The Role of Leisure Activities on Partnered Men’s and Women’s Types of Depressive Symptoms Over Time

Introduction: Emotion regulation in healthy functioning and in depression is typically examined as an intrapersonal phenomenon, but growing evidence suggests social factors affect individuals' strategy use and effectiveness. We examined whether the role of emotion regulation in depression—concurrently and over four weeks—depends on social connectedness, predicting that higher social connectedness would dilute effects of one's own strategy use regardless of specific strategy. Methods: Young adult participants (n = 187) completed measures of perceived social connectedness, depressive symptoms, two avoidant emotion regulation strategies (ruminative brooding and experiential avoidance), and two approach-oriented strategies (positive reappraisal and planning), and depressive symptoms again four weeks later (n = 166). Results: Cross-sectional associations of emotion regulation with symptoms were moderated by social connectedness: effects of both avoidant and approach strategies were weaker among more connected individuals. Prospectively, social connectedness moderated effects of approach strategies, but not avoidant strategies. Among more socially connected individuals, using approach strategies—which are typically adaptive—was associated with higher symptoms over time. Discussion: Results partially replicate previous research and support the role of social factors as important contexts of intraper-sonal emotion regulation and dysregulation in depression. Findings suggest that social resources can dilute intrapersonal effects regardless of strategy type—more in the shorter term than in the longer term—and can even lead seemingly adaptive strategies to backfire over time. Implications for research integrating emotion regulation, relationships, and depressive psychopathology are discussed.

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Methylation Related to Perceived Parenting in Adolescents and its Association to Depressive Symptoms Two Years Later

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.203 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. S307-S307

Author(s):

E. Van Assche ◽

E. Vangeel ◽

K. Freson ◽

K. Van Leeuwen ◽

K. Verschueren ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Well Being ◽

Epidemiologic Studies ◽

Depression Score ◽

Perceived Parenting ◽

Competing Interest ◽

Over Time

IntroductionAdolescents’ well being is affected by their parenting situation and can influence their well being over time. We present an exploratory study with an Illumina 450 k array, comparing methylation in adolescents, based on perceived parenting at T0, and how methylation can interact with parenting in explaining depressive symptoms two years later (T2).ObjectivesIdentify differentially methylated regions (DMRs) associated with perceived parenting at T0 and investigate their association with depressive symptoms two years later.AimsAn exploratory analysis evaluating the association between methylation and depressive symptoms longitudinally.MethodsFrom two extreme parenting clusters: perceived supportive, and punishing neglecting, we randomly selected 44 adolescents (MAge = 14 at T0; 48%boys). The CES-D scale (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale) assessed depressive symptoms. DMRs were identified based on the parenting clusters (DMRcate and comb-p) using llumina Infinium HumanMethylation 450 BeadChip data. Associations between the most significant CpG for each DMR and the depression score at T2, were calculated using linear regression analysis.ResultsWe identified 17 DMRs, but only cg13306335 in PEX10 was associated with depressive symptoms at T2 (P = 0.0014, Bonferroni (17 tests): P < 0.0029). Additionally, an interaction between parenting at T0 and PEX10 methylation (T0) in explaining depressive symptoms (T2) can be suggested (P = 0.014).ConclusionsWe show that methylation at PEX10's most significant CpG is correlated with depressive symptoms at T2, these exploratory results also suggest a possible interaction between parenting and PEX10 methylation at T0 in association with depressive symptoms at T2. Validation in a larger sample is needed to support the role of methylation and its interactions in depression over time.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Abstract WP463: Moderator Role of Preparedness on the Association Between Depression and Quality of Life in Stroke Survivor-Caregiver Dyads

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.51.suppl_1.wp463 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Gianluca Pucciarelli ◽

Karen S Lyons ◽

Silvio Simeone ◽

Rosaria Alvaro ◽

Christopher S Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽

Longitudinal Design ◽

Stroke Survivor ◽

Linear Modeling ◽

Rehabilitation Period ◽

Over Time

Background: Although several studies have clearly shown that depressive symptoms in stroke survivors and caregivers decreases their quality of life (QOL), previous research has not yet analyzed the role of potential moderators in the relationship between the above two variables. Aims: To examine the moderating effect of caregiver preparedness between depressive symptoms and QOL in stroke survivor and caregiver dyads. Methods: Longitudinal design with 222 stroke survivor-caregiver dyads enrolled at survivor discharge from rehabilitation hospitals. Data collection was performed over 12 months. We measured survivor and caregiver QOL dimensions (physical, psychological, social and environmental), depression and preparedness. Hierarchical Linear Modeling was used to test four longitudinal dyadic moderation models (one for each QOL domain). Results: Survivors (50% males) and caregivers (65% females) were 70.8 (SD=11.9) and 52.5 (SD=13.1) years old, respectively. Controlling for baseline covariates, caregiver preparedness significantly moderated the association between survivor depressive symptoms and survivor psychological (B = 0.56, p < .01) and environmental (B = 0.58, p < .01) QOL at baseline and social QOL over time (B = 0.24, p < .05). In each case, higher levels of caregiver preparedness were protective and buffered the influence of survivor depressive symptoms on survivor QOL. Similarly, caregiver preparedness significantly moderated the association between caregiver depressive symptoms and caregiver physical (B = 0.25, p < .01) and environmental (B = 0.18, p < .05) QOL over time. Conclusions: Caregiver preparedness is a positive variable for both members of the dyad and the paper highlights the importance of implementing tailored intervention which could improve caregivers’ preparedness already during the rehabilitation period.

