scholarly journals Skill networks and measures of complex human capital

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (48) ◽  
pp. 12720-12724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharine A. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Additional Insight ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Insight Into

We propose a network-based method for measuring worker skills. We illustrate the method using data from an online freelance website. Using the tools of network analysis, we divide skills into endogenous categories based on their relationship with other skills in the market. Workers who specialize in these different areas earn dramatically different wages. We then show that, in this market, network-based measures of human capital provide additional insight into wages beyond traditional measures. In particular, we show that workers with diverse skills earn higher wages than those with more specialized skills. Moreover, we can distinguish between two different types of workers benefiting from skill diversity: jacks-of-all-trades, whose skills can be applied independently on a wide range of jobs, and synergistic workers, whose skills are useful in combination and fill a hole in the labor market. On average, workers whose skills are synergistic earn more than jacks-of-all-trades.

scholarly journals Network Analysis Provides Insight into Tomato Lipid Metabolism

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasiya Kuhalskaya ◽  
Micha Wijesingha Ahchige ◽  
Leonardo Perez de Souza ◽  
José Vallarino ◽  
Yariv Brotman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Solanum Pennellii ◽  
Metabolic Network Analysis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Insight Into

Metabolic correlation networks have been used in several instances to obtain a deeper insight into the complexity of plant metabolism as a whole. In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), metabolites have a major influence on taste and overall fruit quality traits. Previously a broad spectrum of metabolic and phenotypic traits has been described using a Solanum pennellii introgression-lines (ILs) population. To obtain insights into tomato fruit metabolism, we performed metabolic network analysis from existing data, covering a wide range of metabolic traits, including lipophilic and volatile compounds, for the first time. We provide a comprehensive fruit correlation network and show how primary, secondary, lipophilic, and volatile compounds connect to each other and how the individual metabolic classes are linked to yield-related phenotypic traits. Results revealed a high connectivity within and between different classes of lipophilic compounds, as well as between lipophilic and secondary metabolites. We focused on lipid metabolism and generated a gene-expression network with lipophilic metabolites to identify new putative lipid-related genes. Metabolite–transcript correlation analysis revealed key putative genes involved in lipid biosynthesis pathways. The overall results will help to deepen our understanding of tomato metabolism and provide candidate genes for transgenic approaches toward improving nutritional qualities in tomato.

scholarly journals Types of Asymmetries in Exporter-Importer Relationships and Alignment Behaviour

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Cagri Talay ◽  
Volkan Alptekin
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Causal Effects ◽  
Dyadic Relationships ◽  
Additional Insight ◽  
Supply Chain Relationships ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Negative Connotation ◽  
Asymmetric Relationships ◽  
Insight Into

<p>The purpose of this paper is to explore the phenomenon of asymmetry in international supply chain relationships and investigate how small exporter firms manage these asymmetric relationships. Prior studies have conceptualized asymmetry as a relationship attribute and concentrated on causal effects of asymmetry in supplier-buyer relationships by highlighting the extensive amount of reasons why asymmetry occurs in dyadic relationships. However, those extensive reasons intent to articulate why asymmetry occurs in relationships, have not provided enough in-depth to understand the complexity of asymmetry in international supply chain relationships, therefore, this study aims to explore the concept of asymmetry by focusing on structure and exercise rather than simply discovering reasons. This research explores the four distinguishable types of relational asymmetry between exporters and importers suggest different implications for international supply chain relationships. As opposed to the existing literature, which has considered and largely agreed that asymmetry is related to a negative connotation, this research suggests that different types of asymmetries also have a positive relational outcome for small export firms. This exploratory paper provides managers with additional insight into the types of asymmetry in international supply chain relationships and suggests that asymmetric relationships must be examined carefully in order to overcome difficulties that distract long-term relationships.</p>

The Factors that Affect Accountants' Decisions to Seek Careers with Big 4 versus Non-Big 4 Accounting Firms

