Language rights and interpreting services in Spanish prisons

Babel ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 813-834
Author(s):  
Aída Martínez-Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Policy ◽  
Communication Strategies ◽  
Language Rights ◽  
Foreign Nationals ◽  
Criminal Justice Systems ◽  
The World ◽  
Court Proceedings

Abstract Criminal justice systems throughout the world are becoming increasingly aware of the challenges posed by language barriers. However, that awareness is still limited to the realm of court proceedings, whereas legislation aiming to protect language rights of foreign prisoners is scarce and vague. In the particular case of Spain, only a few provisions in the Prison Rules envisage the notion of language assistance, making it explicit that such support is to be provided by other prisoners or staff. This paper aims to analyze the implications of an underdeveloped language policy in the realm of Spanish penitentiary institutions, focusing on how the specific measures stemming from that policy affect the rights of imprisoned foreign nationals. Against the backdrop of the limited legislative coverage of language issues, communication strategies seem to be based on the linguistic assimilation of foreign language-speaking inmates, either to communicate directly with staff or to serve as interpreters for newly arrived fellow inmates. Causes and consequences of these strategies are discussed in this paper, including an analysis of the quality of the interpretations that nonprofessional prisoner-interpreters are able to provide.

scholarly journals Theorizing the International Criminal Court’s Model of Justice: The Victims’ Court?

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Isha Jain
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
International Criminal Court ◽  
Rome Statute ◽  
International Criminal ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Criminal Court ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Criminal Justice Systems ◽  
The World ◽  
Theoretical Standpoint

Theoretical models of criminal justice are important tools for identifying the value systems that underpin the various criminal justice systems of the world. Hailed as the ‘victims’ court’ for conferring wide-ranging participatory rights to victims at all stages of the criminal process, the International Criminal Court and its constitutive treaty, the Rome Statute, offer an interesting subject matter of analysis from this theoretical standpoint. The focus of this article will be on studying the ICC’s practice and procedure in relation to victim participation, in order to identify the values of criminal justice that influence these processes.

scholarly journals THE MAIN SKILLS AND COMPETENCES OF MULTILINGUALISM IN THE CONTEXT OF THE EUROPEAN UNION

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Vankevič
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Cultural Globalization ◽  
The World ◽  
Official Languages ◽  
Unity In Diversity ◽  
European Citizen ◽  
The Eu

The paper presents multilingualism and multiculturalism as one of the main aims of the European Union (EU) and deals with the issue of political and cultural globalization. More and more young people describe themselves as cosmopolites. Multiculturalism is especially noticeable in the sphere of languages. Languages are fundamental for Europeans wanting to work together. They go to the very heart of the unity in diversity of the EU. It is important to nurture and to promote our linguistic heritage in the Member States but we also need to understand each other, our neighbours, our partners in the EU. Speaking many languages makes businesses and citizens more competitive and more mobile. The EU policy of official multilingualism as a deliberate tool of government is unique in the world. The EU sees the use of its citizens’ languages as one of the factors which make it more transparent, more legitimate and more efficient. At the level of culture and of enhancing the quality of life, too, the EU works actively to promote the wider knowledge and use of all its official languages throughout the Union. The ability to speak foreign language and multiculturalism are inseparable parts of the EU integrations. There are certain skills and competences that a multilingual, multicultural European citizen must acquire in order to become a full‐fledged EU member. Pagrindiniai daugiakalbiškumo įgūdžiai ir kompetencijos Europos sąjungos kontekste Santrauka Straipsnyje parodomas daugiakalbiškumas ir daugiakultūriškumas kaip vienas iš pagrindinių Europos Sąjungos tikslų bei analizuojama politinės ir kultūrinės globalizacijos problema. Vis daugiau jaunų žmonių save apibūdina kosmopolitais. Daugiakultūriškumas ypač pastebimas kalbų srityje. Kalbos labai svarbios europiečiams, norintiems bendradarbiauti. Būtent kalbos sudaro Europos vientisumo ir skirtingumo ašį. Todėl visos Europos Sąjungos (ES) šalys narės privalo ne tik tausoti ir plėtoti savo kalbos paveldą, bet ir stengtis suprasti vienos kitas, savo kaimynes, ES partneres. Gebėjimas bendrauti keliomis kalbomis padeda plėtotis ne tik verslo sričiai, jis padeda ES piliečiams tapti konkurencingesniems ir mobilesniems. ES valdžios taikoma oficialaus daugiakultūriškumo politika – vienintelė pasaulyje. ES valstybinių kalbų vartojimą laiko vienu iš šalies skaidrumo, didesnio teisingumo ir produktyvumo veiksnių. Kultūros ir gyvenimo kokybės stiprinimo lygmeniu ES aktyviai dirba skatindama mokymąsi ir visų Sąjungos valstybinių kalbų vartojimą. Gebėjimas kalbėti keliomis kalbomis bei daugiakultūriškumas – neatsiejama eurointegracijos dalis. Yra tam tikrų gabumų ir kompetencijų, kurios privalomos daugiakultūriam, daugiakalbiam europiečiui, norinčiam tapti visaverčiu ES piliečiu.

