Contribution of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) in a mixed diet to the nutrient intake of rural children in Ibadan

1. Sixty-four subjects from the rural areas of Ibadan participated in a study to determine the contribution of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) foods to the total intake of nutrients in a mixed diet. The subjects were randomly selected from those who, according to their mothers, reacted to cowpea foods (reactors) and those who did not (non-reactors).2. The results showed that for all subjects, protein, energy and riboflavin needs were not met from the total diet consumed. However, the requirements for vitamin A, thiamin and iron were met.3. Between 30 months and 3 years of age, cowpeas contributed 36.2 and 30.3 % of protein intake for nonreactors and reactors respectively. Corresponding values for energy intake were 17.3 and 17.2 % respectively. Lower percentages were contributed by the diets of 4- to 6-year-olds.4. Irrespective of the classification system used, some of the subjects were found to be suffering from mild to moderate malnutrition, with a few severe cases.

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The Effects of Adult Offspring Migration on Nutrient Intake of Rural Elderly People in China

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1066702/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jinqi Jiang ◽

Shuyu Dong ◽

Zhaoyun Liu ◽

Lin Lin ◽

Miao Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Elderly People ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Protein Intake ◽

Nutrient Intake ◽

Agricultural Sector ◽

Rural Elderly ◽

Adult Offspring ◽

Dietary Energy ◽

Elderly Parents ◽

The Impact

Abstract Sufficient and Reasonable nutrient intake is essential for guaranteeing elderly people’s health, especially in rural China where elderly people are the main labor inputs in agricultural sector. Using the 2011 wave data of China Health and Nutrition Survey, this study has empirical analyzed the impact of adult children’s migration on nutrient intake of their elderly parents in rural areas. The results show that dietary energy and protein intake of rural elderly parents are inadequate where it is less than the Chinese RNI value significantly. Adult offspring migration positively relates with rural elderly parents’ protein intake as well as the dietary energy intake. In the families that partly adult offspring have out-migrated or in the one-child families, elderly parents benefit more from children migration. And for male, younger and low education elders, their nutrient intake is more likely to be improved by offspring migration.

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Dietary intake of protein and fat of 12- to 36-month-old children in a Dutch Total Diet Study

European Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.1007/s00394-021-02653-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Annemieke Maria Pustjens ◽

Jacqueline Jozefine Maria Castenmiller ◽

Jan Dirk te Biesebeek ◽

Polly Ester Boon

Keyword(s):

The Netherlands ◽

Protein Intake ◽

Age Groups ◽

Fat Intake ◽

Total Diet Study ◽

Consumption Data ◽

Group 12 ◽

Food Consumption Survey ◽

Total Diet ◽

Diet Study

Abstract Purpose This study attempted gaining insight into the intake of protein and fat of 12- to 36-month-old children in the Netherlands. Methods In 2017, a Total Diet Study (TDS) was carried out in the Netherlands including following three age groups: 12–17-, 18–23- and 24- to 36-month-old children. Protein and fat concentrations of 164 composite samples were analysed and combined with the consumption data from the Dutch National Food Consumption Survey 2012–2016 (DNFCS). Results Median protein intake of the 12- to 35-month-old Dutch children based on the TDS was 35 g/day with main contributions from the food subgroups “milk and milk-based beverages”, “beef” and “yoghurts and desserts”. Median fat intake was 34 g/day with main contributions from the food subgroups “margarines”, “cheeses” and “milk and milk-based beverages”. For the youngest age group (12- to 18-month-old children), (ready to drink) follow-on formula was one of the main contributors to the fat intake. Conclusion Compared to the EFSA reference values, protein intake of the Dutch 12- to 36-month-old children is high, whereas fat intake follows the reference intake. A TDS is a suitable instrument to estimate macronutrient intakes.

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Dynamic Oral Texture Properties of Selected Indigenous Complementary Porridges Used in African Communities

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods8060221 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 221 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

James Makame ◽

Tanita Cronje ◽

Naushad M. Emmambux ◽

Henriette De Kock

Keyword(s):

