scholarly journals Isoflavone intake in four different European countries: the VENUS approach

2003 ◽  
Vol 89 (S1) ◽  
pp. S25-S30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Agnes J. van Erp-Baart ◽  
Henny A. M. Brants ◽  
Mairead Kiely ◽  
Angela Mulligan ◽  
Aida Turrini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Common Basis ◽  
Isoflavone Content ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Food Consumption Data ◽  
The Uk

The aim of this study was to identify the level of isoflavone intake (total isoflavones, daidzein and genistein) in four European countries: Ireland, Italy, The Netherlands and the UK. For this purpose national food composition databases of isoflavone content were created in a comparable way, using the Vegetal Estrogens in Nutrition and the Skeleton (VENUS) analytical data base as a common basis, and appropriate food consumption data were selected. The isoflavone intake in Ireland, Italy, The Netherlands and the UK is on average less than 1 mg/d. Small groups of consumers of soya foods could be identified in Ireland, The Netherlands and the UK. The estimated intake levels are low compared with those found in typical Asian diets (∼20–100 mg/d) and also low compared with levels where physiological effects are expected (60–100 mg/d). The results (including a subgroup analysis of soya product consumers) showed that such levels are difficult to achieve with the European diets studied here.

Phyto-oestrogen database of foods and average intake in Finland

2003 ◽  
Vol 89 (S1) ◽  
pp. S31-S38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liisa M. Valsta ◽  
Annamari Kilkkinen ◽  
Witold Mazur ◽  
Tarja Nurmi ◽  
Anna-Maija Lampi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Average Intake ◽  
Food Consumption Data ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Plant Lignans

Information on phyto-oestrogen intake in various populations has been scanty until now, primarily because data on the content of these compounds in foods were lacking. We report here on expansion of the Finnish National Food Composition Database (Fineli®) with values for the plant lignans matairesinol and secoisolariciresinol and the isoflavones daidzein and genistein. The values, expressed as aglycones, were based on food analyses (mainly GC–MS) or imputed from analytical data for 180 foods for lignans and 160 foods for isoflavones; additionally, over 1000 values were derived from the recipe database of Fineli. Average intake of these phyto-oestrogens was calculated using food consumption data of the National Dietary Survey FINDIET 1997, which was carried out in a random sample of the adult population in five areas in Finland. The dietary data were collected by 24 h recall (n=2862). The mean lignan intake was 434 (standard deviation (SD) 1575) μg/d and the mean isoflavone intake was 788 (SD 673) μg/d. Women had a higher lignan density (μg lignans/MJ) in their diet than men (P<0·05). Men had a higher mean daily isoflavone intake, 902 (SD 368) μg, than women, 668 (SD 963) μg (P<0·05). The sources of lignans were many: seeds, cereals, fruit, berries and vegetables. The main sources of isoflavones appeared to be processed meat products/sausages containing soya as an ingredient, and legumes as such. The average intake of lignans and isoflavones in Finland seems to be low, but intake varies throughout the population.

scholarly journals Estimation of plant sterol and cholesterol intake in Finland: quality of new values and their effect on intake

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 671-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Valsta ◽  
A. Lemström ◽  
M.-L. Ovaskainen ◽  
A.-M. Lampi ◽  
J. Toivo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Data ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Food Consumption Data ◽  
Cholesterol Intake ◽  
Capita Food

The Finnish national food composition database Fineli® was updated with recent analytical values for plant sterols (PS) (sitosterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, avenasterol, brassicasterols and stanols) and cholesterol. The quality of the new analytical data was assessed. The aims of the present study were: (1) to compare the effect of old and new database values on PS and cholesterol intakes based on average per capita food consumption data; (2) to estimate the current intake and major sources of these compounds in various population groups according to the national FINDIET 1997 survey data. The intake of total PS was 305 mg/d for men and 237 mg/d for women. The respective intakes for cholesterol were 284 mg/d and 201 mg/d. Women had a higher density of PS in their diets than men, whereas the cholesterol density in the diets did not differ between genders. Cereals, margarine, vegetables and vegetable oils were the main food sources of PS. Meat, meat products and eggs were the main sources of cholesterol. A 9 % greater PS intake estimate was obtained with the new PS database compared with the old PS database, probably due to minor methodological differences between the new and old analyses. Notable changes in analytical methods suggest a lower value (−19 %) for cholesterol intake calculated from the new database compared with the old one. We conclude that researchers can have confidence in the new values for PS and cholesterol, because systematic evaluation of the new analytical values showed them to be of high quality.