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penelope L. Bagley ◽  
Derek Dalton ◽  
Marc Ortegren
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Accounting Students ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Additional Insight ◽  
Accounting Firms ◽  
Accounting Professionals ◽  
Big 4 ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Insight Into

SYNOPSIS Finding qualified accounting staff has consistently been a top issue facing CPA firms. However, little is known about the factors that influence accountants' decisions to seek careers with different types of firms. In our paper, we use Ajzen's (1991) theory of planned behavior to examine the reasons why some accountants seek careers at Big 4 firms, while other accountants seek careers at non-Big 4 firms. We survey accounting students and find that attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control each influence firm-choice decisions. To provide additional insight into our results, we survey accounting professionals from Big 4 and non-Big 4 accounting firms. We find that, overall, students' perceptions, while more limited, are similar to those of accounting professionals. Further, we find that accounting professionals provide a number of insightful comments that offer several important implications for accounting firms. Finally, we assess whether accounting professionals perceive that certain types of accounting students are more likely to succeed at Big 4 versus non-Big 4 firms, and whether recruiting efforts are consistent with these perceptions. Data Availability: Data are available upon request.

Uncertainty Analysis of a Finite Deformation Viscoelastic Model

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Miles ◽  
Michael Hays ◽  
Ralph Smith ◽  
William S. Oates
Keyword(s):  
Finite Deformation ◽  
Viscoelastic Model ◽  
Large Field ◽  
Additional Insight ◽  
Viscoelastic Models ◽  
Rate Dependent ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Viscoelastic Effects ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Hyperelastic Models

The viscoelasticity of the dielectric elastomer, VHB 4910, is experimentally characterized, modeled, and analyzed using uncertainty quantification. These materials are known for their large field induced deformation and applications in smart structures, although the rate dependent viscoelastic effects are not well understood. To address this issue, we first quantify hyperelastic and viscoelastic model uncertainty by comparing a finite deformation viscoelastic model to uni-axial rate dependent experiments. The utilization of Bayesian statistics is shown to provide additional insight into different viscoelastic processes within elastomers. This is demonstrated by coupling two hyperelastic models, an Ogden model and a nonaffine model, to different types of viscoelastic models.

scholarly journals Good Without God? Connecting Religiosity, Affiliation And Pro-sociality Using World Values Survey Data And Agent-based Simulation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross Gore ◽  
Phil Zuckerman ◽  
Luke W Galen ◽  
David Pollack ◽  
LeRon Shults
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
World Values Survey ◽  
Simulation Experiments ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Insight Into

We investigate the relationships among individuals' religiosity (or secularity), affiliation with like-minded religious others, volunteerism, and trust and tolerance. Using data analysis of the World Values Survey, we pose and answer research questions about the types of individuals who are the most trusting, the most tolerant, and who volunteer the most. We show how distinguishing between different types of volunteer activities and using longitudinal data can provide more insight into these questions. We also use an established agent-based model to generate measures similar to those operationalized in the World Values Survey. We then reproduce the findings of the World Values Survey data analysis and extract the internal dynamics of simulation experiments (under a reasonable parameterization of the model) to provide an explanation for those findings.

scholarly journals Economic Consequences and the Motive to Discriminate

2021 ◽  
pp. 000183922110299
Author(s):  
Bryan K. Stroube
Keyword(s):  
Past Research ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Performance Expectations ◽  
Demographic Traits ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Performance Abilities ◽  
Lending Decisions ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Online Lending

Past research indicates that increasing the economic consequences of evaluations should theoretically discourage discrimination by making it more costly. I theorize that such consequences may also encourage discrimination in settings in which evaluators may be motivated by performance expectations, e.g., stereotypes. I explore this theory using data from an online lending platform whose loan guarantee policy reduced the potential economic consequences of using borrowers’ demographics during lending decisions. I find evidence that with the policy in place, lenders evaluated female borrowers less favorably than male borrowers. This finding is consistent with the theory that the policy discouraged performance-motivated discrimination (that driven by beliefs about performance abilities) and simultaneously encouraged consumption-motivated discrimination (that driven by a like or dislike of others because of their demographic traits). Because I theorize about underlying motives for discrimination, the insights developed here should apply to a wide range of types of discrimination that vary according to these motives, including classic taste-based discrimination, homophily-driven discrimination, statistical discrimination, and status-based discrimination. Economic consequences may therefore represent an important dynamic link between different types of discrimination.

