European English and the translation of the Italian Code of Criminal Procedure

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-19
Author(s):  
Katia Peruzzo
Keyword(s):  
English Translation ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Council Of Europe ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
European Continent ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Legal Concepts ◽  
International English ◽  
Do So

Abstract The English translation of the Italian Code of Criminal Procedure (Gialuz, Lupária, and Scarpa 2014) represents a step forward in fostering judicial and police cooperation in Europe. This is made possible by making the content of the Code accessible to a wide English-speaking audience. Given the informative purpose of the translation (Cao 2007), whose intended readers are mainly European citizens, the target language chosen by the translation team is European English, i.e. the English used in European Union texts, the international English used in Council of Europe texts, the English found in the translations of the Codes of Criminal Procedure of other European countries and the English used by law scholars (Scarpa, Peruzzo, and Pontrandolfo 2014). The European continent is a multidimensional and multilayered legal reality in which different languages co-exist and legal transplants and terminological transfers are commonplace. Based on such premises, however, the embeddedness of the Code of Criminal Procedure in the Italian legal system poses several translation difficulties, especially in the search for supranational/international English translation equivalents for terms that refer to nationally developed legal concepts. For these terms, established translation equivalents are not necessarily available. The aims of this paper are threefold: to describe the features of the interdisciplinary translation team consisting of ten members (linguists and lawyers), to lay out the peculiarities of the translation process in which professionals with a different background were involved, and to illustrate the methodology applied as regards terminological choices. To do so, a concrete example from the translated text will be provided to lay out the challenges faced and the solution adopted by the translation team.

Reframing Iran’s discourse of war in the English translation of Iranian war literature

Babel ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-95
Author(s):  
Katayoon Afzali
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
English Translation ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
War Literature ◽  
The United States ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Ideological Manipulation ◽  
The Government

Abstract Translation as interlingual and intercultural communication has always been subject to ideological manipulation. This is due to the fact that some Translation Studies scholars believe that translators are considered as responsible for the reception and survival of literary works among target language readers. The strategies the translators apply throughout the translation process are governed by those who wield power including political and social institutions like the government, the law and publishers. In view of this phenomenon, the current study explores the paratextual strategies applied by Paul Sprachman, an American translator, when he translated Da (2014) from Farsi into English. Using narrative theory, this study analyses how the English translation appears to reiterate notions of Iran and Shia identity as bellicose and anti- liberal by situating Iran’s war literature as dramatic and fictional, rather than as a testimonial to one Iranian woman’s representations of her lived experience. The findings indicate that the textual and paratextual manipulations were in line with the ideology of the receptive environment of the United States with relevance to the discourse of the war in Iran.

scholarly journals Evaluating The Quality of The Indonesia-English Translation of Research Abstracts Written By The Students Of Harapan Bangsa University

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-96
Author(s):  
Ida Dian Sukmawati ◽  
Rudi Hartono ◽  
Djoko Sutopo
Keyword(s):  
English Translation ◽  
Research Abstract ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Translation Quality

This study was focused on evaluating the quality of the Indonesian-English translation of the research abstract written by the students of Harapan Bangsa University. The analysis included the analysis of translation quality in terms of accuracy, naturalness, acceptability, and readability as well as the translation ideology. The results of the study showed that the accuracy of the research abstract translation was dominated by highly accurate translation and less accurate translation in the target language which shared the same percentage as many as 36%. In terms of naturalness, it showed that 34% of the translation was categorized into highly natural. With regard to translation acceptability, it showed that 61% of the data belonged to acceptable. Meanwhile, in terms of translation readability, it showed that 75% of the data was categorized as readable. The register and genre of the research abstract texts and its translation were kept equivalent and holding the same purposes as it was translated overtly. In translating the research abstract text, it is suggested that the translator could highly consider the accuracy, naturalness, acceptability, and readability of the translation, particularly for target readers. With regard to the translation ideology, the translator is suggested to grasp the register and genre of the text before the translation process and regard the target readers to determine whether the text should be translated covertly or overtly.

scholarly journals Alexander Pushkin's Winter Evening in Armenian and English Translation

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-141
Author(s):  
Ruzanna Ghazaryan ◽  
Ishkhan Dadyan
Keyword(s):  
English Translation ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Translation Accuracy

This research dwells upon prominent Russian writer Alexander Pushkin’s poetry in light of translation. More specifically, one of Pushkin’s most famous poems – “Winter Evening” has been selected to be analyzed with regard to its translation in Armenian and English. This study aims to reveal the major challenges that the translators have faced while rendering the poem from Russian into Armenian and English as well as to disclose the discrepancies that exist between the original and the translated texts. Also, an attempt will be made to identify the major lexical, grammatical, stylistic and syntactic shifts that have occurred in the translation process in order to assess the degree of translation accuracy and pinpoint whether or not the translated texts impact the target-language readers to the same extent as the original.

