecular diagnosis is the field that aims to develop nucleic-acid-based analytical methods for biological markers and gene expression assessments by combining laboratory medicine and molecular genetics. As it gradually becomes a clinical reality, molecular diagnosis could benefit from improvements resulting from thorough studies that could enhance the accuracy of these methods. The application of magnetic particles in molecular diagnosis tools has led to tremendous breakthroughs in terms of specificity, sensitivity, and discrimination in bioassays. Therefore, the aim of this review is to highlight the principles involved in the implementation of magnetic particles for sample preparation and targeted analyte isolation, purification, and extraction. Furthermore, the most recent advancements in the area of cancer and infectious disease diagnosis are presented, with an emphasis on screening and early stage detection.

scholarly journals Portable sequencer in the fight against infectious disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Elia Mongan ◽  
Josef Sem Berth Tuda ◽  
Lucky Ronald Runtuwene
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Disease Management ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
The World ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Infectious disease is still a major threat in the world today. Five decades ago, it was considered soon to be eradicated, but the adaptation of pathogens to environmental pressure, such as antimicrobials, encouraged the emergence and reemergence of infectious disease. The fight with infectious disease starts with prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Diagnosis can be upheld by observing the cause of disease under the microscope or detecting the presence of nucleic acid and proteins of the pathogens. The molecular techniques span from classical polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to sequencing the nucleic acid composition. Here, we are reviewing the works have been undertaken to utilize a portable sequencer, MinION, in various aspects of infectious disease management.

Extra-Cellular DNA in Cord Blood (CB) Plasma: Use for Sample Identification [short Tandem Repeat (STR) Analysis] and for Infectious Disease Screening in CB Banks.

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 1901-1901
Author(s):  
Maria S. Albano ◽  
Linda Andrus ◽  
Dong H. Lee ◽  
Cladd E. Stevens ◽  
Pablo Rubinstein
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Disease Screening ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Str Analysis ◽  
Hla Dr ◽  
Alu Sequence ◽  
Cellular Dna

Abstract Introduction: A commitment of CB banks is to test CB units and maternal blood for multiple genetic and infectious disease markers. As a consequence, several aliquots of blood, mononuclear cells and plasma are taken during processing for immediate and delayed testing. Whereas control of identity between aliquots containing cells can be performed by DNA assays, identity controls for plasma aliquots rely only on bar-coded label systems. We hypothesize that there is soluble extra-cellular DNA (EC-DNA) and that it can be used for identity control of plasma aliquots. The aims of our study were; to determine the concentration of EC-DNA in CB-plasma, to evaluate whether genetic identity testing by STR analysis is feasible and to investigate whether EC-DNA allows infectious disease screening by nucleic acid testing (NAT). Methods: CB (n=20) was collected, processed (Rubinstein et al, PNAS 1995) and EC-DNA from 200 μl of 0.45μm-filtered plasma was extracted both with the Qiagen and the High Pure Viral Nucleic Acid method (Roche). Presence of EC-DNA was evaluated by detection of HLA-DR and ALU gene sequences and by STR analysis (AmpFlSTR-Profiler Plus-Applied Biosystems). Purified HBV was added to CB and peripheral blood (PB) plasma, EC-DNA recovered as above and HBV-DNA assessed by real time PCR. Results: All 20 samples were positive for HLA-DR by PCR and for ALU sequence by real time PCR, confirming the presence of EC-DNA in CB-plasma in concentrations of 0.022 +/− 0.012 ng/μl at the time of CB collection, rising to 0.124 +/− 0.025 ng/μl 33 hrs later; p<0.016. Concentrations observed in CB-plasma were higher than those of adult donor plasma (PB-plasma 0.005+/−0.0065 ng/μl). STR analysis was validated on cellular DNA and, when applied for EC-DNA, showed good signal strengths and low backgrounds, allowing accurate automatic allele identification with no manual corrections (genemapper software, Applied Biosystems). An increase in STR-PCR product concentration was observed when we analyzed EC-DNA samples from CB after 33hs (7017.6 +/− 2014 RFU/μl at time of CB collection and 30290.9 +/− 3164 RFU/μl after 33 hs; RFU = relative fluorescence units). HBV was recovered from all spiked units, in correspondence with the viral concentrations added. Recovery of HBV was 96 +/− 21% with high and low viral concentrations. Three mothers with HBAg/HBcore positive had also HBV-DNA in PB-plasma. Six with anti-HBcore only and 70 with anti-HBs were negative. HBV-DNA was also negative in CB-plasma for all seventy nine respective newborns. Conclusions: there is infant EC-DNA in CB-plasma and viral nucleic acids can be obtained using the same extraction method. There is an increase of EC-DNA in CB over time that may reflect cell death. STR assay of EC-DNA can be a useful molecular tool for the identification of plasma aliquots used for infectious disease testing in CB banks.