Proactive personality triggers employee resilience: A dual-pathway model

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Yanhan Zhu ◽  
Wenjie Li
Keyword(s):  
Mainland China ◽  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
Proactive Personality ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Dual Pathway ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Many ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Insight Into

The many uncertainties and challenges during an employee's career journey have stimulated growing scholarly interest in developing employee resilience to cope with them. Adopting an intrapersonal perspective, we extended self-determination theory to the resiliencebuilding context and explored the means by which proactive personality influences employee resilience. Using data obtained from a sample of 650 adults employed in workplaces in Mainland China, we found that proactive personality facilitates employee resilience via increasing work-related promotion focus and perceived insider identity. Our results provide insight into the development of employee resilience from a personality perspective through two different types of workrelated motivation. The findings also have practical implications for managers of organizations seeking alternative elements for future employee resilience interventions.

scholarly journals Determining IT Student Profile Using Data Mining and Social Network Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liana Stanca ◽  
Ramona - Lacurezeanu ◽  
Adriana Tiron-Tudor ◽  
Vasile Paul Bresfelean ◽  
Ionut Pandelica
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Realistic Description ◽  
University Curricula ◽  
Using Data ◽  
And Behavior

To become higher competitive a university needs to develop a viable students’ absorption strategy on the labor market. A key to the successful development of such a strategy rests to synchronize jobs descriptions with profiles and behavior of IT students. In order to generate this synchronization, it is essential to identify a way to improve university curricula, learning and teaching process based on the students’ profile and on the labor market needs. In this manner, universities could offer IT companies information about their IT students’ profile and behavior. Our paper proposes a data mining and social network analysis to examine IT students’ skills and behavior in order to generate their actual profile. The results contribute to the development of knowledge concerning the IT graduates’ profile and based on this, a solution that might match the university curricula with the labor market requirements. Finally, the results attempt to provide IT companies with information with the aim of better understanding the IT students’ profile and to create a realistic description of the job in the recruitment software on the digital market.

Introduction

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruben Lee
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
International Consensus ◽  
Central Thesis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Market Infrastructure ◽  
Insight Into

This introductory chapter begins with a discussion of the nature of governance. It then sets out the book's purpose, namely to analyze how market infrastructure institutions are governed and how they should be governed. The central thesis presented here is that there is no single global answer either to the question of how market infrastructure institutions are governed, or to the question of how market infrastructure institutions should be governed. Instead, the answers to these questions are specific to the contexts in which they are raised. This argument contradicts the notion promoted in many other analyses of financial markets, that standardization, harmonization, and the creation of an international consensus are critical. A key aim of the book is to provide insight into the governance of market infrastructure institutions for a wide range of situations globally. Much of the analysis is therefore presented in an abstract and general way so as to be useful across different types of institutions, jurisdictions, and contexts. An overview of the subsequent chapters is also presented.

scholarly journals Is Personal Initiative Training a Substitute or Complement to the Existing Human Capital of Women? Results from a Randomized Trial in Togo

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 256-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Campos ◽  
Michael Frese ◽  
Markus Goldstein ◽  
Leonardo Iacovone ◽  
Hillary C. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Business Training ◽  
Personal Initiative ◽  
Training Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
New Business

Personal initiative training—a psychology-based mindset training program— delivers lasting improvements for female business owners in Togo. Which types of women benefit most? Theories of dynamic complementarity would suggest training should work better for those with higher pre-existing human capital, but there are also reasons why existing human capital might inhibit training participation or substitute for its effects. We examine the heterogeneity in treatment impact according to different types of human capital. We find little evidence of either complementarities or substitutability, suggesting this new business training approach can work for a wide range of human capital levels.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document