Emotion Regulation in Context: Social Connectedness Moderates Concurrent and Prospective Associations With Depressive Symptoms

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 605-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett Marroquín ◽  
Jennifer De Rutte ◽  
Casey L. May ◽  
Blair E. Wisco
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Experiential Avoidance ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Strategy Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Functioning ◽  
Over Time

Introduction: Emotion regulation in healthy functioning and in depression is typically examined as an intrapersonal phenomenon, but growing evidence suggests social factors affect individuals' strategy use and effectiveness. We examined whether the role of emotion regulation in depression—concurrently and over four weeks—depends on social connectedness, predicting that higher social connectedness would dilute effects of one's own strategy use regardless of specific strategy. Methods: Young adult participants (n = 187) completed measures of perceived social connectedness, depressive symptoms, two avoidant emotion regulation strategies (ruminative brooding and experiential avoidance), and two approach-oriented strategies (positive reappraisal and planning), and depressive symptoms again four weeks later (n = 166). Results: Cross-sectional associations of emotion regulation with symptoms were moderated by social connectedness: effects of both avoidant and approach strategies were weaker among more connected individuals. Prospectively, social connectedness moderated effects of approach strategies, but not avoidant strategies. Among more socially connected individuals, using approach strategies—which are typically adaptive—was associated with higher symptoms over time. Discussion: Results partially replicate previous research and support the role of social factors as important contexts of intraper-sonal emotion regulation and dysregulation in depression. Findings suggest that social resources can dilute intrapersonal effects regardless of strategy type—more in the shorter term than in the longer term—and can even lead seemingly adaptive strategies to backfire over time. Implications for research integrating emotion regulation, relationships, and depressive psychopathology are discussed.

scholarly journals Pathways to sympathies for violent protest and terrorism

2016 ◽  
Vol 209 (6) ◽  
pp. 483-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamaldeep Bhui ◽  
Maria Joao Silva ◽  
Raluca A. Topciu ◽  
Edgar Jones
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Political Engagement ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Adverse Life Events ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundRadicalisation is proposed to explain why some individuals begin to support and take part in violent extremism. However, there is little empirical population research to inform prevention, and insufficient attention to the role of psychiatric vulnerabilities.AimsTo test the impact of depressive symptoms, adverse life events and political engagement on sympathies for violent protest and terrorism (SVPT).MethodA cross-sectional survey of a representative sample of Pakistani and Bangladeshi men and women from two English cities. Weighted, multivariable, logistic regression yielded population estimates of association (odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals) against a binary outcome of SVPT derived from a three-group solution following cluster analysis.ResultsDepressive symptoms were associated with a higher risk of SVPT (OR = 2.59, 95% CI 1.59–4.23,P<0.001), but mediated little of the overall effects of life events and political engagement, which were associated with a lower risk of SVPT (death of a close friend: OR = 0.24, 95% CI 0.07–0.74; donating money to a charity: OR = 0.52, 95% CI 0.3–0.9).ConclusionsIndependent of SVPT associations with depressive symptoms, some expressions of social connectedness (measured as life events and political engagement) are associated with a lower risk of SVPT.

