scholarly journals Evaluating Covariate Effects on ESM Measurement Model Changes with Latent Markov Factor Analysis: A Three-Step Approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
Leonie V.D.E. Vogelsmeier ◽  
Jeroen K. Vermunt ◽  
Anne Bülow ◽  
Kim De Roover
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Covariate Effects

scholarly journals Evaluating Covariate Effects on ESM Measurement Model Changes with Latent Markov Factor Analysis: A Three-Step Approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonie V. D. E. Vogelsmeier ◽  
Jeroen K. Vermunt ◽  
Anne Bülow ◽  
Kim De Roover
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Markov Model ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Specific Factor ◽  
Latent Markov Model ◽  
Covariate Effects ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
Over Time

Invariance of the measurement model (MM) between subjects and within subjects over time is a prerequisite for drawing valid inferences when studying dynamics of psychological factors in intensive longitudinal data. To conveniently evaluate this invariance, latent Markov factor analysis (LMFA) was proposed. LMFA combines a latent Markov model with mixture factor analysis: The Markov model captures changes in MMs over time by clustering subjects’ observations into a few states and state-specific factor analyses reveal what the MMs look like. However, to estimate the model, the authors employed a full information maximum likelihood (FIML) approach that is counterintuitive for applied researchers and entails cumbersome model selection procedures in the presence of many covariates. In this paper, we simplify the complex LMFA estimation and facilitate the exploration of covariate effects on state memberships by splitting the estimation in three intuitive steps: (1) obtain states with mixture factor analysis while treating repeated measures as independent, (2) assign observations to the states, and (3) use these states in a discrete- or continuous-time latent Markov model taking into account classification errors. A real data example demonstrates the empirical value.

Development and initial validation of the Subjective Academic Wellbeing Measure: A new tool of youth wellbeing in school

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-11
Author(s):  
Gökmen Arslan ◽  
Murat Yıldırım ◽  
Silvia Majercakova Albertova
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
School Context ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Academic Functioning ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Gender Groups

The purpose of the current study was to investigate the preliminary development and validation of the Subjective Academic Wellbeing Measure (SAWM), which is a six-item self-report rating measure intended for use as a screening tool to assess the positive academic functioning of young people within the elementary and high school context. Exploratory factor analysis was performed with Sample 1 (N= 161), indicating that the SAWM was characterized by a unidimensional measurement model and had strong factor loadings. Results from confirmatory factor analysis, which was carried out with Sample 2 (N= 199), confirmed the measurement model by yielding good data-model fit statistics that were characterized by strong latent construct and internal reliability estimates. Further analyses showed that the scale had good convergent validity considering scores from several self-reported scales of student mental health problems and positive school functioning. Further analyses also showed that configural, metric, and scalar measurement invariance were observed across gender groups. These results provide initial evidence suggesting that the SAWM is a reliable and valid measure that can be used to assess the positive academic functioning of students within the school context. Implications are discussed, and some suggestions are provided for future research and practice

Measuring Entrepreneurial Orientation in Developing Economies: Scale Development and Validation

2021 ◽  
pp. 227868212110451
Author(s):  
Asif Ali ◽  
Ashok Aima ◽  
Jaya Bhasin ◽  
Robert D. Hisrich
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Scale Development ◽  
Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Major Drawback ◽  
Model Fit Indices ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities

Entrepreneurial orientation (EO) refers to entrepreneurial activities of established and existing firms. It is different from individual entrepreneurial orientation (Popov et al., 2019, Education + Training, vol. 61, pp. 65–78). EO refers to the processes, practices, and decision-making activities that lead to new venture creation (Walter et al., 2006, Journal of Business Venturing, vol. 21, pp. 541–567). The EO scale by Lumpkin and Dess (1996, Academy of Management Review, vol. 21, pp. 135–172) consists of innovativeness, proactiveness, risk-taking, competitive aggressiveness, and autonomy. This scale is widely used in literature with major drawback of it being developed and evaluated in a developed economy (the USA) on large corporations. Very little literature is available with reference to validation of EO scales in developing economies, particularly India where firms are generally small. New Comprehensive Entrepreneurial Orientation Scale (CENTORES) has been developed and validated by adding additional dimension of strategic flexibility, which is the novelty of the present study. Data were collected using a survey instrument comprising of 19 items. The scientific scale development procedure as suggested by Schwab, (1980) was followed, first an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was done to explore factors and later confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was done to confirm factors (using SPSS and Amos). Six stable factors emerged from EFA which were subsequently confirmed through CFA. The measurement model confirmed the factors with good model fit indices as suggested by Hair et al. (2014). The model has CMIN/df = 2.237, CFI = 0.917, GFI = 0.928, NFI = 0.882, and RMSEA = 0.052

scholarly journals Cultivating Students’ STEAM Competence in STEAM Education: Constructing Models and Developing Measurement Scale in Chinese primary school

