Are remote clinical assessments a feasible and acceptable method of assessment? A systematic review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Setor K. Kunutsor ◽  
Elizabeth P. Metcalf ◽  
Rachel Westacott ◽  
Lisa Revell ◽  
Andrew Blythe
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Assessments ◽  
Acceptable Method ◽  
Method Of Assessment

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of Formative Assessment Tools in the Blended Learning Environment

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.11) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indah Febriani ◽  
M. M. Irsyad Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Learning Environment ◽  
Blended Learning ◽  
Formative Assessment ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Exclusion Process ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Automatic Assessment ◽  
Method Of Assessment

An effective method of student assessment technique is necessary for assessing student knowledge. Nowadays, the utilization of formative assessment tools in blended learning is increasing because it can enhance the learning quality. The main aim of this study to identify and classify existing research through the research approach, assessment tools type, and assessment specialty on formative assessment tools in a blended learning environment. This study guiding the educators in choosing and developing new assessment tools. The methodology of this research using a systematic review. This method using the inclusion and exclusion process to make a systematic review focused and choose appropriate studies. The result shows that the highest usage of assessment tool type is automatic assessment with the percentage of 87%. Semi-Automatic assessment has 13% and manual assessment 0%. It proves that technology is an important part of education and teaching because significantly transform the method of assessment from manual to automatic assessment type. This is a great transformation from the traditional method to the modern method of assessment. We recommend to further improve methods for online formative assessment and develop computer-based testing in a blended learning environment for future work.  

scholarly journals Biomarkers to aid the return to play decision following sports-related concussion: a systematic review

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 205970022110707
Author(s):  
Nipuna Senaratne ◽  
Alexandra Hunt ◽  
Eleanor Sotsman ◽  
Michael J. Grey
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Diffuse Axonal Injury ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Neurological Injury ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Clinical Assessments ◽  
Clinical Recovery ◽  
Symptom Scores

Premature return to play (RTP) following sports-related concussion (SRC) is associated with significant morbidity including risk of neurological and non-neurological injury, persistent post-concussion symptoms and chronic neurological deficits. Assessing athletes for RTP is critical but these decisions are currently based on clinical assessments that are subject to bias and symptomatic reporting that rely on compliance. An objective and easily obtained biomarker that can indicate recovery following SRC would aid clinicians to make safer RTP decisions. We performed a systematic review to identify potential biomarkers from saliva, urine and blood sources that could inform the clinical RTP decision. The MEDLINE database was searched. Inclusion criteria were studies focusing on adults diagnosed with SRC, fluid biomarkers from blood, saliva or urine and clinical recovery from SRC or at RTP. We assessed each biomarker for their time course post SRC and relationship to clinical recovery. Secondary outcomes included correlation with symptom scores and predictive value for prolonged RTP. We identified 8 studies all investigating blood-based markers of diffuse axonal injury (tau, NFL, SNTF), neuroglial injury (NSE, VLP-1, UCH-L1, S100B, GFAP), inflammation and hormonal disturbances. Tau, SNTF, UCH-1, GFAP, S100B and the inflammatory cytokine MCP-4 are raised post SRC and return to baseline by RTP. Changes in tau, NFL, SNTF, GFAP and MCP-4 post SRC correlate with severity of concussion as measured by symptom severity or RTP duration. There is only preliminary case-reporting for hormonal biomarkers. The evidence is limited by a lack of highly powered studies, variation in use of athletic and Contact sport controls (CSC) and a lack of consistent sampling and assessment protocols. There is promise for biomarkers to aid RTP decisions following SRC, most notably in use alongside clinical assessment in RTP criteria to allow greater precision in identifying mild and severe concussion.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Non-Adherence in Patients with Resistant Hypertension: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabrielle Bourque ◽  
Julius Vladimir Ilin ◽  
Marcel Ruzicka ◽  
Alexandra Davis ◽  
Gregory Hundemer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Resistant Hypertension ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Direct Methods ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Secondary Hypertension ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Adherence Assessment ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
Method Of Assessment

Background: Resistant hypertension is quite prevalent and a risk factor for cardiovascular events. Patients with suspected resistant hypertension undergo more screening intensity for secondary hypertension, despite some of them being non-adherent to prescribed pharmacotherapy. The prevalence of non-adherence in this setting varies from about 5 to 80% in the published literature. Apart from the wide range, the relation between method of assessment and prevalence is not well established. Our objective was to establish the overall prevalence of non-adherence in the apparent treatment resistant hypertension population, explore causes of heterogeneity, and evaluate the effect of the method of assessment on the estimate of non-adherence. Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis. MEDLINE, EMBASE Classic+EMBASE, Cochrane, CINAHL, and Web of Science were searched for relevant articles. Details about the method of adherence assessment were extracted from each included article and grouped into direct and indirect. Pooled analysis was performed using the random effects model and heterogeneity was explored with metaregression and subgroup analyses. Results: The literature search yielded 1428 studies, of which 36 were included. The pooled prevalence of non-adherence was 35% (95% confidence interval 25 to 46 %). For indirect methods of adherence assessment, it was 25% (95% CI 15 to 39 %), whereas for direct methods of assessment, it was 44% (95% CI 32 to 57 %). Metaregression suggested gender, age, and time of publication as potential factors contributing to the heterogeneity. Conclusions: Non-adherence to pharmacotherapy is quite common in resistant hypertension, with the prevalence varying with the methods of assessment.