P–491 The mediator role of pain-related psychological inflexibility in the relationship between psychopathological symptoms and pain intensity in endometriosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Galhardo ◽  
B Monteiro ◽  
N Carolino ◽  
M Cunha
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Psychological Inflexibility ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychopathological Symptoms ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Study question Does pain-related psychological inflexibility play a role in the relationship between psychopathological symptoms (depression, anxiety, stress) and pain intensity in women with endometriosis? Summary answer Pain-related psychological inflexibility acts as a mediator exclusively between depressive symptoms and pain intensity. Psychopathological symptoms did not reveal a direct effect on pain intensity. What is known already Endometriosis is a chronic and incapacitating condition frequently involving the experience of pain (e.g., dysmenorrhea, ovulation pain, dyspareunia, chronic pelvic pain). Women dealing with endometriosis may present impaired health-related quality of life and psychological distress, with depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms being commonly reported. Pain-related psychological inflexibility involves emotion regulation processes, such as avoidance of pain and cognitive fusion with pain. Cognitive and behavioural processes influence the relationship between pain and psychopathological symptoms, and pain-related psychological inflexibility showed to be an underlying mechanism in this relationship. Study design, size, duration Cross-sectional study. Participants’ recruitment was completed through the Associação Portuguesa de Apoio a Mulheres com Endometriose and the Associação Portuguesa de Fertilidade (endometriosis and infertility patients’ associations). Inclusion criteria were age (18 years or older) and an endometriosis medical diagnosis (self-reported). Data collection occurred between February 2018 and May 2018. Participants/materials, setting, methods A sample encompassing 209 women with an endometriosis diagnosis completed online a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS – 21), the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), and the Psychological Inflexibility in Pain Scale (PIPS-PT). Descriptive and correlational analyses were carried out using SPSS v. 26, and path analyses were estimated in AMOS (v. 24) with bootstrap procedures (2000 samples). Main results and the role of chance Participants’ age ranged from 18 to 50 years old with a mean of 34.03 (SD = 6.44) years. The majority of participants were married (n = 112; 53.6%), followed by single (n = 54; 25.8%). Regarding years of education, a mean of 14.62 years (SD = 2.80) was found. Participants reported that their endometriosis diagnosis had been established for 4.55 years (SD = 4.56). Correlation analyses showed that depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms were significantly and positively associated with pain intensity and pain-related psychological inflexibility. A mediation analysis was conducted to examine whether pain-related psychological inflexibility mediated the effect of psychopathological symptoms on pain intensity. Paths showing not to be statistically significant were removed. The final model defining an effect of depressive symptoms on pain intensity mediated by pain-related psychological inflexibility explained 26% of the variance. This model showed a good fit to the empirical data: χ2(5) = 10.75, p = .057, CMIN/DF = 2.15; TLI = .98; CFI = .99; RMSEA = .07, 95% CI = .00 to .14. Depressive symptoms predicted elevated pain intensity fully through higher pain-related psychological inflexibility (b = .05; SEb = .01; Z = 8.45; p &lt; .001; β= .51). Limitations, reasons for caution Although path analysis is a powerful statistical technique, our findings rely on cross-sectional and self-report data. The study was disseminated through patients’ associations, limiting the inclusion of people who do get in touch with such organizations. Moreover, online recruitment tends to recruit participants with more access to online platforms. Wider implications of the findings: Pain-related psychological inflexibility seems to be a relevant construct to be addressed in the psychological assessment of women dealing with endometriosis. Furthermore, results suggest the relevance of targeting emotion regulation processes, and not only focus on reducing pain, in pain management interventions. Trial registration number N/A.

scholarly journals Cardiac Vagal Control, Regulatory Processes and Depressive Symptoms: Re-Investigating the Moderating Role of Sleep Quality

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (21) ◽  
pp. 4067
Author(s):  
Danböck ◽  
Werner
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vagal Control ◽  
Regulatory Processes ◽  
Cardiac Vagal Control ◽  
Representative Samples

Lower cardiac vagal control (CVC), which is often understood as an indicator for impaired regulatory processes, is assumed to predict the development of depressive symptoms. As this link has not been consistently demonstrated, sleep quality has been proposed as a moderating factor. However, previous studies were limited by non-representative samples, cross-sectional data, and focused on CVC as a physiological indicator for impaired regulatory processes, but neglected corresponding subjective measures. Therefore, we investigated whether sleep quality moderates the effects of CVC (quantified by high-frequency heart rate variability) and self-reported regulatory processes (self- and emotion-regulation) on concurrent depressive symptoms and on depressive symptoms after three months in a representative sample (N = 125). Significant interactions between CVC and sleep quality (in women only), as well as self-/emotion-regulation and sleep quality emerged, whereby higher sleep quality attenuated the relation between all risk factors and current depressive symptoms (cross-sectional data). However, there were no significant interactions between those variables in predicting depressive symptoms three months later (longitudinal data). Our cross-sectional findings extend previous findings on sleep quality as a protective factor against depressive symptoms in the presence of lower CVC and subjective indices of impaired regulatory processes. In contrast, our conflicting longitudinal results stress the need for further investigations.

