scholarly journals Intrinsic labelling of different foods with stable isotope of zinc (67Zn) for use in bioavailability studies

1991 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Fox ◽  
Susan J. Fairweather-Tait ◽  
John Eagles ◽  
S. Gabrielle Wharf
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Oral Dose ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Water Culture ◽  
Absorption Studies

Intrinsically-labelled foods are required to validate extrinsic-labelling techniques used to study the bioavailability of trace elements. Wheat (Triticum aestivum), peas (Pisum sativum), goat's milk, human milk, eggs and chicken meat were selected for intrinsic-labelling studies with67Zn. Peas were grown hydroponically in enriched nutrient solution and wheat was grown in sand and watered with enriched nutrient solution. Some of the wheat plants were also given stem injections of67Zn solution. Eggs and chicken meat were prepared by administering67Zn intravenously to chickens, and human milk was collected after an oral dose of67Zn in a cola drink. All the foods investigated were sufficiently enriched with67Zn for Zn absorption studies except wheat prepared by the sand and water-culture method.

Holmium as a faecal marker for copper absorption studies in adults

2002 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda J. HARVEY ◽  
Gosia MAJSAK-NEWMAN ◽  
Jack R. DAINTY ◽  
S. Gabrielle WHARF ◽  
Martin D. REID ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Oral Dose ◽  
Absorption Study ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Stable Isotope Label ◽  
Copper Absorption ◽  
Isotope Label ◽  
Food Research ◽  
Absorption Studies ◽  
The Mean

The objective of the present study was to investigate the validity of using holmium as a faecal marker in a copper absorption study using a highly enriched 65Cu stable isotope label. Ten volunteers (nine female, one male) aged 24-55 years were recruited from the Norwich area to take part in a free-living study. The study was conducted in the Human Nutrition Unit at the Institute of Food Research, Norwich, U.K., and involved feeding breakfast test meals containing foods labelled intrinsically or extrinsically with a highly enriched 65Cu stable isotope label. A 1mg oral dose of the rare earth element holmium was administered to volunteers simultaneously with an oral dose of highly enriched 65Cu stable isotope as a label in the breakfast test meal. Complete faecal collections were made for 10 days after dosing, and the mean percentage holmium recovery (±S.D.) was 105±15%. After correcting for re-excreted copper label, the labelled copper and holmium had similar excretory profiles. It was concluded that holmium is a valid faecal marker in adult human copper absorption studies using stable isotopes.

Trace Element Deficiency and Cot Deaths

1981 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Raie ◽  
H. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Normal Adult ◽  
Toxic Trace Elements ◽  
Essential Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Element Deficiency

The level of 10 trace elements (As, Br, Co, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mg, Mn, Se, Zn) in infant tissues (5 cot deaths, 4 other causes) are presented. These levels are compared with the normal adult levels for the same area or with the levels presented in the literature. The concentrations of 5 trace elements (As, Cu, Hg, Mn, Se) in human milk and 4 brands of artificial milks are also given and the intake of these trace elements from human and artificial milk for infants up to the age of 6 months is calculated. It is concluded that some artificial milks contain less of some essential trace elements (e.g. Cu and Se) and are richer in toxic trace elements (e.g. Hg and As). The suggestion of deficiency of the reported trace elements as a cause of cot deaths is rejected.

scholarly journals Trace Elements in Western Canadian Hard Red Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.): Levels and Quality Assurance

2001 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 1953-1963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene J Gawalko ◽  
Robert G Garrett ◽  
Thomas W Nowicki
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Canadian Prairie ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Major Factors

Abstract A monitoring program was conducted for trace elements in Western Canadian Hard Red Spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Samples were selected from harvest survey samples submitted by producers from crop districts in Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta for 1996, 1997, and 1998 crops. The analytical quality control measures used in these surveys are described along with the results for Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Se, and Zn. Accuracy and precision for the analyses fell within the acceptable control limits. Year-to-year variations in grain chemistry were small for Cd, Mn, Se, and Zn, but Cu and Fe contents showed 12 and 9% decreases, respectively, over the 3 years. The overall variability for the plant-essential trace elements—Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn—was low compared with that for Cd and Se. The spatial variation in crop chemistry across the Canadian Prairie wheat-producing region was greater than the year-to-year variations. Soil properties were major factors in controlling Cd and Se levels in grain.

Interference of Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) in Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Weed Science ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 819-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rex Liebl ◽  
A. Douglas Worsham
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Initial Size ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Kernel Weights ◽  
Uptake Rates ◽  
Net Uptake

Wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) grain yields were reduced an average of 4.2% for every 10 Italian ryegrass [Lolium multiflorum(Lam.) # LOLMU] plants/m2within the range of 0 to 100 Italian ryegrass plants/m2. Yield reductions caused by Italian ryegrass were attributed primarily to decreased crop tillering. Italian ryegrass densities as high as 80 plants/m2had little effect on wheat head or kernel weights. In greenhouse experiments, the growth response of Italian ryegrass to increasing concentrations of NO3–and K+was greater than that of wheat. Net uptake rates for NO3–by both species growing in nutrient solution were 1.5 times greater than net uptake rates for K+. Nitrate and potassium Imaxvalues for Italian ryegrass were approximately twice the corresponding values for wheat. Although Italian ryegrass responded more to changes in nutrients and had greater ion uptake rates compared to wheat, Italian ryegrass accumulated more biomass when grown in monoculture than when grown in association with wheat. This difference was probably due to the initial size of the seedlings. Wheat seedlings were much larger than Italian ryegrass seedlings during the first 20 days following emergence.

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