Mot1 Regulates the DNA Binding Activity of Free TATA-binding Protein in an ATP-dependent Manner

ABSTRACT The human RNA polymerase II transcription factor B-TFIID consists of TATA-binding protein (TBP) and the TBP-associated factor (TAF) TAFII170 and can rapidly redistribute over promoter DNA. Here we report the identification of human TBP-binding regions in human TAFII170. We have defined the TBP interaction domain of TAFII170 within three amino-terminal regions: residues 2 to 137, 290 to 381, and 380 to 460. Each region contains a pair of Huntington-elongation-A subunit-Tor repeats and exhibits species-specific interactions with TBP family members. Remarkably, the altered-specificity TBP mutant (TBPAS) containing a triple mutation in the concave surface is defective for binding the TAFII170 amino-terminal region of residues 1 to 504. Furthermore, within this region the TAFII170 residues 290 to 381 can inhibit the interaction between DrosophilaTAFII230 (residues 2 to 81) and TBP through competition for the concave surface of TBP. Biochemical analyses of TBP binding to the TATA box indicated that TAFII170 region 290-381 inhibits TBP-DNA complex formation. Importantly, the TBPAS mutant is less sensitive to TAFII170 inhibition. Collectively, our results support a mechanism in which TAFII170 induces high-mobility DNA binding by TBP through reversible interactions with its concave DNA binding surface.

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UV stimulation induces nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) DNA-binding activity but not transcriptional activation

Biochemical Society Transactions ◽

10.1042/bst0290688 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 29 (6) ◽

pp. 688-691 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

K. J. Campbell ◽

N. R. Chapman ◽

N. D. Perkins

Keyword(s):

Dna Binding ◽

Transcriptional Activation ◽

Cellular Response ◽

Uv Light ◽

Binding Protein ◽

Nuclear Factor Κb ◽

Camp Response Element Binding ◽

Binding Activity ◽

Nuclear Factor ◽

Dna Binding Activity

The cellular response to DNA-damaging agents is partly mediated by DNA-binding transcription factors such as p53 and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Typically NF-κB activation is associated with resistance to apoptosis. Following stimulation with UV light however, NF-κB activation has been shown to be required for programmed cell death. To study this effect further and to determine the relationship between NF-κB and p53 function, we have examined the effect of UV light on U2OS cells. UV stimulation resulted in the activation of NF-κB DNA-binding and the induction of p53. Surprisingly, and in contrast with tumour necrosis factor α stimulation, this UV-induced NF-κB was transcriptionally inert. These observations suggest a model in which the NF-κB switch from an anti-apoptotic to a pro-apoptotic role within the cell results from modulation of its ability to stimulate gene expression, possibly as a result of the ability of p53 to sequester transcriptional co-activator proteins such as p300/CREB (cAMP-response-element-binding protein)-binding protein.

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A novel DNA-binding motif in the nuclear matrix attachment DNA-binding protein SATB1

Molecular and Cellular Biology ◽

10.1128/mcb.14.3.1852-1860.1994 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 1852-1860

Author(s):

K Nakagomi ◽

Y Kohwi ◽

L A Dickinson ◽

T Kohwi-Shigematsu

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Dna Binding ◽

Direct Contact ◽

Binding Protein ◽

Binding Activity ◽

Binding Domain ◽

Binding Motif ◽

Dna Binding Domain ◽

Sequence Context ◽

Dna Binding Activity

The nuclear matrix attachment DNA (MAR) binding protein SATB1 is a sequence context-specific binding protein that binds in the minor groove, making virtually no contact with the DNA bases. The SATB1 binding sites consist of a special AT-rich sequence context in which one strand is well-mixed A's, T's, and C's, excluding G's (ATC sequences), which is typically found in clusters within different MARs. To determine the extent of conservation of the SATB1 gene among different species, we cloned a mouse homolog of the human STAB1 cDNA from a cDNA expression library of the mouse thymus, the tissue in which this protein is predominantly expressed. This mouse cDNA encodes a 764-amino-acid protein with a 98% homology in amino acid sequence to the human SATB1 originally cloned from testis. To characterize the DNA binding domain of this novel class of protein, we used the mouse SATB1 cDNA and delineated a 150-amino-acid polypeptide as the binding domain. This region confers full DNA binding activity, recognizes the specific sequence context, and makes direct contact with DNA at the same nucleotides as the whole protein. This DNA binding domain contains a novel DNA binding motif: when no more than 21 amino acids at either the N- or C-terminal end of the binding domain are deleted, the majority of the DNA binding activity is lost. The concomitant presence of both terminal sequences is mandatory for binding. These two terminal regions consist of hydrophilic amino acids and share homologous sequences that are different from those of any known DNA binding motifs. We propose that the DNA binding region of SATB1 extends its two terminal regions toward DNA to make direct contact with DNA.

