Estimation of plant sterol and cholesterol intake in Finland: quality of new values and their effect on intake

The Finnish national food composition database Fineli® was updated with recent analytical values for plant sterols (PS) (sitosterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, avenasterol, brassicasterols and stanols) and cholesterol. The quality of the new analytical data was assessed. The aims of the present study were: (1) to compare the effect of old and new database values on PS and cholesterol intakes based on average per capita food consumption data; (2) to estimate the current intake and major sources of these compounds in various population groups according to the national FINDIET 1997 survey data. The intake of total PS was 305 mg/d for men and 237 mg/d for women. The respective intakes for cholesterol were 284 mg/d and 201 mg/d. Women had a higher density of PS in their diets than men, whereas the cholesterol density in the diets did not differ between genders. Cereals, margarine, vegetables and vegetable oils were the main food sources of PS. Meat, meat products and eggs were the main sources of cholesterol. A 9 % greater PS intake estimate was obtained with the new PS database compared with the old PS database, probably due to minor methodological differences between the new and old analyses. Notable changes in analytical methods suggest a lower value (−19 %) for cholesterol intake calculated from the new database compared with the old one. We conclude that researchers can have confidence in the new values for PS and cholesterol, because systematic evaluation of the new analytical values showed them to be of high quality.

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Phyto-oestrogen database of foods and average intake in Finland

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1079/bjn2002794 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 89 (S1) ◽

pp. S31-S38 ◽

Cited By ~ 90

Author(s):

Liisa M. Valsta ◽

Annamari Kilkkinen ◽

Witold Mazur ◽

Tarja Nurmi ◽

Anna-Maija Lampi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adult Population ◽

Analytical Data ◽

Meat Products ◽

Food Composition ◽

Processed Meat ◽

Consumption Data ◽

Average Intake ◽

Food Consumption Data ◽

The Mean ◽

Plant Lignans

Information on phyto-oestrogen intake in various populations has been scanty until now, primarily because data on the content of these compounds in foods were lacking. We report here on expansion of the Finnish National Food Composition Database (Fineli®) with values for the plant lignans matairesinol and secoisolariciresinol and the isoflavones daidzein and genistein. The values, expressed as aglycones, were based on food analyses (mainly GC–MS) or imputed from analytical data for 180 foods for lignans and 160 foods for isoflavones; additionally, over 1000 values were derived from the recipe database of Fineli. Average intake of these phyto-oestrogens was calculated using food consumption data of the National Dietary Survey FINDIET 1997, which was carried out in a random sample of the adult population in five areas in Finland. The dietary data were collected by 24 h recall (n=2862). The mean lignan intake was 434 (standard deviation (SD) 1575) μg/d and the mean isoflavone intake was 788 (SD 673) μg/d. Women had a higher lignan density (μg lignans/MJ) in their diet than men (P<0·05). Men had a higher mean daily isoflavone intake, 902 (SD 368) μg, than women, 668 (SD 963) μg (P<0·05). The sources of lignans were many: seeds, cereals, fruit, berries and vegetables. The main sources of isoflavones appeared to be processed meat products/sausages containing soya as an ingredient, and legumes as such. The average intake of lignans and isoflavones in Finland seems to be low, but intake varies throughout the population.

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Isoflavone intake in four different European countries: the VENUS approach

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1079/bjn2002793 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 89 (S1) ◽

pp. S25-S30 ◽

Cited By ~ 87

Author(s):

