Predictors of academic performance during early adolescence: A contextual view

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 541-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald L. Mullis ◽  
Richard Rathge ◽  
Ann K. Mullis
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
Parent Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Social Capital Theory ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Capital Theory ◽  
National Education ◽  
Predictors Of Academic Performance

Utilising the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 (NELS: 88), this study examined some of the frequently used indicators of social capital and resource capital as predictors of academic performance of 24,599 middle school adolescents (12,111 males and 12,244 females) ranging in age from 13–16 years. Sixty-eight per cent were White, 12.2% were Black, and 12.9% were Hispanic. The participants were drawn from a stratified national sample of over 1000 public and private schools in the United States. Data from NELS: 88 were analysed using indicators of social capital and resource capital. Preliminarily modelling indicated the need to separate social capital into two components: parental networks and student networks. Resource capital, including parent education, parent income, and educational items in the home, was most predictive of academic performance. In addition, student reported misbehaviour (behaviour) in school was included as a mediating variable. The findings indicated that both indicators of social capital were not strong contributors to academic performance among adolescents. Resource capital indicators were found to be stronger contributors to academic performance. The context variable (hypothesised as a mediator variable) of student misbehaviour in school was found to be the best predictor of academic performance. The results are discussed in relation to social capital theory and future research of viable predictors of academic performance among adolescents.

scholarly journals A Social Capital Perspective on the Mentoring of Undergraduate Life Science Researchers: An Empirical Study of Undergraduate–Postgraduate–Faculty Triads

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. ar16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa L. Aikens ◽  
Sona Sadselia ◽  
Keiana Watkins ◽  
Mara Evans ◽  
Lillian T. Eby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Life Science ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Social Capital Theory ◽  
Research Experiences ◽  
Capital Theory ◽  
Faculty Interaction ◽  
Postdoctoral Researchers ◽  
Social Capital Perspective

Undergraduate researchers at research universities are often mentored by graduate students or postdoctoral researchers (referred to collectively as “postgraduates”) and faculty, creating a mentoring triad structure. Triads differ based on whether the undergraduate, postgraduate, and faculty member interact with one another about the undergraduate’s research. Using a social capital theory framework, we hypothesized that different triad structures provide undergraduates with varying resources (e.g., information, advice, psychosocial support) from the postgraduates and/or faculty, which would affect the undergraduates’ research outcomes. To test this, we collected data from a national sample of undergraduate life science researchers about their mentoring triad structure and a range of outcomes associated with research experiences, such as perceived gains in their abilities to think and work like scientists, science identity, and intentions to enroll in a PhD program. Undergraduates mentored by postgraduates alone reported positive outcomes, indicating that postgraduates can be effective mentors. However, undergraduates who interacted directly with faculty realized greater outcomes, suggesting that faculty interaction is important for undergraduates to realize the full benefits of research. The “closed triad,” in which undergraduates, postgraduates, and faculty all interact directly, appeared to be uniquely beneficial; these undergraduates reported the highest gains in thinking and working like a scientist.

Enhancing the contribution of volunteering to career commitment with friendship among university students

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 754-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chau-kiu Cheung ◽  
Elaine Suk-ching Liu
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
University Students ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Career Commitment ◽  
Social Capital Theory ◽  
Network Density ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Panel Survey ◽  
Capital Theory ◽  
Content Type

Purpose Encouraging college students to volunteer is a supposed but uncharted way to contribute to their career commitment. Clarifying the ways of the contribution is therefore necessary. From the social capital perspective, volunteering and network density among friends represent social capital to reinforce each other. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to study the enhancement of the contribution by the density. Design/methodology/approach The examination employs a two-wave panel survey of 410 university students to estimate the effects of volunteering and friend network density at Wave 1 on career commitment at Wave 2. Essentially, the examination adjusted for biases due to sample attrition and self-selection into volunteering. Findings Volunteering at Wave 1 showed a significant contribution to career commitment at Wave 2. Moreover, the contribution significantly increased with friend network density at Wave 1. Research limitations/implications Findings from this panel survey of university students in Hong Kong require future research for substantiation. For instance, such research can apply an experimental design to volunteering to guarantee the internal validity of the contribution of volunteering. Practical implications Social capital theory is applicable to the promotion of career commitment. Specifically, optimizing the strength of social capital through the combination of volunteering and friendship is promising. Originality/value Empirical support for the application of social capital theory to career development is evident. Particularly, the joint contribution of volunteering and friendship is demonstrable.

