Face-keeping strategies in reaction to complaints

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zohreh R. Eslami
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
American English ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Cultural Comparison ◽  
Cross Cultural Comparison ◽  
Face Saving ◽  
American English Speakers

This paper discusses a number of differences between English and Persian in the area of speech acts and links them with different cultural values and norms. The Persian speakers’ use of face-keeping strategies in reaction to complaints was compared with American English speakers’ performance. The most frequent face- saving strategy used by both groups in reaction to complaints was the apology speech act. Therefore, a cross-cultural comparison in the realization patterns of the apology speech acts between the two languages was performed. A detailed analysis of the use of the illocutionary force indicating device (IFID) strategies and supportive strategies revealed important differences in communicative styles of the two groups which can give us insights into understanding different cultural values, norms, and assumptions concerning interpersonal use of language in a Western and a non-Western language. It is shown that Persian speakers are more sensitive to contextual factors and vary their face-keeping strategies accordingly whereas English speakers mostly use one apology strategy and intensify it based on contextual factors.

scholarly journals Request Strategies in Everyday Interactions of Persian and English Speakers

SAGE Open ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 215824401667947
Author(s):  
Shiler Yazdanfar ◽  
Alireza Bonyadi
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
American English ◽  
Speech Act Theory ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Cross Cultural Study ◽  
Daily Interactions ◽  
Request Strategies ◽  
American English Speakers

Cross-cultural studies of speech acts in different linguistic contexts might have interesting implications for language researchers and practitioners. Drawing on the Speech Act Theory, the present study aimed at conducting a comparative study of request speech act in Persian and English. Specifically, the study endeavored to explore the request strategies used in daily interactions of Persian and English speakers based on directness level and supportive moves. To this end, English and Persian TV series were observed and requestive utterances were transcribed. The utterances were then categorized based on Blum-Kulka and Olshtain’s Cross-Cultural Study of Speech Act Realization Pattern (CCSARP) for directness level and internal and external mitigation devises. According to the results, although speakers of both languages opted for the direct level as their most frequently used strategy in their daily interactions, the English speakers used more conventionally indirect strategies than the Persian speakers did, and the Persian speakers used more non-conventionally indirect strategies than the English speakers did. Furthermore, the analyzed data revealed the fact that American English speakers use more mitigation devices in their daily interactions with friends and family members than Persian speakers.

Perception of expressive prosodic speech acts performed in USA english by L1 and L2 speakers

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-45
Author(s):  
Donna Erickson ◽  
Albert Rilliard ◽  
João Antônio de Moraes ◽  
Takaaki Shochi
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Cultural Comparison ◽  
Cross Cultural Comparison ◽  
Frequency Code ◽  
Cross Language ◽  
L1 And L2

Attitudes have been described for different languages, with varying labels or contexts of occurrence for same labels. It renders cross-cultural comparison uncertain. A corpus was designed to bypass these limitations. This paper focuses on USA English produced by L1 and L2 speakers. The best performances in 9 attitudes are used in a forced-choice test, in both audio and visual modalities. Results show that 6 categories group the presented attitudes in coherent sets. The cultural origin affects marginally the categorisation of the expressions. An acoustic analysis of the fundamental frequency and intensity allows to test the predictions of two theoretical propositions – the Frequency code and the Effort code. It concludes to a main coherence of cross-language expressivity, and discusses differences. For negative expressions of imposition, L1 speakers follow the Frequency code – and L1 listeners expect this; L2 speakers use the Effort code in the same situations, leading to confusions in the audio-only modality. Differences for seduction and irony are also discussed.

scholarly journals Where Is Your Pain? A Cross-cultural Comparison of the Concept of Pain in Americans and South Koreans

2017 ◽  
pp. 136-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyo-eun Kim ◽  
Nina Poth ◽  
Kevin Reuter ◽  
Justin Sytsma
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Cultural Comparison ◽  
Culturally Specific ◽  
Cross Cultural Comparison ◽  
Pain Reports ◽  
Bodily States ◽  
Cross Cultural Studies

Philosophical orthodoxy holds that pains are mental states, taking this to reflect the ordinary conception of pain. Despite this, evidence is mounting that English speakers do not tend to conceptualize pains in this way; rather, they tend to treat pains as being bodily states. We hypothesize that this is driven by two primary factors -- the phenomenology of feeling pains and the surface grammar of pain reports. There is reason to expect that neither of these factors is culturally specific, however, and thus reason to expect that the empirical findings for English speakers will generalize to other cultures and other languages. In this article we begin to test this hypothesis, reporting the results of two cross-cultural studies comparing judgments about the location of referred pains (cases where the felt location of the pain diverges from the bodily damage) between two groups -- Americans and South Koreans -- that we might otherwise expect to differ in how they understand pains. In line with our predictions, we find that both groups tend to conceive of pains as bodily states.

Cultural Values and Volunteering: A Cross-cultural Comparison of Students’ Motivation to Volunteer in 13 Countries

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrietta Grönlund ◽  
Kirsten Holmes ◽  
Chulhee Kang ◽  
Ram A. Cnaan ◽  
Femida Handy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Comparison ◽  
Cross Cultural Comparison

Preferred Decision-Making Styles: A Cross-Cultural Comparison

1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 755-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc J. Dollinger ◽  
Wade Danis
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Business Students ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Comparison ◽  
Decision Style ◽  
Cross Cultural Comparison ◽  
Decision Making Styles ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Undergraduate Business Students ◽  
The U.S

398 graduate and undergraduate business students from the USA, Japan, and Hong Kong were administered Kirton's (1976) Adaption-Innovation Inventory of decision style. Analysis of variance showed that mean group scores differed significantly with the U.S. respondents showing a preference for the Innovator style and the Chinese respondents the Adaptor style. Contrary to our hypotheses, the Japanese respondents did not show a clear preference for either style. We hypothesize that the differences among groups may be a function of cultural values and discuss the implications of our findings for managing cross-cultural teams.

scholarly journals Communication Patterns in Online University Lectures: Cross-Cultural Comparison between Czechia & Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 317 ◽  
pp. 01034
Author(s):  
Natan Ledvoň ◽  
Nurhayati
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Communication Patterns ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Cultural Comparison ◽  
Ethnography Of Communication ◽  
Cross Cultural Comparison ◽  
The World ◽  
Speech Events

The goal of the paper is to observe and compare the communication patterns in online university lectures occurring in the Czech and Indonesian (more specifically Javanese) environment through the lens of the ethnography of communication, based on the theory of speech acts. It aims to offer an insight in form of a case study and complement the knowledge in this field, especially considering the rapid expansion of the discourse due to the world pandemic in which information systems play a crucial role. The practical part uses direct observation of a set of classes to reveal how the same studied communicative events are practised differently. One of the key findings is the confirmation of my hypothesis that the speech events in the studied case show cultural differences and it is beneficial to study them through the lens of ethnography of communication. The focus on speech acts proved to be a crucial tool in my analysis.

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