Marie-Agnes J. van Erp-Baart ◽

Henny A. M. Brants ◽

Mairead Kiely ◽

Angela Mulligan ◽

Aida Turrini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

The Netherlands ◽

Analytical Data ◽

Food Composition ◽

European Countries ◽

Physiological Effects ◽

Common Basis ◽

Isoflavone Content ◽

Consumption Data ◽

Food Consumption Data ◽

The Uk

The aim of this study was to identify the level of isoflavone intake (total isoflavones, daidzein and genistein) in four European countries: Ireland, Italy, The Netherlands and the UK. For this purpose national food composition databases of isoflavone content were created in a comparable way, using the Vegetal Estrogens in Nutrition and the Skeleton (VENUS) analytical data base as a common basis, and appropriate food consumption data were selected. The isoflavone intake in Ireland, Italy, The Netherlands and the UK is on average less than 1 mg/d. Small groups of consumers of soya foods could be identified in Ireland, The Netherlands and the UK. The estimated intake levels are low compared with those found in typical Asian diets (∼20–100 mg/d) and also low compared with levels where physiological effects are expected (60–100 mg/d). The results (including a subgroup analysis of soya product consumers) showed that such levels are difficult to achieve with the European diets studied here.

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Identification of Requirements for Computer-Supported Matching of Food Consumption Data with Food Composition Data

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu10040433 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 433 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Barbara Koroušić Seljak ◽

Peter Korošec ◽

Tome Eftimov ◽

Marga Ocke ◽

Jan van der Laan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Food Consumption ◽

Food Composition ◽

Composition Data ◽

Consumption Data ◽

Food Consumption Data ◽

Food Composition Data

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Poor Dietary Polyphenol Intake in Childhood Cancer Patients

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11112835 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 2835 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ashly Liu ◽

Jennifer Cohen ◽

Orazio Vittorio

Keyword(s):

Childhood Cancer ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Food Sources ◽

Total Polyphenol ◽

Nutritional Interventions ◽

Dietary Recall ◽

Consumption Data ◽

Food Consumption Data ◽

The Mean ◽

Polyphenol Intake

Emerging research demonstrates polyphenol-rich diets like the Mediterranean diet may play a role in improving the outcomes of adult cancer therapy. To date, there are no trials assessing the intake or efficacy of polyphenol-rich diets in childhood cancer patients. In this study we collected dietary data on 59 childhood cancer patients on treatment using a three-pass 24-h dietary recall (24-HDR), which is based on a validated and structured three-part methodology. Polyphenol consumption was calculated by matching the food consumption data with polyphenol content extracted from the most updated Phenol-Explorer database. The mean total polyphenol intake was 173.31 ± 141.02 mg/day. The major food sources of polyphenols were fruits, beverages, and cereals. There were no significant associations with time since diagnosis, body mass index (BMI) z-score, types of cancer, treatment intensity, food-related symptoms, relapse, and total daily polyphenol intake. Further investigation with larger studies will facilitate the steps in assessing the value of polyphenol-rich dietary patterns in future nutritional interventions for childhood cancer patients.

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The Intake of Phosphorus and Nitrites through Meat Products: A Health Risk Assessment of Children Aged 1 to 9 Years Old in Serbia

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu14020242 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 242

Author(s):

Jelena Milešević ◽

Danijela Vranić ◽

Mirjana Gurinović ◽

Vladimir Korićanac ◽

Branka Borović ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Analytical Data ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Meat Products ◽

Dietary Exposure ◽

Phosphorus Concentration ◽

Consumption Data ◽

Food Consumption Survey ◽

Phosphorous Content ◽

Canned Meat ◽

The Mean

This study provides the data on dietary exposure of Serbian children to nitrites and phosphorus from meat products by combining individual consumption data with available analytical data of meat products. A total of 2603 and 1900 commercially available meat products were categorized into seven groups and analysed for nitrite and phosphorous content. The highest mean levels of nitrite content, expressed as NaNO2, were found in finely minced cooked sausages (40.25 ± 20.37 mg/kg), followed by canned meat (34.95 ± 22.12 mg/kg) and coarsely minced cooked sausages (32.85 ± 23.25 mg/kg). The EDI (estimated daily intake) of nitrites from meat products, calculated from a National Food Consumption Survey in 576 children aged 1–9 years, indicated that the Serbian children population exceeded the nitrite ADI (acceptable daily intake) proposed by EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) in 6.4% of children, with a higher proportion in 1–3-year-old participants. The mean phosphorus concentration varied from 2.71 ± 1.05 g/kg to 6.12 ± 1.33 g/kg in liver sausage and pate and smoked meat products, respectively. The EDI of phosphorus from meat products was far below the ADI proposed by EFSA, indicating that the use of phosphorus additives in Serbian meat products is generally in line with legislation.