scholarly journals Clinical and morphological aspects of structures based on fiberglass posts use

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Z. S. Khabadze ◽  
Ju. A. Generalova ◽  
M. G. Sheroziia ◽  
A. A. Nedashkovsky ◽  
A. N. Gracheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Information Collection ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Practice Analysis ◽  
Morphological Aspects ◽  
Fiber Posts ◽  
Acceptable Method

The aim of this review article is to determine the positive and negative qualities and properties of restoration structures based on fiber posts. After endodontic treatment, it is necessary to strengthen the remaining tissues, since there is an irreversible decrease in the strength characteristics of the tooth.Materials and methods.Produced a systematic review of the literature in the electronic databases Google Scholar and Pubmed. Articles based on the method of using fiberglass posts in clinical practice, analysis of methods for modifying the adhesive preparation of the dentin surface and the post itself, as well as publications related to the discussion of factors that led to the success/failure of the treatment are considered were included.Results. 45 articles were reviewed in the course of information collection. As a result of the submitted articles analysis according to the exclusion criteria, the number of included studies has become 39.Conclusions. Based on the literature studied, the use of structures based on fiber posts is an acceptable method ofpost-endodontic restoration of teeth. But, like any medical manipulation, it has its limitations and side effects.

scholarly journals Leg length discrepancy: A systematic review on the validity and reliability of clinical assessments and imaging diagnostics used in clinical practice

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261457
Author(s):  
Martin Alfuth ◽  
Patrick Fichter ◽  
Axel Knicker
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Leg Length ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Imaging Diagnostics ◽  
Clinical Assessments ◽  
Length Discrepancy

Background A variety of assessments to determine leg length discrepancy (LLD) is used in clinical practice and evidence about validity and reliability may differ. Objective The objective of this systematic review was to identify and describe the validity and reliability of different assessments and imaging diagnostics for the determination of LLD. Materials and methods The review was conducted following the recommendations of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The databases Medline (PubMed) and Index to Chiropractic Literature were systematically searched. Studies regarding clinical assessments and imaging diagnostics for the diagnosis of LLD, which reported the clinimetric properties for assessment of LLD, were included and screened for methodological quality using the Quality Assessment of Studies of Diagnostic Accuracy (QUADAS-2) tool for validity studies and the Quality Appraisal of Diagnostic Reliability (QAREL) tool for reliability studies. Results Thirty-seven articles on clinical assessments and 15 studies on imaging diagnostics met the eligibility criteria. Thirteen studies on the validity of clinical assessments and six studies on the validity of imaging diagnostics had a low risk of bias and low concerns regarding applicability for all domains. One study on the reliability of clinical assessments and one study on the reliability of imaging diagnostics had a low risk of bias. Main limitations were, that an analysis of sensitivity and specificity was only performed in a few studies and that a valid reference standard was lacking in numerous studies on clinical assessments. Conclusions For the clinical assessment of LLD, the block test appears to be the most useful method. Full-length standing anteroposterior radiography seems to be the most valid and reliable method and may be used as global reference standard to measure the anatomic LLD when comparing clinical methods and imaging diagnostics.

scholarly journals Paratonia in Dementia: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 1615-1637
Author(s):  
Hans Drenth ◽  
Sytse Zuidema ◽  
Ivan Bautmans ◽  
Lucio Marinelli ◽  
Galit Kleiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Motor Abnormality ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Method Of Assessment

Background: Paratonia is a dementia-induced motor abnormality. Although paratonia affects virtually all people with dementia, it is not well known among clinicians and researchers. Objective: The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of the literature on the definition, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and intervention of paratonia as well as to propose a research agenda for paratonia. Methods: In this systematic review, the Embase, PubMed, CINAHL, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases were searched for articles published prior to December 2019. Two independent reviewers performed data extraction and assessed the risk of bias of the studies. The following data were extracted: first author, year of publication, study design, study population, diagnosis, assessment, pathogenesis, therapy and interventions. Results: Thirty-five studies met the inclusion criteria and were included. Most studies included in the review mention clinical criteria for paratonia. Additionally, pathogenesis, method of assessment, diagnosis, and paratonia severity as are interventions to address paratonia are also discussed. Conclusion: This systematic review outlines what is currently known about paratonia, as well as discusses the preliminary research on the underlying mechanisms of paratonia. Although paratonia has obvious devastating impacts on health and quality of life, the amount of research to date has been limited. In the last decade, there appears to have been increased research on paratonia, which hopefully will increase the momentum to further advance the field.

scholarly journals Emotional Blunting in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder: A Brief Non-systematic Review of Current Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongzhe Ma ◽  
Min Cai ◽  
Huaning Wang
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Emotional Response ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Clinical Assessments ◽  
Medication Discontinuation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
Prevalent Symptom

Emotional blunting is frequently reported by patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and has been identified as one of the most prominent side effects of antidepressants leading to medication discontinuation. However, antidepressant-induced emotional blunting remains largely unexplored—there lacks a clinical definition of this condition, and no agreeing conclusion has been reached regarding its etiology. Current research suggests that the onset of diminished emotional response may be related to antidepressant dose, with higher doses being more likely to induce emotional blunting. Consequently, most clinicians either reduce the dose or switch to another drug when treating this symptom. Overall, more comprehensive clinical assessments or interviews specifically designed to evaluate antidepressant-induced emotional blunting in MDD patients are in need to elucidate the neuropsychological mechanisms behind this increasingly prevalent symptom.

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