scholarly journals Urban violence

2004 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-217
Author(s):  
D. Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Violent Crime ◽  
Organized Crime ◽  
Community Action ◽  
Drug Trade ◽  
Urban Violence ◽  
Criminal Justice Systems ◽  
The World ◽  
Local Initiatives ◽  
Different Parts

Abstract. Urban violence has become an endemic feature of cities in all parts of the world. The consensus is that levels of violence are increasing generally but that there are significant differences between different parts of the world. Recent studies review these assumptions and examine the problems associated with monitoring the incidence of violent crime. There are new dimensions to urban violence that include the rise in the drug trade, more organized crime and the trend towards more use of firearms. Cities offer specific situations in which violent crime is more likely to occur. There are geographies of violent crime that not only point out differences between cities but also highlight local concentrations of crime within individual cities. Society seeks to control violent crime, principally through its criminal justice Systems but also by involving Community action and local initiatives.

scholarly journals The Role of International Criminal Justice in Fulfillment of the Tasks of the World Community - UN

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
N I Kostenko
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
International Criminal ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
International Criminal Justice ◽  
World Community ◽  
Criminal Justice Systems ◽  
The World

The article examines the role of international criminal justice in fulfilling the important tasks set by the world community in the 21st century to stabilize the criminal justice system, which should become a fundamental element of the rule of law structure; on the recognition of the central role of the criminal justice system in the development of international criminal justice. The work focuses on the need for a holistic approach to reforming the criminal justice system in order to improve the effectiveness of international criminal justice systems in the fight against crime.

scholarly journals Trajectories and typologies of pre-sentence restorative justice rituals

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 502-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meredith Rossner ◽  
Jasmine Bruce
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice Systems ◽  
New Findings ◽  
The World ◽  
Justice Systems

Enthusiasm for restorative justice has seen conferencing brought in to the mainstream of criminal justice systems around the world. This raises concerns over how integration into criminal justice will impact conference dynamics. In this article, we present new findings from a study of restorative justice conferences at the pre-sentencing stage for adult offenders. By documenting the interactional dynamics of conferences it reveals the emotional trajectories that conferences take, and the factors that shape immediate conference outcomes. Our results show both the positive aspects of what restorative justice is capable of achieving as well as the tensions that arise when it is integrated within conventional criminal justice. We offer a refined vision of what success can mean in restorative justice at the pre-sentence stage.

scholarly journals EFL Matriculation Exams for Deaf and Hard of Hearing Students: Polish and Israeli Experiences

10.33496/009 ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 83-94
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Hard Of Hearing ◽  
Business Education ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
Educational Expectations ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Language Of Science ◽  
The World ◽  
Specific Support

In recent decades the significance of English as a lingua franca has been systematically growing: it is no longer simply the native language of some nations but is rather the language of science, business, education, and leisure around the world. Not surprisingly, there is a great demand to learn and know this language, which is mirrored by the importance placed on English teaching in national curricula and its presence as a mandatory exam subject in secondary education. While most students can follow such education programs smoothly, the group of D/deaf and hard of hearing learners (D/HoH) meet serious challenges when learning a foreign language without auditory input and require specific support and accommodations to meet the curricula requirements. This paper presents the issue of teaching English as a foreign language to D/HoH students in the context of their matriculation exams in two countries whose educational systems share some historical roots: Poland and Israel. The method used was document analysis in the framework of the cultural contexts of two educational systems. The results show similarities for educational expectations but also differences concerning the type and scope of accommodations for D/HoH students. The analysis leads to pedagogical recommendations for improving the quality of D/HoH students’ education in these two countries.