scholarly journals Finding a New Job in a New Home: The Labour Market Experiences of Government Assisted Refugees in Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhruba Raj Neupane
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Social Capital Theory ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Significant Component ◽  
Capital Theory ◽  
Refugee Protection ◽  
Selection Of

This paper explores the labour market experiences of Government Assisted Refugees (GARs) in Canada by utilizing social capital theory and identifies the areas for future research. Data was collected from an in-depth literature review but very little literatures are available to measure the labour market experiences of GARs specifically. The lack of research is particularly prominent in the area of GARs’ economic outcomes and earnings through social capital framework. Changes to the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act (IRPA) in 2002 have shifted the selection of GARs which has implication for their economic integration once in Canada. The results of this paper indicate that social capital is a significant component in impacting labour market integration of GARs because of the loss of academic, occupational and other forms of human capital.

scholarly journals Finding a New Job in a New Home: The Labour Market Experiences of Government Assisted Refugees in Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhruba Raj Neupane
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Social Capital Theory ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Significant Component ◽  
Capital Theory ◽  
Refugee Protection ◽  
Selection Of

This paper explores the labour market experiences of Government Assisted Refugees (GARs) in Canada by utilizing social capital theory and identifies the areas for future research. Data was collected from an in-depth literature review but very little literatures are available to measure the labour market experiences of GARs specifically. The lack of research is particularly prominent in the area of GARs’ economic outcomes and earnings through social capital framework. Changes to the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act (IRPA) in 2002 have shifted the selection of GARs which has implication for their economic integration once in Canada. The results of this paper indicate that social capital is a significant component in impacting labour market integration of GARs because of the loss of academic, occupational and other forms of human capital.

Building social capital and learning relationships through knowledge sharing: a social network approach of management students’ cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 921-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Hyun Han ◽  
Seung Won Yoon ◽  
Chugnil Chae
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Social Capital Theory ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Capital Theory ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Management Students

Purpose This study has adopted theoretical frameworks of social capital, social networks and the Community of Practice to study how different types of relationships influence the knowledge sharing relationship. This paper aims to suggest that building social capital, particularly structural capital, is part of expected key in knowledge sharing networks. Design/methodology/approach Using social capital theory, through social network analysis of 111 management students in the US business school, identified key social capital dimension in knowledge sharing networks. To incorporate the interdependency among examined relationships, network logistic regression with the quadric assignment procedure was used. Findings The proposed research model showed that about 98% of the existence of knowledge sharing relationship could be correctly predicted. Among three dimensions of social capital, this study found a superior influence of the structural dimension (i.e. task interdependence) in predicting having a knowledge sharing relationship. The significant effect of trust and friendship network on knowledge sharing was also found. Implications for practice and suggestions for future research were also discussed. Originality/value Existing literature as to how people learn through knowledge sharing is limited in at least two important ways. First, scholars of knowledge management acknowledge that organizational knowledge originates from dyadic relationships between or among individuals at work. However, prior research has heavily relied on survey responses from one’s perception of knowledge sharing experience, viewing as unidirectional. Second, substantial attention of prior research has been devoted to the factors of individual attributes. Emphasizing individual interactions as the fundamental building blocks of learning, this study focuses more on relational characteristics of knowledge sharing based on social capital theory.