Translation, Equivalence and Fidelity

Babel ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter G. Emery
Keyword(s):  
English Translation ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Conventional Implicatures ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Language Expectancy

Abstract Translation and equivalence are defined in terms of text-author’s pragmatic meaning (intention). Translation is a complex construct comprising both process (translating) and product (equivalent). The translation process is characterized as a double negotiation, consisting of two phases: 1. interpretation of a source text’s pragmatic meaning and 2. rendering this into a target text in line with target-language expectancy norms. As an intertextual negotiator, the translator should be highly sensitive to both sourcelanguage and target-language conversational and conventional implicatures. The operation of both types of implicatures is illustrated through examples from Arabic/English translation praxis. Finally, a distinction is made between the descriptive and evaluative senses of equivalence, the latter being seen as synonymous with fidelity, which is defined in translation in terms of pragmatic success or failure (infidelity). Résumé La traduction et l’équivalence sont définies en tant que signification pragmatique (intention) du texte-auteur. La traduction est une construction mentale complexe qui englobe à la fois l’acte de traduire et le produit (équivalent). Le processus de traduction se caractérise par une double négociation comportant deux phases: 1) l’interprétation de la signification pragmatique d’un texte-source et 2) sa traduction dans un texte-cible qui respecte les normes escomptées dans la langue-cible. Le traducteur, négociateur intertextuel, doit être extrêmement sensible aux significations implicites en matière de conversation et de convention de la langue-source et de la langue-cible. Le fonctionnement des deux types de significations implicites est illustré par des exemples tirés de la pratique de la traduction arabe-anglais. Enfin, nous établissons une distinction entre le sens descriptif et le sens évaluatif de l’équivalence, ce dernier étant considéré comme un synonyme de la fidélité qui, en traduction, est définie en tant que réussite ou échec pragmatiques (infidélité).

Intrusões: Guimarães Rosa-Bogotá Notas para uma tradução de “Páramo”

1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bairon Oswaldo Vélez
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
The Other ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Original Version ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Spanish Translation ◽  
Translation Strategy ◽  
Mountain Sickness

This paper comments on the first Spanish translation of João Guimarães Rosa's short story "Páramo", which narrates the exile of a Brazilian lost with mountain sickness in a cold and hostile Bogotá. This translation is briefly explained in the following pages, giving special emphasis to some prominent features of the original version, in addition to the cultural context, critical and theoretical readings and the translation strategy evident in the translator‘s intervention. Finally, it is made clear how a certain perspective of the other – present in the original version as well – passes through the translation process and indicates the conditions of its presentation in the target language. The original article is in Portuguese.

THE SOURCE OF ERRORS IN INDONESIAN-ENGLISH TRANSLATION

Jurnal KATA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Utami
Keyword(s):  
Error Analysis ◽  
English Translation ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Incomplete Knowledge ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Grammatical Errors ◽  
Translation Errors

<p>This research aimed to identify types of translation errors and to find out the sources of errors (interlingual and intralingual errors) in Indonesian-English translation written by the students. The type of this research was descriptive research which used Error Analysis procedures to identify and analyze the students’ error. The findings showed that the types of grammatical errors made by the students in their translation were three types, namely global errors, local errors, and other errors. The most frequent error made by the students was local errors and the fewest error made by the students was other errors.  Then, this research revealed that mostly errors occurred in students’ translation were caused by intralingual error. Meanwhile, only few errors were caused by interlingual error. The errors occured due students’ incomplete knowledge of the target language.</p>

scholarly journals Computer-assisted sign language translation: a study of translators’ practice to specify CAT software

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Kaczmarek ◽  
Michael Filhol
Keyword(s):  
Sign Language ◽  
Language Translation ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Sign Languages ◽  
Subjective Data ◽  
Do So

AbstractProfessional Sign Language translators, unlike their text-to-text counterparts, are not equipped with computer-assisted translation (CAT) software. Those softwares are meant to ease the translators’ tasks. No prior study as been conducted on this topic, and we aim at specifying such a software. To do so, we based our study on the professional Sign Language translators’ practices and needs. The aim of this paper is to identify the necessary steps in the text-to-sign translation process. By filming and interviewing professionals for both objective and subjective data, we build a list of tasks and see if they are systematic and performed in a definite order. Finally, we reflect on how CAT tools could assist those tasks, how to adapt the existing tools to Sign Language and what is necessary to add in order to fit the needs of Sign Language translation. In the long term, we plan to develop a first prototype of CAT software for sign languages.