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Intergenerational Strain and Subjective Well-being: The Role of Leisure Activity Engagement

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igab046.2904 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 793-794

Author(s):

Amanda Collins ◽

Jeffrey Stokes ◽

Elizabeth Dugan

Keyword(s):

Life Satisfaction ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Leisure Activities ◽

Leisure Activity ◽

Well Being ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Family Strain ◽

Social Leisure

Abstract Family strain is associated with higher numbers of depressive symptoms and lower levels of life satisfaction. Leisure activities are observed to buffer the negative effects of family strain among younger adults, however, this phenomenon is understudied among older adults. This study examines the relationship between intergenerational strain and depressive symptoms and life satisfaction among persons aged 50 and older. The study also examines the moderating effects of gender and leisure activities. The analysis uses the Health and Retirement Study to addresses these questions. The results suggest that intergenerational strain (p=.000) and being female (p.=000), are associated with more depressive symptoms, while engagement in social leisure activities (p.=04) is associated with fewer. Intergenerational strain (p=.000) and being female (p=.03) are associated with lower levels of life satisfaction, while engagement in solitary (p=.000) and social leisure activities (p=.000) are associated with higher levels. Results from moderation models suggest that as intergenerational strain increases, women have lower life satisfaction and more depressive symptoms as compared to men (p=.000). Also, the association between intergenerational strain and life satisfaction is reduced among respondents who engaged in leisure activities (p=.002-social and p=.000-solitary). Further, the positive relationship between intergeneration strain and depressive symptoms is lower for persons who engage in leisure activities (p=.027-solitary and p=.013-social). Finally, women who engage in social and solitary leisure activities have fewer depressive symptoms than men (p=.037). The study findings imply that the subjective well-being of older persons may be improved in terms of intergeneration strain if they engage in leisure activities.

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Social Support, Everyday Discrimination, and Depressive Symptoms Among Older African Americans: A Longitudinal Study

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa032 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (5) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Weidi Qin ◽

Ann W Nguyen ◽

Dawne M Mouzon ◽

Tyrone C Hamler ◽

Fei Wang

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

African Americans ◽

Extended Family ◽

Perceived Discrimination ◽

Perceived Support ◽

Older African Americans ◽

Everyday Discrimination ◽

Over Time

Abstract Background and Objectives The purpose of the study was to explore the long-term effects of everyday discrimination on depressive symptoms among older African Americans, as well as the moderating role of social support in this association. Research Design and Methods Mixed-effects negative binomial regression analyses were performed on data selected from 6 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (2006–2016; baseline N = 1,144). The number of depressive symptoms was calculated based on an 8-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression measure. Everyday discrimination was measured using a 6-item scale. Contact with and perceived support from extended family and friends were assessed. Results Older African Americans who experienced more frequent perceived discrimination had more depressive symptoms over time. Significant interactions between discrimination and perceived support from extended family and friends were found, indicating that among older African Americans who reported higher support from extended family and friends, perceived discrimination was positively associated with depressive symptoms over time. However, perceived discrimination and depressive symptoms were not longitudinally related among those who reported lower levels of perceived support. Discussion and Implications This is one of the few studies to examine the effects of discrimination on depressive symptoms over time and the first longitudinal study to test the role of social support in coping with discrimination in older African Americans. This study extends cross-sectional works on discrimination and mental health, indicating that experiences of discrimination can result in worse mental health over time. The significant interactions are consistent with the resource mobilization framework, which suggests that individuals who are more negatively affected by discrimination (more depressive symptoms) are more likely to reach out to friends and family to cope with discrimination.

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Double Jeopardy Versus Double Benefit: The Role of Age and Leisure Activities in the Incidence of Disability Among Chinese Older Adults

Journal of Aging and Health ◽

10.1177/0898264320983660 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 089826432098366

Author(s):

Rongjun Sun

Keyword(s):

Mixed Model ◽

Linear Mixed Model ◽

Leisure Activities ◽

Time Lag ◽

Double Jeopardy ◽

Chinese Older Adults ◽

Healthy Longevity ◽

Disability Status ◽

Over Time

Objectives: This paper analyzes the double jeopardy effect of age and double benefit of leisure activities in the incidence of disability. Methods: This study uses data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey between 2002 and 2014. Disability status is measured by activities of daily living. Leisure activities include physical and social activities. A generalized linear mixed model with a time-lag design is used to analyze the trajectory of being disabled. Results: Older ages are associated with double jeopardy of disability: higher initial probability and faster pace. The double benefit of leisure activities is confirmed: lower initial probability and a slower pace of change in disability over time. The age pattern is substantially alleviated when leisure activities and other covariates are present. Discussion: Although the risk of disability rises with advancing age, the over-time trajectory can be flattened by engagement in leisure activities and other factors.

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