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Dietary Proteins in Humans: Basic Aspects and Consumption in Switzerland

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000062 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 81 (23) ◽

pp. 87-100 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yves Guigoz

Keyword(s):

Protein Quality ◽

Meat Products ◽

Protein Digestibility ◽

Minimal Amount ◽

Moderate Activity ◽

Biological Value ◽

Protein Consumption ◽

Consumption Data ◽

Food Consumption Data ◽

Amino Acid Score

This introductory review gives an overview on protein metabolism, and discusses protein quality, sources, and requirements as well as the results from recent studies on Swiss spontaneous protein consumption. To assess protein quality in protein mixes and foods, the protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score (PDCAAS) is presented as a valuable tool in addition to the biological value (BV). Considering protein intake recommendations, the lower limit recommended has been defined according to the minimal amount needed to maintain short-term nitrogen balance in healthy people with moderate activity. Evaluation of intakes in Switzerland from food consumption data is about 90 g/day of protein per person. Two-thirds of proteins consumed in Switzerland are animal proteins with high biological value [meat and meat products (28 %), milk and dairy products (28 %), fish (3 %), and eggs (3 %)] and about 1/3 of proteins are of plant origin (25 % of cereals, 3 - 4 % of vegetables). Actual spontaneous protein consumption in Switzerland by specific groups of subjects is well within the actual recommendations (10 - 20 % of energy) with only the frail elderly being at risk of not covering their requirements for protein.

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Zen Macrobiotic Dietary Problems in Infancy

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.53.3.326 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 53 (3) ◽

pp. 326-329

Author(s):

John R. K. Robson ◽

J. E. Konlande ◽

F. A. Larkin ◽

P. A. O'Connor ◽

Hsi-Yen Liu

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Analytical Data ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Amino Acid Content ◽

The United States ◽

Food Composition ◽

Food Composition Tables ◽

Energy Needs ◽

Supplementary Foods

Two infants fed Kokoh, a Zen macrobiotic food mixture comprising cereal grains, legumes, and oil seeds, for a period of several months weighed 4.96 kg and 5.81 kg at 7 and 13 months of age, respectively. Kokoh formulas were evaluated by computation using food composition tables and chemical analysis. The computed energy value of Kokoh was within 3% of that measured by calorimetry. The daily intake of energy by the infants from Kokoh and other supplementary foods was about 400 Calories. This represents only 40% of the Recommended Dietary Allowances (R.D.A.) for the United States. The estimated protein intake was 11 gm for one child, and 13 gm for the other. The quality of the Kokoh protein as determined by computation was adequate for growth, but the analytical data suggested that the amino acid pattern was poor. The unsatisfactory nature of the formulas given to the infants was due to excessive dilution. There is a need for more definitive data on the feasibility of feeding infants Kokoh and similar foods, at a concentration that will meet energy needs. Further information is required on the amino acid content of plant foods used for infant feeding. Until more is known about feeding infants on plant food proteins, infants and children fed Kokoh should be kept under strict surveillance.