scholarly journals Phytonutrient intakes in relation to European fruit and vegetable consumption patterns observed in different food surveys

2014 ◽  
Vol 112 (7) ◽  
pp. 1214-1225 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Tennant ◽  
Julia Davidson ◽  
Andrea J. Day
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Fruit And Vegetables ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Food Consumption Data ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Average Consumption

Fruit and vegetables make an important contribution to health, partly due to the composition of phytonutrients, such as carotenoids and polyphenols. The aim of the present study was to quantify the intake of fruit and vegetables across different European countries using food consumption data of increasing complexity: food balance sheets (FBS); the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) Comprehensive Database; individual food consumption data from the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS). Across Europe, the average consumption of fruit and vegetables ranged from 192 to 824 g/d (FBS data). Based on EFSA data, nine out of fourteen countries consumed < 400 g/d (recommended by the WHO), although even in the highest-consuming countries such as Spain, 36 % did not reach the target intake. In the UK, the average consumption of fruit and vegetables was 310 g/d (NDNS data). Generally, phytonutrient intake increased in accordance with fruit and vegetable intake across all European countries with the exception of lycopene (from tomatoes), which appeared to be higher in some countries that consumed less fruit and vegetables. There were little differences in the average intake of flavanols, flavonols and lycopene in those who did or did not meet the 400 g/d recommendation in the UK. However, average intakes of carotenoid, flavanone, anthocyanidin and ellagic acid were higher in those who consumed >400 g/d of fruit and vegetables compared with those who did not. Overall, intakes of phytonutrients are highly variable, suggesting that while some individuals obtain healthful amounts, there may be others who do not gain all the potential benefits associated with phytonutrients in the diet.

Legal Deposit of Electronic Publications and Other Non-Print Material: An International Overview

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Hoare
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Print Material ◽  
International Coordination ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Electronic Publications ◽  
The Uk ◽  
West European

In many countries, including the UK, proposals are currently being made for the extension of legal deposit to electronic and other non-print material. Some countries such as Switzerland and the Netherlands have no national legal deposit legislation, though voluntary deposit works well in the latter. Norway has the most advanced legislation, requiring the deposit of all lands of media. In few countries is any range of material actively handled, and a very few deal with online publications. There is scope for international coordination of proposals through such bodies as CDNL, CENL, IFLA and UNESCO. The aim of totally comprehensive collecting of all published material may be accepted as unrealistic, and some selectively is likely to be necessary. The current situation with regard to deposit of non-print material in 11 west European countries, Australia, Canada and the USA is recounted.

scholarly journals Between-Country Comparability of Clinical Chemistry Results: An International Quality Assessment Survey of 17 Analytes in Six European Countries through Existing National Schemes

1993 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
R T P Jansen ◽  
D G Bullock ◽  
A Vassault ◽  
H Baadenhuijsen ◽  
A De Leenheer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Mutual Recognition ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
The Uk

Two lyophilized control sera were distributed through seven national external quality assessment schemes in six European countries—Belgium, Switzerland, France, The Netherlands, Sweden and the United Kingdom—participated in the study. The results for 17 routine analytes were obtained from almost 5000 laboratories for the two sera. The organizers of the schemes were asked to process the results according to a common outlier removal procedure, and submit method-related data if available. The two sera were also distributed through the external/internal scheme of The Netherlands, and the within-laboratory standard deviations calculated in this scheme have been used in a scaling procedure for the external mean values and between-laboratory standard deviations of the participating countries. The results show remarkable agreement in the national mean values for practically all analytes, but considerable differences in the between-laboratory variation. Data from comparable method groups was obtained for 12 analytes from Belgium, France, The Netherlands and the UK. Though revealing some specific differences between methods and countries, the method-related data are generally in agreement with the all-method data. In this study reference method values were only available for cholesterol. The high degree of agreement found suggests, however, that mutual recognition of all-method mean values in national schemes could be acceptable, especially for analytes for which reliable reference methods are not available. The major element of variation is between-laboratory rather than between-country.

scholarly journals Identification of Requirements for Computer-Supported Matching of Food Consumption Data with Food Composition Data

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Koroušić Seljak ◽  
Peter Korošec ◽  
Tome Eftimov ◽  
Marga Ocke ◽  
Jan van der Laan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Composition Data ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Food Consumption Data ◽  
Food Composition Data

Organisation of work and working times in IT

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janneke Plantenga ◽  
Chantal Remery
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Working Time ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Full Time ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Relevant Factors