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
shan chen
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Situated Learning ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Measurement Scale ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Steam Education ◽  
Hierarchy Model

<p>To improve the quality of STEAM education and cultivate STEAM competence, the purpose of this research was designed to examine the students’ experiences in cultivating STEAM competence, which was focused on students’ engaging experience in STEAM education. Through several investigation and questionnaires to achieve this purpose, to construct an analytic hierarchy model and measurement model by employing the analytic hierarchy process and confirmatory factor analysis in R 3.3.3 and Mplus8.3. Besides, correlation analysis, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and path analysis were also employed. The participants are the researchers, educators, and administrators (Total= 856), as well as the 4<sup>th</sup> grade to 6<sup>th</sup> grade students (N=1126). Summarizing the main results: (1) the dimension of students’ STEAM competence (SSC) was established through the analytic hierarchy model, which was practical cognition, interpersonal interaction, and comprehensive influence point to the individual, society, and living world. (2) the criteria and sub-criteria of SSC were modified, corrected, and determined through the analytic hierarchy model and measurement model to construct the SSC scale (SSCs), which was psychological cognition, situated learning, practical inquiry, social communication, rational decision making, creative presentation, and impact assessment. (3) the relationships between each criterion were examined through correlation analysis and path analysis. Finally, the conclusion, significance, limitations, and future work were also discussed to promote the development of students’ STEAM competence.<b></b></p>@font-face{ font-family:"Times New Roman"; }@font-face{ font-family:"宋体"; }@font-face{ font-family:"DengXian"; }@font-face{ font-family:"DejaVu Sans"; }p.MsoNormal{ mso-style-name:正文; mso-style-parent:""; margin:0pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-indent:10.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count:2.0000; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; mso-layout-grid-align:none; layout-grid-mode:char; mso-pagination:none; font-family:'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family:宋体; color:rgb(0,0,0); font-size:12.0000pt; mso-font-kerning:10.5000pt; }p.MsoHeader{ mso-style-name:页眉; margin:0pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-indent:10.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count:2.0000; border-top:none; mso-border-top-alt:none; border-right:none; mso-border-right-alt:none; border-bottom:none; mso-border-bottom-alt:none; border-left:none; mso-border-left-alt:none; padding:1pt 4pt 1pt 4pt ; mso-layout-grid-align:none; layout-grid-mode:char; mso-pagination:none; text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph; font-family:'DejaVu Sans'; mso-fareast-font-family:宋体; mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman'; color:rgb(0,0,0); font-size:9.0000pt; mso-font-kerning:10.5000pt; }span.msoIns{ mso-style-type:export-only; mso-style-name:""; text-decoration:underline; text-underline:single; color:blue; }span.msoDel{ mso-style-type:export-only; mso-style-name:""; text-decoration:line-through; color:red; }div.Section0{page:Section0;}

scholarly journals Comparing item parameter estimates and fit statistics of the Rasch model from three different traditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahrul Hayat ◽  
Muhammad Dwirifqi Kharisma Putra ◽  
Bambang Suryadi
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Rasch Model ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Rasch Measurement ◽  
Item Parameter ◽  
Rasch Models ◽  
Rasch Measurement Model ◽  
Item Factor Analysis ◽  
The Rasch Model ◽  
Special Case

Rasch model is a method that has a long history in its application in the fields of social and behavioral sciences including educational measurement. Under certain circumstances, Rasch models are known as a special case of Item response theory (IRT), while IRT is equivalent to the Item Factor Analysis (IFA) models as a special case of Structural Equation Models (SEM), although there are other ‘tradition’ that consider Rasch measurement models not part of both. In this study, a simulation study was conducted to using simulated data to explain how the interrelationships between the Rasch model as a constraint version of 2-parameter logistic (2-PL) IRT, Rasch model as an item factor analysis were compared with the Rasch measurement model using Mplus, IRTPRO and WINSTEPS program, each of which came from its own 'tradition'. The results of this study indicate that Rasch models and IFA as a special case of SEM are mathematically equal, as well as the Rasch measurement model, but due to different philosophical perspectives people might vary in their understanding about this concept. Given the findings of this study, it is expected that confusion and misunderstanding between the three can be overcome.

Psychometric Evaluation of the Comprehensive Score for Financial Toxicity Scale Among Iranian Cancer Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Pahlevan Sharif ◽  
Ong Fon Sim ◽  
Mozhgan Moshtagh ◽  
Navaz Naghavi ◽  
Hamid Sharif Nia
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Financial Distress ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Financial Toxicity ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Factor Measurement

Abstract Objective This study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of financial toxicity (COST) scale in a sample of cancer patients in Iran. Methods A total of 398 cancer patients completed a demographic questionnaire and the 11-item Persian COST. Performing a Maximum likelihood exploratory factor analysis, extracted three factors of financial worry (four items), financial distress (three items) and direct and indirect cost of control (three items) accounting for 65.204% of the variance. The highest load was related to financial distress and the lowest was related to direct and indirect costs concerns. Results The results of conducting confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the three-factor measurement model had a good fit. Moreover, the measurement model showed good items consistency, good construct reliability, as well as good construct validity in terms of convergent and discriminant validity. Conclusion This study highlights the importance of validating the scale in different contexts as the structure and loadings of the factors have appeared diffidently in various countries. The validated Persian COST can be used in future studies in Iran as a reliable and valid scale to measure financial toxicity among cancer patients.