Assessing the L2 pragmatic awareness of non-native EFL teacher candidates: Is spotting a problem enough?

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-65
Author(s):  
Karen Glaser
Keyword(s):  
Language Learners ◽  
Teacher Candidates ◽  
Target Language ◽  
False Alarms ◽  
Language Teacher Education ◽  
Advanced Learners ◽  
Efl Teacher ◽  
Pragmatic Awareness ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Research Gap

AbstractThe assessment of pragmatic skills in a foreign or second language (L2) is usually investigated with regard to language learners, but rarely with regard to non-native language instructors, who are simultaneously teachers and (advanced) learners of the L2. With regard to English as the target language, this is a true research gap, as nonnative English-speaking teachers (non-NESTs) constitute the majority of English teachers world-wide (Kamhi-Stein 2016). Addressing this research gap, this paper presents a modified replication of Bardovi-Harlig and Dörnyei’s (1998) renowned study on grammatical vs. pragmatic awareness, carried out with non-NEST candidates. While the original study asked the participants for a global indication of (in)appropriateness/ (in)correctness and to rate its severity, the participants in the present study were asked to identify the nature of the violation and to suggest a repair. Inspired by Pfingsthorn and Flöck (2017), the data was analyzed by means of Signal Detection Theory with regard to Hits, Misses, False Alarms and Correct Rejections to gain more detailed insights into the participants’ metalinguistic perceptions. In addition, the study investigated the rate of successful repairs, showing that correct problem identification cannot necessarily be equated with adequate repair abilities. Implications for research, language teaching and language teacher education are derived.

Teaching research on college English translation in the era of big data

2021 ◽  
pp. 002072092098431
Author(s):  
Yue Liu ◽  
Hongyan Bai
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Learning Theory ◽  
English Translation ◽  
Design Theory ◽  
Colleges And Universities ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Constructivist Learning Theory ◽  
College English ◽  
Teaching Time ◽  
Better Than

With the development of the big data era and the opening of translation majors in colleges and universities, translation teaching is gradually receiving attention. However, there are still many problems in the training of translators in colleges and universities in terms of teachers, teaching time and teaching mode. In the context of the era of big data, this article uses questionnaires and data analysis, starting from the PACTE translation ability model, combined with constructivist learning theory, blended learning theory, and instructional design theory to analyze the problems of undergraduate translation ability. This article conducts a questionnaire survey on the 2018 students of XX University’s a major, and analyzes their English scores. Students’ bilingual ability is weak, and it is difficult to consider translation under the influence of context in the translation process; their strategic ability is not ideal, and they lack the ability to solve problems when they encounter specific translation problems. The English performance of the experimental class students who have undergone English translation teaching for one semester is significantly better than the control class students who have not received English translation teaching. Teachers can combine teaching theories to design English translation teaching and cultivate students’ awareness of comparative analysis in English learning. Teachers can cultivate students’ English thinking ability, promote them to master English better, and help them improve their English application ability.

Research on Machine Translation Technology in English Translation Process

2014 ◽  
Vol 687-691 ◽  
pp. 1210-1213
Author(s):  
Ke Tian
Keyword(s):  
Machine Translation ◽  
English Translation ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Translation System ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Sentence Meaning ◽  
Cultural Exchanges ◽  
Response Measures ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Translation Machine

Translation plays an important role in the world economic and cultural exchanges. Translation is divided into machine translation and human translation, which is complement each other in promoting world economic and social development process. In this paper, Collaborative Translation gets much attention, along with the growth of collaborative translation, English translation technology also towards a new milestone, the characteristics of collaborative translation process and scientific literature are briefly introduced, and collaborative translation technology English Translation applications made a brief explanation. From the perspective of the development of machine translation, comparative analysis of the characteristics of human translation machine translation strengths and weaknesses, and we make relevant response measures and selection criteria translation approach. The specific translation system is analyzed from the perspective of textual and the Collaborative Translation shortcomings, as well as interpretation of collaborative translation features, functions and its impact on the meaning and sentence meaning.

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