This article explores the organisation of work and working times in IT. It builds on case-studies in five European countries: Denmark, Germany, Finland, the Netherlands and the UK. At first glance, the organisation of work and working time seems quite traditional: a full-time permanent contract is still the standard. Yet, new forms of employment do occur. Relevant factors in this respect are the nature of the service provided, the nature of the workforce and flexibility requirements.

scholarly journals Intake of alkylresorcinols from wheat and rye in the United Kingdom and Sweden

2005 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 496-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alastair B. Ross ◽  
Wulf Becker ◽  
Yan Chen ◽  
Afaf Kamal-Eldin ◽  
Per Åman
Keyword(s):  
Household Survey ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Phenolic Lipids ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Food Consumption Data ◽  
Household Survey Data ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Uk ◽  
British People

Alkylresorcinols, phenolic lipids present in high amounts in whole-grain wheat and rye but not present in appreciable amounts in other foods, are candidates as biomarkers of whole-grain intake from these cereals. We estimated the intake of alkylresorcinols in Sweden and the UK using two different methods: food supply data (FSD); food consumption data (FCD; based on individual and household survey data). The average per capita intake of alkylresorcinols in Sweden was 17·5 mg/d v(FSD) and 22·9 (sd 16·6) mg/d (FCD), while in the UK it was 11·9 mg/d (FSD) and 11·8 (sd 18·62) mg/d (FCD). Ninety-six per cent of all Swedes consumed some alkylresorcinols, compared with 50 % of British people surveyed. Both women and men over the age of 40 years had a higher alkylresorcinol intake than younger people. The average results from the two methods were similar, but the FCD data provided more detail about the range of alkylresorcinol intake, and indicate that because the intake of alkylresorcinols varies so widely, they may be good markers of diets rich or poor in whole-grain wheat/rye products.

scholarly journals Plasma levels of six carotenoids in nine European countries: report from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 713-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wael K Al-Delaimy ◽  
Anne Linda van Kappel ◽  
Pietro Ferrari ◽  
Nadia Slimani ◽  
Jean-Paul Steghens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Disease Associations ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Prospective Investigation

AbstractBackground:In addition to their possible direct biological effects, plasma carotenoids can be used as biochemical markers of fruit and vegetable consumption for identifying diet–disease associations in epidemiological studies. Few studies have compared levels of these carotenoids between countries in Europe.Objective:Our aim was to assess the variability of plasma carotenoid levels within the cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).Methods:Plasma levels of six carotenoids – α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, lutein and zeaxanthin – were measured cross-sectionally in 3043 study subjects from 16 regions in nine European countries. We investigated the relative influence of gender, season, age, body mass index (BMI), alcohol intake and smoking status on plasma levels of the carotenoids.Results:Mean plasma level of the sum of the six carotenoids varied twofold between regions (1.35μmoll−1for men in Malmö, Sweden vs. 2.79μmoll−1for men in Ragusa/Naples, Italy; 1.61μmoll−1for women in The Netherlands vs. 3.52μmoll−1in Ragusa/Naples, Italy). Mean levels of individual carotenoids varied up to fourfold (α-carotene: 0.06μmoll−1for men in Murcia, Spain vs. 0.25μmoll−1for vegetarian men living in the UK). In multivariate regression analyses, region was the most important predictor of total plasma carotenoid level (partialR2=27.3%), followed by BMI (partialR2=5.2%), gender (partialR2=2.7%) and smoking status (partialR2=2.8%). Females had higher total carotenoid levels than males across Europe.Conclusions:Plasma levels of carotenoids vary substantially between 16 different regions in Italy, Greece, Spain, France, Germany, the UK, Sweden, Denmark and The Netherlands. Compared with region of residence, the other demographic and lifestyle factors and laboratory measurements have limited predictive value for plasma carotenoid levels in Europe.

scholarly journals Intellectual Property Management: European Universities Experience

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Kalinin ◽  
Yu. V. Nechepurenko
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Property Management ◽  
European Universities ◽  
Intellectual Property Management ◽  
Main Components ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The University

A comparative analysis of policies in the field of intellectual property (IP) of universities in leading European countries: Switzerland, the UK and the Netherlands. As a result of the comparison, the main components of these policies are identified as a single document: the purpose of the policy, the procedure for determining copyright holders, students' rights to IP, material incentives for using IP, and responsible structures. The policy of each university takes into account the features and traditions of its activities. It was revealed that each university has its own approach to material incentives for the creation and use of IP. The conditions are established under which the university does not claim to IP created by students. It is concluded that it is advisable to develop similar IP policies for Belarusian universities.

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