Organization of the lexicon-grammar of French verbs

2002 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Leclère
Keyword(s):  
Complex Verbs ◽  
Semantic Properties

Summary The “Lexicon-grammar” of LADL describes about 15,000 simple verbs and 25,000 complex verbs, according to the syntactic, distributional or semantic properties of their main constructions. I present the types of properties that have been selected as the basis for the classification of these verbs.

scholarly journals Determiners and quantifiers in Spanish: types, tests and theories

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-108
Author(s):  
Antonio Fábregas
Keyword(s):  
Proper Names ◽  
Strict Sense ◽  
Indefinite Article ◽  
Semantic Properties

This article provides an overview about the main facts and analytical options in the domain of determiners and quantifiers in Spanish. It covers the main classification of determiners and their basic syntactic and semantic properties (§1), the differences in behaviour between quantifiers and determiners in the strict sense (§2), the notion of definiteness and the contrasts in the use of the definite and indefinite articles (§3), the notion of specificity (§4) and the main types of quantifiers and how they can be identified (§5). In terms of analytical problems, it discusses whether determiners should be considered heads or not (§6), the areas within the determiner and quantifier domain (§7), the nature of the indefinite article as an element that shares properties with existential quantifiers (§8), the problems posed by proper names (§9) and the possible existence of phonologically null determiners in Spanish (§10). Conclusions are presented in §11.

A study of English blends: From structure to meaning and back again

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Beliaeva
Keyword(s):  
Data Driven ◽  
Morphological Classification ◽  
Multifactorial Analysis ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
Data Driven Approach ◽  
Semantic Properties

This article presents an approach to the resolution of the much discussed problem of morphological classification of blend words and their distinction from such neighbouring morphological categories as clipping compounds. The research focuses on novel coinages and takes a data-driven approach to study the interaction between the form and the meaning of blends/clipping compounds. A multifactorial analysis of formal and semantic properties of these words is undertaken, as a result of which phonological and structural differences between blends and clipping compounds are explained using formal and semantic factors.

Automatic acquisition and classification of terminology using a tagged corpus in the molecular biology domain

Terminology ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel Collier ◽  
Chikashi Nobata ◽  
Junichi Tsujii
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Markov Model ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Hidden Markov ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Domain Expert ◽  
Automatic Acquisition ◽  
Semantic Properties ◽  
Information Extraction System

This article describes our work to identify and classify terms in the domain of molecular biology according to examples that have been marked up by a domain expert in a corpus of abstracts taken from a controlled search of the Medline database. Automatic acquisition of biomedical term lists has so far been slow due to high variability in both the terms and their classification scheme, which we attribute to the diversity of research disciplines involved. Nevertheless, the explosive growth in online molecular biology literature makes a persuasive case for automating many tasks. This includes acquisition of records for gene-product databases such as SwissProt which are currently updated by human experts, a task that is both time consuming and often highly idiosyncratic. In this article we report results from a tool based on a hidden-Markov model for extracting and classifying terms that can be used as a key component in an information extraction system. We discuss the results in light of lexical, syntactic and semantic properties of terms that were revealed by our study.

On the semantic properties of mass and count nouns in Guajajára (Tenetehára)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 366-381
Author(s):  
Pilar Chamorro ◽  
Fábio Bonfim Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Number Marking ◽  
Mass Nouns ◽  
Count Nouns ◽  
Units Of Measurement ◽  
Classifier Languages ◽  
Semantic Properties

Abstract In this paper we show that Guajajára has grammaticalized the distinction between mass and count nouns, but that the coding of this distinction is different from the systems of coding in classifier languages, number-marking languages, and number-neutral languages (Chierchia 1998a, 1998b, 2010; Wilhelm 2008). As a result, we conclude that Guajajára presents a challenge to the tripartite classification of languages proposed in Chierchia’s work, since Guajajára number marking is non-inflectional and optional when plural is already expressed by other quantificational expressions. Furthermore, in Guajajára notional mass nouns can pluralize and directly combine with numerals without the mediation of container or measure constructions in contexts where conventional and non-conventional container and units of measurement are implied. This last observation suggests that coercion is not a mechanism that operates in this language.

scholarly journals On Intensive Endophoric Devices in English

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-112
Author(s):  
Diego Krivochen
Keyword(s):  
Binding Theory ◽  
Specific Kind ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
Semantic Properties

AbstractThis paper deals with the syntactic and semantic properties of a specific kind of anaphoric device (AD) in English, instantiated by Prn+SELF lexical items (himself/herself/itself…; ‘SELF’ henceforth), which do not behave like anaphors in the sense of Binding Theory either syntactically or semantically. These devices have received the name of intensives in the grammatical literature (Leskosky 1972; Siemund 2000, among many others). We will look at the syntactic behaviour of so-called intensives in different syntactic contexts, and refine the classification of these ADs taking into consideration (a) how each type of intensive is derived, (b) the kinds of syntactic rules that can affect them, and (c) their meaning.

scholarly journals Towards classification of stative verbs in view of corpus data