Young Children ◽

Low Income ◽

Nutrient Intake ◽

Control Method ◽

Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Texture Properties ◽

Protein Energy ◽

Infants And Young Children

Child malnutrition remains a major public health problem in low-income African communities, caused by factors including the low nutritional value of indigenous/local complementary porridges (CP) fed to infants and young children. Most African children subsist on locally available starchy foods, whose oral texture is not well-characterized in relation to their sensorimotor readiness. The sensory quality of CP affects oral processing (OP) abilities in infants and young children. Unsuitable oral texture limits nutrient intake, leading to protein-energy malnutrition. The perception of the oral texture of selected African CPs (n = 13, Maize, Sorghum, Cassava, Orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP), Cowpea, and Bambara) was investigated by a trained temporal-check-all-that-apply (TCATA) panel (n = 10), alongside selected commercial porridges (n = 19). A simulated OP method (Up-Down mouth movements- munching) and a control method (lateral mouth movements- normal adult-like chewing) were used. TCATA results showed that Maize, Cassava, and Sorghum porridges were initially too thick, sticky, slimy, and pasty, and also at the end not easy to swallow even at low solids content—especially by the Up-Down method. These attributes make CPs difficult to ingest for infants given their limited OP abilities, thus, leading to limited nutrient intake, and this can contribute to malnutrition. Methods to improve the texture properties of indigenous CPs are needed to optimize infant nutrient intake.

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Association of maternal ethnicity and urbanicity on severe pediatric disease: a nationwide cohort study

BMC Pediatrics ◽

10.1186/s12887-019-1885-9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ya-Ting Chang ◽

Huei-Shyong Wang ◽

Jia-Rou Liu ◽

Chi-Nan Tseng ◽

I-Jun Chou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Kawasaki Disease ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Psychotic Disorders ◽

Urban Children ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Rural Children ◽

Research Database ◽

Foreign Born ◽

Healthy Migrant Effect

Abstract Background A healthy migrant effect on birth outcomes has been reported, however, whether this protective effect persists throughout childhood is unknown. The effect of urbanicity on child health among an immigrant population is unclear. The objective of this study was to compare the incidence rate and cumulative incidence of severe diseases among urban children of Taiwan-born mothers, rural children of Taiwan-born mothers, urban children of foreign-born mothers, and rural children of foreign-born mothers. Methods A nationwide cohort study was conducted for children born in Taiwan during 2004–2011 and follow-up till age 4 to 11 years old by linkage the Taiwan Birth Registry 2004–2011, Taiwan Death Registry 2004–2015, and National Health Insurance Research Database 2004–2015. Cox proportional hazards model (multivariable) was used to examine differences among the four study groups. Results There were 682,982 urban children of Taiwan-born mothers, 662,818 rural children of Taiwan-born mothers, 61,570 urban children of foreign-born mothers, 87,473 rural children of foreign-born mothers. Children of foreign-born mothers had a lower incidence of vasculitis, mainly Kawasaki disease. The incidences of congenital disorders did not differ between children of foreign-born mothers and children of Taiwan-born mothers. The incidence of psychotic disorders was higher in urban children. However, children in rural areas had a higher incidence of major trauma/burn and a higher mortality rate. Conclusions A healthy migrant effect was only seen for Kawasaki disease. The mental health of urban children born to immigrant mothers warrants concern.

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Abstract P040: Animal and Vegetable Protein Intake and Coronary Artery Calcium - The Kangbuk Samsung Health Study

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.131.suppl_1.p040 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Yuni Choi ◽

Seungho Ryu ◽

Yoosoo Chang ◽

Jung Eun Lee ◽

Eunju Sung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Dietary Protein ◽

Coronary Artery Calcium ◽

Protein Intake ◽

Nutrient Intake ◽

Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽

Vegetable Protein ◽

Animal Protein ◽

Dietary Protein Intake

Introduction: Few studies have evaluated the association between type and amount of dietary protein intake and clinically evident cardiovascular disease, with inconsistent findings, and no study has investigated the association between type and amount of dietary protein intake and subclinical coronary atherosclerosis. Hypothesis: We examined the associations of total, animal, and vegetable protein intakes with coronary artery calcium (CAC) in a large population of asymptomatic adults. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of 29,034 asymptomatic young and middle-aged adults (mean age 41.6 years; males 80.3%) who are free of clinically evident cancer or cardiovascular disease. All participants underwent a health screening examination including cardiac computed tomography for CAC scoring and completed a food frequency questionnaire at the Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Total Healthcare Centers in Seoul and Suwon, South Korea from March, 2011 to April, 2013. Protein intake and other nutrient intake were adjusted for total energy intake using the residual method. Multivariable-adjusted CAC score ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by robust Tobit regression models for natural logarithm (CAC score + 1). Results: The proportion of study participants with detectable CAC (CAC score > 0) was 13.4 %. After adjustment for total energy intake, other nutrient intake, and potential confounding factors, we found an increased prevalence of CAC with higher animal protein intake, but not with total and vegetable protein intakes. In multivariable-adjusted models, CAC ratios (95% CIs) comparing the highest with the lowest quintiles were 1.82 (1.09-3.04; P for trend = 0.01) for animal protein intake, 1.25 (0.87-1.81; P for trend = 0.13) for vegetable protein intake, and 1.19 (0.74-1.93; P for trend = 0.59) for total protein intake. Conclusion: High animal protein intake, but not total or vegetable protein, was associated with an increased prevalence of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis and with a greater degree of coronary calcification.