scholarly journals Emotional Regulation and Overeating Behaviors in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Francesca Favieri ◽  
Andrea Marini ◽  
Maria Casagrande
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Inadequate Response ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

The worldwide prevalence of obesity has dramatically increased, mostly in children and adolescents. The Emotional Eating theoretical model has proposed that the failure in emotional regulation could represent a risk factor for establishing maladaptive overeating behavior that represents an inadequate response to negative emotions and allows increasing body-weight. This systematic review investigates the relationship between overeating and both emotional regulation and emotional intelligence in childhood and adolescence, considering both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. Moreover, another goal of the review is evaluating whether emotional regulation and emotional intelligence can cause overeating behaviors. The systematic search was conducted according to the PRISMA-statement in the databases Medline, PsychArtcles, PsychInfo, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Sciences, and allows 484 records to be extracted. Twenty-six studies were selected according to inclusion (e.g., studies focused on children and adolescents without clinical conditions; groups of participants overweight or with obesity) and exclusion (e.g., studies that adopted qualitative assessment or cognitive-affective tasks to measure emotional variables; reviews, commentary, or brief reports) criteria detailed in the methods. Cross-sectional studies showed a negative association between emotional regulation and overeating behavior that was confirmed by longitudinal studies. These findings highlighted the role of maladaptive emotion regulation on overeating and being overweight. The relationship between these constructs in children and adolescents was consistent. The results indicated the complexity of this association, which would be influenced by many physiological, psychological, and social factors. These findings underline the need for further studies focused on emotion regulation in the development of overeating. They should analyze the mediation role of other variables (e.g., attachment style, peer pressure) and identify interventions to prevent and reduce worldwide overweight prevalence.

The Role of Leisure Activities on Partnered Men’s and Women’s Types of Depressive Symptoms Over Time

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Preston C. Morgan ◽  
Michelle Washburn-Busk ◽  
M. Hunter Stanfield ◽  
Jared A. Durtschi
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Over Time

A Simultaneous Cluster Analysis of Cognitive, Emotional, and Personality Factors and Insomnia and Sleep Quality Among Earthquake Victims

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 745-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habibolah Khazaie ◽  
Ali Zakiei ◽  
Saeid Komasi
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Experiential Avoidance ◽  
Dysfunctional Attitudes ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe current study compares the measures of sleep quality and intensity of insomnia based on the clustering analysis of variables including dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep, experiential avoidance, personality traits of neuroticism, and complications with emotion regulation among the individuals struck by an earthquake in Kermanshah Province.MethodsThis study is a cross-sectional study that was carried out among earthquake victims of Kermanshah Province (western Iran) in 2017. Data were gathered starting 10 days after the earthquake and lasted for 2 weeks; of 1,200 standard questionnaires distributed, 1,001 responses were received, and the analysis was performed using 999 participants. The data analysis was carried out using a cluster analysis (K-mean method).ResultsTwo clusters were identified, and there is a significant difference between these two clusters in regard to all of the variables. The cluster with higher mean values for the selected variables shows a higher intensity of insomnia and a lower sleep quality.ConclusionsConsidering the current results, it can be concluded that variables of dysfunctional attitudes and beliefs about sleep, experiential avoidance, the personality traits of neuroticism, and complications with emotion regulation are able to identify the clusters where there is a significant difference in regard to sleep quality and the intensity of insomnia. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2019;13:745–752)

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