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-393
Author(s):  
Svetlozara Leseva ◽  
Ivelina Stoyanova ◽  
Hristina Kukova
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Automatic Annotation ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Conceptual Information ◽  
Work In Progress ◽  
Manual Inspection ◽  
Corpus Data ◽  
Semantic Properties

Abstract The paper presents work in progress on the compilation and automatic annotation of a dataset comprising examples of stative verbs in parallel Bulgarian-Russian corpora with the goal of facilitating the elaboration of a classification of stative verbs in the two languages based on their lexical and semantic properties. We extract stative verbs from the Bulgarian and the Russian WordNets with their assigned conceptual information (frames) from FrameNet. We then assign the set of probable Bulgarian and Russian stative verbs to the verb instances in a parallel Bulgarian-Russian corpus using WordNet correspondences to filter out unlikely stative candidates. Further, manual inspection will ensure high quality of the resource and its application for the purposes of semantic analysis.

L2 ACQUISITION OF JAPANESE UNACCUSATIVE VERBS

2001 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makiko Hirakawa
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
L2 Acquisition ◽  
Object Position ◽  
Change Of State ◽  
Unaccusative Verbs ◽  
L2 Learners ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Semantic Properties

This paper reports on an experimental study that investigates the acquisition of Japanese unaccusative verbs by English-speaking learners. Following Levin and Rappaport Hovav (1995), it is assumed that unaccusativity is syntactically represented but semantically determined. The experiment is devised specifically to examine whether L2 learners are sensitive to syntactic and semantic properties associated with unaccusative verbs in Japanese, which contrast with the properties of unergative verbs. In particular, the experiment involved picture tasks with two structures: the takusan construction as a syntactic test and the -teiru construction as a semantic test. Overall results of the experiment show that L2 learners generally know the properties investigated; that is, that subjects of unaccusative verbs originate in object position, and semantic notions such as telicity and change of state are aspects of meaning relevant to the classification of unaccusativity in Japanese. Based on these results, it is argued that the mapping of verb arguments to syntactic positions is not random, but rule governed, for most of the L2 learners in the present study.

Une classification des expressions figées du portugais du Brésil

2004 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-186
Author(s):  
Oto Araújo Vale
Keyword(s):  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Semantic Properties

Summary The purpose of this work is to present a classification of frozen expressions in Brazilian Portuguese. We established ten classes for 3,400 expressions which have free subject and only one verb. Each of these classes constitutes a Lexicon-Grammar table. To the distributionnal properties usually presented in the tables of Lexicon-Grammar we also added in each table four columns which represented semantic properties. This process enabled us to highlight some semantics regularities related to each class.

Classification of complex verbs and the evolution of the compound verb in Marathi

2021 ◽  
pp. 223-248
Author(s):  
Prashant Pardeshi
Keyword(s):  
Steady Increase ◽  
Light Verbs ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Auxiliary Verbs ◽  
Contentious Issue ◽  
Main Verb ◽  
Complex Verbs ◽  
Quantitative Changes ◽  
Compound Verb

Starting with examination of the contentious issue in Marathi grammar concerning the classification of morphologically complex verbs including Noun + Verb, Adverb + Verb, and Verb1?(nonfinite) + Verb2?(desinence), this chapter first proposes a set of criteria for distinguishing vector verbs from auxiliary verbs and thereby identifies a functionally coherent subgroup of compound verbs consisting of a main verb (V1) and a vector verb (V2). Discussion then moves on to the ontogeny of vector verbs in this type of compound verb (CV). Statistical evidence shows a steady increase in the CV to non-CV ratio along with an increase in the number of vector verbs. The qualitative and quantitative changes the CV has undergone in a diachronic process spanning over 700 years demonstrate that vector verbs are not eternal but are subject to change,?pace?Miriam Butt and her colleagues, who contend that light verbs are stable through time.

scholarly journals Approximation and metaphor in Italian nominative strategy

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Process ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Specific System ◽  
Semantic Categories ◽  
Pragmatic Information ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Fuzzy Description ◽  
Semantic Properties ◽  
Original Classification

This article analyses nominative strategies in the Italian language and deals with miscellaneous cases which cannot be described in terms of direct nomination. In particular, I consider approximation and metaphor as two complementary means used by the speaker to characterize the concept. Approximation and metaphor are semantic categories with a specific system of rules. According to their specific semantic properties, approximatives “stretch” the semantic field of a concept so that it can be applied to different situations, leading to a fuzzy description of the situation; metaphors, on the contrary, clearly identify some aspects of a fuzzy situation so that it can become more comprehensible for the listener. Both approximative and metaphorical operators are used for redefining a concept and for changing its range of applicability. In this article is given a definition of approximatives and metaphors and then a description of their semantic properties, including the pragmatic information they convey. I also give an original classification of approximatives, dividing them in two different groups – graduating and boundary approximatives. Both approximative and metaphorical operators allow speakers to convey their subjective relationship to the described situation: this article analyses the different kind of the speaker’s assessment on the base of the selected operator, approximative rather than metaphor. Approximative and metaphorical cases differ very much depending on the linguistic local culture: in Ukraine, English, Russian and Italian we have different systems of approximatives or metaphors and they convey different meanings. The article also provides a detailed illustration of the assessment process of metaphors related to food in Italian linguistic culture.

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