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Food composition issues – implications for the development of food-based dietary guidelines

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1079/phn2001153 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 4 (2b) ◽

pp. 677-682 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Catherine Leclercq ◽

Liisa M Valsta ◽

Aida Turrini

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Intake ◽

Analytical Data ◽

Food Composition ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Careful Study ◽

The European Union ◽

Nutrient Intakes ◽

Inappropriate Use ◽

Food Composition Data

AbstractSound food composition databases that are both comprehensive and representative of available foods are an essential basic tool to develop Food Based Dietary Guidelines (FBDG). The main drawbacks of current food composition databases available in the European Union are: partial coverage of foods and nutrients, variability of analytical data, lack of accuracy in the description of food items, need for harmonisation of the expression of nutrients. An inappropriate use of these databases could lead to gross errors in the assessment of the nutrient intake levels, in the identification of the major sources of a nutrient, in the comparison of data between countries and in the analysis of time trends. Inadequacy of food composition data is, in part, responsible for the failure to understand some relationships between nutrient intakes and health or disease and for difficulties in establishing quantitative dietary guidelines in terms of nutrients. Recommendations are made for the compilation of future food composition databases and tools are proposed to enhance the quality of existing data. A careful study of the food composition databases is always necessary before nutrition recommendations are given and before trends in nutrient intakes are interpreted.

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FoodEx2 enhances the harmonization of food consumption, composition and carbon footprint databases

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.769 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

R Ferreira de Sousa ◽

V Padula de Quadros ◽

A Balcerzak ◽

T Bevere

Keyword(s):

Food Consumption ◽

Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽

Food Composition ◽

World Health ◽

Sustainable Food ◽

Middle Income ◽

Food Composition Tables ◽

Consumption Data ◽

Food Consumption Data ◽

Health Organization

Abstract Introduction FoodEx2 is a food classification and description system developed and maintained by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). It is currently used at global level with the support of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations and the World Health Organization (WHO) to harmonize datasets in the FAO/WHO Global Individual Food consumption data Tool - FAO/WHO GIFT. This is an open access online platform hosted by FAO and supported by WHO, for collation and dissemination of individual quantitative food consumption data, especially from low- and middle-income countries. Objective To demonstrate FoodEx2's usefulness in global harmonization of food description in food consumption datasets and its potential in facilitating food matching for various types of food data. Methodology Information was gathered from data owners of food consumption datasets and others who were trained to use FoodEx2, and on the number of datasets that have initiated or completed their data harmonization process, as a result of the FAO/WHO/EFSA collaboration. Main Findings Over 50 data owners of food consumption data and/or food composition tables (FCT) have been trained in data re-categorization with FoodEx2. As a result, 6 FCT and 25 food consumption datasets from 18 countries were or are being coded with FoodEx2, and out of those, 30 datasets are or will soon be disseminated through FAO/WHO GIFT in the form of infographics and microdata. Additionally, at least 3 databases of greenhouse gas emission (GHGE) estimates of foods have been mapped with FoodEx2. Conclusions Increased harmonization with FoodEx2 would enhance the consistency and reliability of nutrient intake assessments. Harmonization with FoodEx2 is being used to assess the environmental impact of diets and help identifying sustainable food consumption patterns.

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How to manage incompleteness of nutritional food sources? A solution using FoodOn as pivot ontology

International Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Information Systems ◽

10.4018/ijaeis.20211001oa04 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 0-0

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Quality ◽

National Level ◽

Food Product ◽

Food Composition ◽

Food Sources ◽

Nutritional Values ◽

United States Food ◽

States Food ◽

The One

In order to correctly assess the nutritional quality of a raw or manufactured food product, the first step is to obtain the associated nutritional values. Food composition databases (FCDBs) managed at national level provide values for nutrients of foods. Unfortunately, values associated with some nutrients of interest may be lacking in the FCDB of the country in which the nutritional quality must be assessed and finding values associated with nutrients for similar foods in other FCDBs is a way to deal with incompleteness. An additional issue arises because the vocabulary used to denote a given food in a given FCDB is usually different from the one used in others. In this paper, the authors address the problem of retrieving the nutritional value of foods by querying different FCDBs through FoodOn used as pivot ontology. The article presents a new food source alignment method between two FCDBs. The method has been evaluated on the French and United States food nutritional evaluation. The proposed solution for the incompleteness management task has been assessed with a real use case.

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