Social Capital, Social Cost, and Relational Culture in Three Societies

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-462
Author(s):  
Lijun Song
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Social Cost ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Capital Theory ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Capital Theory ◽  
The Status ◽  
Nationally Representative

Does who you know in the status hierarchy satisfy or dissatisfy your life? Does that effect vary by culture and society? To addresses these two questions, this study applies four theories and analyzes the association between accessed status (network members’ status) and life satisfaction using nationally representative retrospective data from three societies (the United States, urban China, and Taiwan). Social capital theory expects absolute and relative higher accessed status (network members’ higher status relative to individuals’) to improve life satisfaction and relative lower accessed status to diminish life satisfaction. Social cost theory asserts the opposite. The collectivistic advantage explanation anticipates social capital theory to apply more to urban China and Taiwan than social cost theory and social cost theory to apply more to the United States than social capital theory. The collectivistic disadvantage explanation predicts the opposite. This study measures nine indicators of absolute and relative accessed status on the occupational dimension and six domain-specific satisfactions. Results support both social capital theory and social cost theory in all three societies. There is tentative evidence for the collectivistic disadvantage explanation across the three societies. Theoretical and methodological implications are discussed.

Experiences in the Face of Disasters

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 1277-1284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tammy L. Henderson ◽  
Gladys Hildreth
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Special Education Teachers ◽  
Social Capital Theory ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Capital Theory ◽  
Current Collection ◽  
The Face

The current collection contributes to our understanding of the stress experienced by and resilience of individuals and families in the aftermath of a disaster. We begin the collection with an article on two theories, vulnerability and social capital theory. These theories serve as tools to capture physical, social, and economic vulnerabilities as well as to determine how the dynamics of social networks interact when experiencing a disaster. The remaining authors of the current collection examined the experiences, stresses, and resilience of lower-income mothers, special education teachers, older adults, and families. Authors offer recommendations for disaster planning or future research.

scholarly journals The Social Capital-Control Nexus: Lessons From Implementation of Accounting Control Systems in Two Chinese Organizations

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 236
Author(s):  
Gary Pan
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Social Capital Theory ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Capital Control ◽  
Capital Theory ◽  
Informal Controls ◽  
The Social ◽  
Accounting Control

One common theme of Accounting Control System project failure centers on inadequate or inappropriate enactment of effective controls during project implementation. As Accounting Control Systems projects are viewed by many as a social process involving managing relationships among multiple stakeholders with diverse backgrounds and capabilities, there is a growing number of IS researchers that have utilized the social capital theory to examine the enactment of clan control during system implementation. Despite the growing interests, relatively little is known about the relationships between social capital and the formal as well as informal controls. Also, the moderating impact of social capital attributes interaction on social capital-control relationship also remains unknown. Employing concepts from control and social capital theories, this paper contributes to Accounting Control Systems implementation research by uncovering two types of social capital-control relationship with supporting case evidence – supplementary and synergistic. We also identified moderating effects on the social capital attributes interaction on the relationship with behavioral as well as clan controls. We conclude with suggestions for future research.

scholarly journals Can Social Capital Protect Adolescents from Delinquent Behavior, Antisocial Attitudes, and Mental Health Problems?

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikaela J. Dufur ◽  
Jared D. Thorpe ◽  
Helen S. Barton ◽  
John P. Hoffmann ◽  
Toby L. Parcel
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Social Capital Theory ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Negative Outcomes ◽  
Capital Theory ◽  
Antisocial Attitudes

Social capital theory suggests that the norms, obligations, and information adolescents receive from their social relationships act as a form of capital that can be traded in social situations. The implications of this theory are clear when considering growth in positive outcomes: more social capital should provide greater growth. However, the implications are less clear when considering potential protective effects against negative outcomes. We conduct a systematic review of the literature on social capital to examine the evidence for these protective effects. We discuss what social capital is and how it has been applied to youth previously before moving to a review of the relevant literature linking social capital and a number of negative outcomes. We find evidence that social capital does generally protect youth from negative outcomes; however, the evidence for some outcomes, such as mental health, are mixed. We review the implications of our findings and suggest avenues for future research.

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