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SEANUTS: the nutritional status and dietary intakes of 0.5–12-year-old Thai children

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114513002110 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 110 (S3) ◽

pp. S36-S44 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Nipa Rojroongwasinkul ◽

Kallaya Kijboonchoo ◽

Wanphen Wimonpeerapattana ◽

Sasiumphai Purttiponthanee ◽

Uruwan Yamborisut ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin A ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Vitamin A Deficiency ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Rural Children ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Serum Retinol

In the present study, we investigated nutritional status and health-related factors in a multistage cluster sample of 3119 Thai urban and rural children aged 0·5–12·9 years. In a subsample, blood samples were collected for the measurement of Hb, transferrin receptor, vitamin A and vitamin D concentrations. The prevalence of stunting and underweight was higher in rural children than in urban children, whereas the wasting rate was similar in both rural and urban areas. Among children aged 3·0–5·9 years, the prevalence of overweight was significantly higher in urban areas than in rural areas and so was the obesity rate in children aged 6·0–12·9 years. Protein intakes of all age groups were relatively high in both the areas. Intakes of Ca, Fe, Zn and vitamin C were significantly higher in urban areas than in rural areas. The prevalence of anaemia in rural areas was twice as high as that in urban areas, particularly in infants and young children. However, the prevalence of Fe-deficiency anaemia was similar in both urban and rural areas. While the prevalence of vitamin A deficiency (by serum retinol cut-off < 0·7 μmol/l) seemed to be very low, vitamin A insufficiency (by serum retinol cut-off < 1·05 μmol/l) was more prevalent (29·4–31·7 %) in both the areas. The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency ranged between 27·7 and 45·6 % among the children. The present study indicates that the double burden of malnutrition is still a major public health problem in Thailand. Further studies need to explore the associated risk factors for these nutrient deficiencies. Effective strategies and actions are needed to tackle the nutritional problems in Thai children.

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Assessment of Food and Nutrient Intake of Rural Children

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics ◽

10.1093/tropej/30.1.4 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 4-6

Author(s):

K. I. Bai ◽

K. R. Prasad ◽

V. Srinath

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Intake ◽

Rural Children ◽

Food And Nutrient Intake

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The Validity of Total Diet Studies for Assessing Nutrient Intake

Monitoring Dietary Intakes ◽

10.1007/978-1-4471-1828-2_2 ◽

1991 ◽

pp. 9-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Th. Ockhuizen ◽

H. A. M. G. Vaessen ◽

R. H. de Vos ◽

W. van Dokkum

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Intake ◽

Total Diet

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Nutritional status of soil-transmitted helminthiasis-infected and uninfected children

Paediatrica Indonesiana ◽

10.14238/pi55.3.2015.136-41 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 55 (3) ◽

pp. 136 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nelly Simarmata ◽

Tiangsa Sembiring ◽

Muhammad Ali

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Primary Schools ◽

Infection Intensity ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Trichuris Trichiura ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Malnourished Children ◽

Moderate Malnutrition

Background Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections remain a public health problem in developing countries. Their prevalence is particularly high in rural areas with people of low socioeconomic level. A single or mixed STH infection rarely causes death, but can affect nutritional status, growth, cognitive development and human health, especially in children.Objective To compare the nutritional status of STH-infected and uninfected children.Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in June 2010 in children from 3 primary schools in the Simpang Empat and Kabanjahe Subdistricts, Karo District, North Sumatera Province. Fecal examinations were done by the Kato-Katz method to diagnose STH infections. Participants of this study consisted of 140 infected children and 141 uninfected children. Nutritional status classification was based on the 2000 Centers for Disease Control growth charts. All categorical data were analyzed by Chi-square test.Results Of 140 infected children, 8.6% were infected with Ascaris lumbricoides, 17.1% with Trichuris trichiura and 74.3% with mixed infections (Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura). We found significantly more STH infected children with mild to moderate malnutrition than the uninfected group. We also found significantly more mildly to moderately malnourished children with moderate infection intensity than mild infection intensity.Conclusion We find significantly more STH infected children with mild to moderate malnutrition than the uninfected group. We also find significantly more mildly to moderately malnourished children with moderate infection intensity than mild infection intensity. Higher severity of infection is associated with lower nutritional status.

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