Determination of Prostate-Specific Antigen in Serum and a Reference Material by On-Chip Immunoaffinity Chromatography

SummaryBackground: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a glycoprotein tumor marker known to exist as numerous glycospecies. Investigations on its glycobiochemical properties aimed at their use in the preparation of adjuncts in determining PSA concentration for clinical purposes have accumulated a lot of data on its structural properties. In this study, we reconsidered unexplored ubiquitously present low molecular mass species of PSA regarding to molecular mass, origin and pathophysiological source specificity in order to evaluate them as biomarkers. Methods: Data on low molecular mass PSA-immunoreactive species from sera of subjects with prostate cancer (PCa), benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), breast cancer (BCa), and urine of healthy males obtained by on-chip immunoaffinity chromatography combined with mass spectrometry were analyzed. Results: The results obtained indicated PSA species common to BCa, PCa, and BPH at 12-13 kDa, 17-19 kDa and 21-24 kDa. The striking difference in predominant frequencies made the profile characteristic in each examined pathophysiological condition. On the other hand, paired groups of prostatic and extraprostatic PSA contained rare species with small differences among groups concerning individual species. Low molecular mass PSA also included rare species unique for each group of samples. Conclusion: The results obtained revealed that uniformity of low molecular mass PSA-immunoreactive species in sera prevails over diversity related to cancer and non-cancer conditions, but at the same time some of them are molecules with biomarker potential for BPH detection.

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Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence Peptide-Based Biosensor for the Determination of Prostate-Specific Antigen Based on Target-Induced Cleavage of Peptide

Analytical Chemistry ◽

10.1021/ac402991r ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 86 (3) ◽

pp. 1372-1379 ◽

Cited By ~ 73

Author(s):

Honglan Qi ◽

Min Li ◽

Manman Dong ◽

Sanpeng Ruan ◽

Qiang Gao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Specific Antigen ◽

Specific Antigen ◽

Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence

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Determination of prostate specific antigen mRNA in peripheral blood by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and a simple chemiluminometric hybridization assay in a high-throughput format

Analytical Biochemistry ◽

10.1016/s0003-2697(02)00566-3 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 313 (1) ◽

pp. 97-105 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Evaggelia Emmanouilidou ◽

Penelope C Ioannou ◽

Theodore K Christopoulos ◽

Konstantinos Polizois

Keyword(s):

Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Reverse Transcriptase ◽

Prostate Specific Antigen ◽

High Throughput ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Specific Antigen ◽

Hybridization Assay ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Polymerase Chain

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Characterization and determination of the complex between prostate-specific antigen and α1-protease inhibitor in benign and malignant prostatic diseases

Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation ◽

10.1080/713783586 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 60 ◽

pp. 51-58 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

W.M. Zhang ◽

P. Finne ◽

J. Leinonen ◽

U.H. Stenman

Keyword(s):

Protease Inhibitor ◽

Prostate Specific Antigen ◽

Specific Antigen ◽

Prostatic Diseases

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Determination of Non-α1-Antichymotrypsin-complexed Prostate-specific Antigen as an Indirect Measurement of Free Prostate-specific Antigen: Analytical Performance and Diagnostic Accuracy

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1373/49.6.887 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 49 (6) ◽

pp. 887-894 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Sebastian Wesseling ◽

Carsten Stephan ◽

Axel Semjonow ◽

Michael Lein ◽

Brigitte Brux ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Specific Antigen ◽

Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Specific Antigen ◽

Roc Curves ◽

Indirect Measurement ◽

Free Psa ◽

Specificity And Sensitivity ◽

Diagnostic Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Total Psa

Abstract Background: A new assay measures prostate-specific antigen (PSA) not complexed to α1-antichymotrypsin (nACT-PSA) after removing PSA complexed to ACT by use of anti-ACT antibodies. We evaluated nACT-PSA and its ratio to total PSA (tPSA) as alternatives to free PSA (fPSA) and its ratio to tPSA in differentiating prostate cancer (PCa) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in patients with tPSA of 2–20 μg/L. Methods: PSA in serum of 183 untreated patients with PCa and 132 patients with BPH was measured retrospectively on the chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer LIAISON® (Byk-Sangtec Diagnostica) with the LIAISON tPSA and LIAISON fPSA assays. The nACT-PSA fraction was determined with a prototype assay measuring the residual PSA after precipitation of ACT-PSA with an ACT-precipitating reagent. Results:nACT-PSA was higher than fPSA in samples with fPSA concentrations <1 μg/L but lower in samples with >1 μg/L fPSA. The median ratios of fPSA/tPSA and of nACT-PSA/tPSA were significantly different between patients with BPH and PCa (19.4% vs 12.2% and 17.4% vs 13.0%, respectively). Within the tPSA ranges tested (2–20, 2–10, and 4–10 μg/L), areas under the ROC curves for the fPSA/tPSA ratios were significantly larger than those for nACT-PSA/tPSA. In the tPSA ranges <10 μg/L, the areas under the ROC curves for fPSA/tPSA were significantly larger than those for tPSA, whereas the areas for nACT-PSA/tPSA were not. At decision limits for 95% sensitivity and specificity, both ratios significantly increased specificity and sensitivity, respectively, compared with tPSA, but the fPSA/tPSA ratio showed higher values. Conclusions: nACT-PSA and its ratio to tPSA provide lower diagnostic sensitivity and specificity than fPSA/tPSA. The fPSA/tPSA ratio represents the state-of-the-art method for differentiating between PCa and BPH.

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