Rate and Length of Imprisonment

1977 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene Doleschal
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Prison Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Criminal Justice Systems ◽  
The World ◽  
Criminal Penalties ◽  
Justice Systems

This paper discusses the rate and length of imprisonment in The Netherlands, Denmark, and Sweden, which have possibly the most advanced and most humane criminal justice systems in the world. Sen tencing policy and practice in these countries produce commitment figures which carry a message for the United States: increasing the harshness of criminal penalties and the size of the prison population is an irrational— and certainly ineffective—response to crime.

Language Rights and Language Repression

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen May
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Language Policy ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Minority Language ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Language Rights ◽  
Political Democracy ◽  
Language Policies ◽  
Minority Language Rights ◽  
The World

Many historical and contemporary conflicts in the world today, while often ostensibly framed in ethnic terms, actually involve language—and by extension, language policy—as a key catalyst or concern. This chapter charts how the widespread practice of enforcing linguistic homogeneity within modern nations-states, based on the view that this will minimize ethnic and linguistic conflict, actually exacerbates it, forcing linguistic minorities increasingly into avenues and means of dissent. More broadly, it explores how this preoccupation with linguistic homogeneity at the level of the nation-state is an unhelpful artifact of a combination of the negative ascription of ethnicity, the politics of nationalism, and the promotion of an individualist conception of citizenship and human rights. It concludes by arguing that language policies that actively accommodate minority language rights are more, rather than less, likely to ensure political stability—promoting not just political democracy but ethnocultural and ethnolinguistic democracy as well.

Self-Legitimacy, Organisational Commitment and Commitment to Fair Treatment of Prisoners: An Empirical Study of Prison Officers in Slovenia

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gorazd Meško ◽  
Rok Hacin ◽  
Justice Tankebe ◽  
Chuck Fields
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
The Self ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Organisational Commitment ◽  
Fair Treatment ◽  
Criminal Justice Systems ◽  
Criminal Justice Professionals ◽  
Police Studies

Recent work on legitimacy within criminal justice systems have drawn attention to self-legitimacy; that is, criminal justice professionals’ own recognition of their entitlement to power. The evidence on this aspect of legitimacy remains sparse and mainly from police studies. We know almost nothing about the self-legitimacy of prison officers. This paper contributes to filling this gap, with an empirical focus on prison officers in Slovenia. Specifically, it explores the correlates of officer self-legitimacy and the implications of self-legitimacy for commitments to the rights of prisoners and to the organisation. Results from multiple regression analyses show that quality of interpersonal relationships among officers, perceived audience legitimacy (that is, officers’ sense of their moral standing among prisoners), and distributive justice predicted self-legitimacy. Self-legitimacy was associated with increased commitment to fair treatment of prisoners but it was irrelevant to organisational commitment. The implications of these findings are discussed.

scholarly journals USE OF TEST TECHNOLOGIES IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE LESSONS AS A CONTROLLER OF EXTERNAL COMPETENCE

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (29) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Voloshina
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Competence ◽  
Test Form ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Elementary Classes ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Goals And Objectives ◽  
Independent Assessment

The interest in learning a foreign language in all countries of the world has increased significantly. This is dictated by the laws and pace of development of the world economic system, as well as the goals and objectives of the education system as a whole. In this regard, the question arises about the quality of teaching a foreign language. In Ukrainian education most of the teaching tasks are given to students not in a test form. Basically this is a question, a task, an exercise. The test is a more appropriate qualitative and objective way to evaluate different types of speech activity in a foreign language. Testing in Ukraine is a method of controlling the knowledge of external independent assessment, and students must be adapted to this method.Key words: foreign languages, test technologies, control, foreign language competence, foreign language communicative competence, elementary classes.

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