Investigating the Measurement of Consumer Ecological Behaviour, Environmental Knowledge, Healthy Food, and Healthy Way of Life

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norazah Mohd Suki
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Environmental Knowledge ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Computer Programme ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Ecological Behaviour

The objective of this research is to investigate the measurement of consumer ecological behaviour, environmental knowledge, healthy food, and healthy way of life that is derived from the literature and survey. Correlations between environmental knowledge, healthy food, and healthy way of life with consumer ecological behaviour are also investigated. Statistical techniques were used to analyse the data using descriptive and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with the computer programme Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. The latter was performed using principal component analysis and varimax rotation with the objective to test the underlying factor structure of the data. Next, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was executed via structural equation modeling (SEM) technique using analysis of moment structures (AMOS) computer programme version 21 in order to confirm the measurement model. CFA results show that the correlations between environmental knowledge, healthy way of life, and healthy food with consumer ecological behaviour were significant and supported, respectively. This study contributes to the extant literature on consumer ecological behaviour by developing a robust measure. Results offer a clearer perspective for companies to identify consumer ecological behaviour for better market segmentation, targeting and positioning of green products that are not harmful to the environment and could promote demands. The research implications are further explicated and the directions for future research are also elucidated.

scholarly journals A confirmatory factor analysis of the knowledge, attitude and practice questionnaire towards prevention of respiratory tract infections during Hajj and Umrah

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Dauda Goni ◽  
Nyi Nyi Naing ◽  
Habsah Hasan ◽  
Nadiah Wan-Arfah ◽  
Zakuan Zainy Deris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Abstract Background Respiratory tract infections are one of the common infection associated with Hajj pilgrimage that is of great public health and global concern. This study is aimed at determining the factor structure of the knowledge, attitude, and practice questionnaire for the prevention of respiratory tract infections during Hajj by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Methods A multistage cluster sampling method was conducted on Malaysian Umrah pilgrims during the weekly Umrah orientation course. A total of 200 Umrah pilgrims participated in the study. The knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) questionnaire was distributed to pilgrims at the beginning of the orientation and retrieved immediately at the end of the orientation. Data analysis was done using R version 3.5.0 after data entry into SPSS 24. The robust maximum likelihood was used for the estimation due to the multivariate normality assumption violation. A two-factor model was tested for measurement model validity and construct validity for each of the attitude and practice domains. Results CFA of a 25-item in total, the two-factor model yielded adequate goodness-of-fit values. The measurement model also showed good convergent and discriminant validity after model re-specification. A two-factor model was tested for measurement model validity and construct validity for each of the attitude and practice domains. The result also showed a statistically significant value (p < 0.001) with χ2 (df) values of 76.8 (43) and 121 (76) for attitude and practice domains, respectively. Conclusion The KAP questionnaire was proven to have a valid measurement model and reliable constructs. It was deemed suitable for use to measure the KAP of Hajj and Umrah pilgrims towards the prevention for all respiratory tract infections.

Patients’ Perception Towards Branded and Generic Medicines in an Emerging Economy: A Scale Development and Validation Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1292-1310
Author(s):  
Md. Moddassir Alam ◽  
Arun Mittal ◽  
Deepak Chawla
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Emerging Economy ◽  
Measurement Scale ◽  
Generic Medicines ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha

The study intends to develop and validate a scale to gauge the perception of patients towards branded and generic medicines in an emerging economy like India. Items were generated through literature review and exploratory semi-structured interview with patients and physicians. In the way of establishing generic medicines in the market, patients’ acceptability is very much essential. However, with the advent of information age, the patients are now becoming more conscious and aware regarding the generic medicines, and there is an improvement in the acceptability of generic medicines. Hence, the measurement of their perception towards generic medicines becomes an important issue for various stakeholders of the medical world—physicians, government, pharmaceutical companies and chemists. However, no studies regarding the measurement of perception towards the branded and generic have been conducted to develop and validate measurement scale. The present study is an attempt towards fulfilling this gap. A total of 361 valid responses were obtained using purposive sampling. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was carried out through principal component analysis (PCA) followed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to establish the validity of the proposed measurement model. The five factors extracted from EFA were named as quality (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.887), trust (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.919), sustained effectiveness (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.832), reputation (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.881) and psychological benefits (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.737). The obtained factors were found reliable and valid for measuring perception of the patients towards generic and branded medicines in emerging market settings. Convergent and discriminant validity of the scale was also established.

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