scholarly journals Outcomes from an infectious disease physician-guided evaluation of hospitalized persons under investigation for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) at a large US academic medical center

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Caitlin M. Dugdale ◽  
Sarah E. Turbett ◽  
Suzanne M. McCluskey ◽  
Kimon C. Zachary ◽  
Erica S. Shenoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Small Proportion ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Academic Medical Center ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Infectious Disease Physician ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests ◽  
Academic Medical ◽  
Respiratory Coronavirus

Abstract We describe an approach to the evaluation and isolation of hospitalized persons under investigation (PUIs) for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) at a large US academic medical center. Only a small proportion (2.9%) of PUIs with 1 or more repeated severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) after a negative NAAT were diagnosed with COVID-19.

A fully-integrated and automated testing device for PCR-free viral nucleic acid detection in whole blood

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 1928-1935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenhan Liu ◽  
Jagotamoy Das ◽  
Adam H. Mepham ◽  
Carine R. Nemr ◽  
Edward H. Sargent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Automated Testing ◽  
Nucleic Acid Detection ◽  
Nucleic Acid Testing ◽  
Testing Device ◽  
Viral Nucleic Acid ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Integrated Devices

Integrated devices for automated nucleic acid testing (NAT) are critical for infectious disease diagnosis to be performed outside of centralized laboratories.

scholarly journals The results of nucleic acid testing for viruses in individual donor test and its importance for the safety of blood

Medicina ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vytenis Kalibatas
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Blood Donations ◽  
Disease Marker ◽  
Disease Markers ◽  
First Time ◽  
Individual Donor

The aim of the study was to evaluate the results of nucleic acid testing for viruses in an individual donor test in National Blood Center; the objectives – to analyze the prevalence of infectious disease markers per 100 seronegative remunerated and non-remunerated, first-time and regular whole-blood donations and to assess the odds ratio in detecting the infectious disease markers among remunerated and non-remunerated donations. Materials and methods. All seronegative (for compulsory hepatitis B surface antigen, antibodies against hepatitis C, and antibodies against HIV-1/2 tests) whole-blood donations were tested by Procleix Ultrio (Tigris, Chiron) system at the National Blood Center in 2005–2007 in order to identify HIV-1, hepatitis C, and hepatitis B viruses. Results. There were 152229 seronegative whole-blood donations tested by nucleic acid test of viruses in individual donor tests (ID-NAT). In 152146 cases, no infectious disease marker was found, and in 83 cases (or 0.05% of all seronegative whole blood donations), infectious disease markers were determined and confirmed. The prevalences of hepatitis C virus (determined by HCV-NAT method) per 100 seronegative blood donations were as follows: 0.061 among first-time remunerated donations and 0.042 among regular remunerated donations. The prevalences of hepatitis B virus (determined by HBV-NAT method) per 100 seronegative blood donations were as follows: 0.111 among first-time remunerated donations, 0.062 among regular remunerated donations, 0.014 among first-time non-remunerated donations, and 0.005 among regular non-remunerated donations. The remunerated donations showed the higher odds ratios in determining the infectious disease marker by ID-NAT test, comparing with non-remunerated ones. Conclusions. 1. The prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses, determined by ID-NAT test, per 100 seronegative whole-blood donations is statistically significantly higher in remunerated donations. 2. The remunerated donations had the higher odds ratios in determining the infectious disease marker by ID-NAT test, comparing with non-remunerated ones. 3. In order to maximize the safety of blood and blood products, the continuity of promotion of non-remunerated whole-blood donations program should be ensured, and a compulsory blood donor testing for nucleic acids of viruses in an individual donor test should be introduced.

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