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Redox Regulation of GA-binding Protein-α DNA Binding Activity

Journal of Biological Chemistry ◽

10.1074/jbc.271.41.25617 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 271 (41) ◽

pp. 25617-25623 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

Mark E. Martin ◽

Yurii Chinenov ◽

Mi Yu ◽

Tonya K. Schmidt ◽

Xiu-Ying Yang

Keyword(s):

Dna Binding ◽

Redox Regulation ◽

Binding Protein ◽

Binding Activity ◽

Dna Binding Activity ◽

Ga Binding Protein

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FGF21 Protects against Aggravated Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption after Ischemic Focal Stroke in Diabetic db/db Male Mice via Cerebrovascular PPARγ Activation

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms21030824 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 824 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yinghua Jiang ◽

Li Lin ◽

Ning Liu ◽

Qingzhi Wang ◽

Jing Yuan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dna Binding ◽

Blood Brain Barrier ◽

Binding Activity ◽

Brain Barrier ◽

Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Dna Binding Activity ◽

Blood Brain ◽

Junction Protein

Recombinant fibroblast growth factor 21 (rFGF21) has been shown to be potently beneficial for improving long-term neurological outcomes in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) stroke mice. Here, we tested the hypothesis that rFGF21 protects against poststroke blood–brain barrier (BBB) damage in T2DM mice via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) activation in cerebral microvascular endothelium. We used the distal middle cerebral occlusion (dMCAO) model in T2DM mice as well as cultured human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) subjected to hyperglycemic and inflammatory injury in the current study. We detected a significant reduction in PPARγ DNA-binding activity in the brain tissue and mRNA levels of BBB junctional proteins and PPARγ-targeting gene CD36 and FABP4 in cerebral microvasculature at 24 h after stroke. Ischemic stroke induced a massive BBB leakage two days after stroke in T2DM mice compared to in their lean controls. Importantly, all abnormal changes were significantly prevented by rFGF21 administration initiated at 6 h after stroke. Our in vitro experimental results also demonstrated that rFGF21 protects against hyperglycemia plus interleukin (IL)-1β-induced transendothelial permeability through upregulation of junction protein expression in an FGFR1 activation and PPARγ activity elevation-dependent manner. Our data suggested that rFGF21 has strong protective effects on acute BBB leakage after diabetic stroke, which is partially mediated by increasing PPARγ DNA-binding activity and mRNA expression of BBB junctional complex proteins. Together with our previous investigations, rFGF21 might be a promising candidate for treating diabetic stroke.

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CP-31398 Restores DNA-binding Activity to Mutant p53in Vitrobut Does Not Affect p53 Homologs p63 and p73

Journal of Biological Chemistry ◽

10.1074/jbc.m401854200 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 279 (44) ◽

pp. 45887-45896 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Mark J. Demma ◽

Serena Wong ◽

Eugene Maxwell ◽

Bimalendu Dasmahapatra

Keyword(s):

Dna Binding ◽

Mammalian Cells ◽

P53 Protein ◽

Binding Activity ◽

Mutant P53 ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Wild Type ◽

Dna Binding Activity

The p53 protein plays a major role in the maintenance of genome stability in mammalian cells. Mutations of p53 occur in over 50% of all cancers and are indicative of highly aggressive cancers that are hard to treat. Recently, there has been a high degree of interest in therapeutic approaches to restore growth suppression functions to mutant p53. Several compounds have been reported to restore wild type function to mutant p53. One such compound, CP-31398, has been shown effectivein vivo, but questions have arisen to whether it actually affects p53. Here we show that mutant p53, isolated from cells treated with CP-31398, is capable of binding to p53 response elementsin vitro. We also show the compound restores DNA-binding activity to mutant p53 in cells as determined by a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. In addition, using purified p53 core domain from two different hotspot mutants (R273H and R249S), we show that CP-31398 can restore DNA-binding activity in a dose-dependent manner. Using a quantitative DNA binding assay, we also show that CP-31398 increases significantly the amount of mutant p53 that binds to cognate DNA (Bmax) and its affinity (Kd) for DNA. The compound, however, does not affect the affinity (Kdvalue) of wild type p53 for DNA and only increasesBmaxslightly. In a similar assay PRIMA1 does not have any effect on p53 core DNA-binding activity. We also show that CP-31398 had no effect on the DNA-binding activity of p53 homologs p63 and p73.

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