Family Function Associated with Psychological Symptoms in Pregnant Women during Pandemic of COVID-19

Author(s):  
Mahbobeh Khozan ◽  
Nahid Samadi ◽  
Mahbobeh Faramarzi ◽  
Farzan Kheirkhah ◽  
Hoda Shirafkan ◽  
...  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjolein Missler ◽  
Tara Donker ◽  
Roseriet Beijers ◽  
Marketa Ciharova ◽  
Charlotte Moyse ◽  
...  

Abstract Background There is sufficient meta-analytic evidence that antenatal interventions for women at risk (selective prevention) or for women with severe psychological symptoms (indicated prevention) are effective in reducing postpartum distress. However, women without risk or severe psychological symptoms might also experience distress. This meta-analysis focused on the effectiveness of preventive psychological interventions offered to universal populations of pregnant women on symptoms of depression, anxiety, and general stress. Paternal and infant outcomes were also included. Method We included 12 universal prevention studies in the meta-analysis, incorporating a total of 2559 pregnant women. Results Overall, ten studies included depression as an outcome measure, five studies included stress, and four studies anxiety. There was a moderate effect of preventive interventions implemented during pregnancy on the combined measure of maternal distress (d = .52), on depressive symptoms (d = .50), and on stress (d = .52). The effect on anxiety (d = .30) was smaller. The effects were not associated with intervention timing, intervention type, intervention delivery mode, timing of post-test, and methodological quality. The number of studies including partner and/or infant outcomes was too low to assess their effectiveness. Conclusions This meta-analysis suggests that universal prevention during pregnancy is effective on decreasing symptoms of maternal distress compared to routine care, at least with regard to depression. While promising, the results with regard to anxiety and stress are based on a considerably lower number of studies, and should thus be interpreted with caution. More research is needed on preventing other types of maternal distress beyond depression. Furthermore, there is a lack of research with regard to paternal distress. Also, given the large variety in interventions, more research is needed on which elements of universal prevention work. Finally, as maternal distress symptoms can affect infant development, it is important to investigate whether the positive effects of the preventive interventions extend from mother to infant. Systematic review registration number International prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO) registration number: CRD42018098861.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Liu ◽  
Nan Li ◽  
Xianghao Cai ◽  
Xiaoyan Feng ◽  
Rong Wang ◽  
...  

Background: Studies showed that healthcare workers (HCWs) and pregnant women bore the burden of mental problems during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. While, few studies have focused on the psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on pregnant women who work at healthcare settings. This study aimed to investigate and compare the prevalence difference of psychological symptoms between pregnant HCWs and pregnant non-HCWs during the early stage of COVID-19 pandemic in China.Methods: A cross-sectional online survey with anonymous structured questionnaires was conducted from February 15 to March 9, 2020. A total of 205 pregnant women in Chongqing, China were recruited. The mental health status was assessed using symptom checklist-90 (SCL-90).Results: Our sample was composed of 83 pregnant HCWs (mean age = 29.8) and 122 pregnant non-HCWs (mean age = 30.8). The results suggested the prevalence of psychological symptoms (the factor score ≥2) among all pregnant women ranged from 6.83% (psychosis symptoms) to 17.56% (obsessive-compulsive symptoms). Compared with pregnant non-HCWs, pregnant HCWs reported higher prevalence of psychological symptoms in 10 factors of SCL-90. After controlling the confounding variables, multiple logistic regression demonstrated that pregnant HCWs experienced higher prevalence of psychological symptoms of somatization (18.07 vs. 5.74%, p = 0.006, aOR = 4.52), anxiety disorders (16.87 vs. 6.56%, p = 0.016, aOR = 3.54), and hostility (24.10 vs. 10.66%, p = 0.027, aOR = 2.70) than those among pregnant non-HCW.Conclusion: Our study indicated that pregnant HCWs were more likely to suffer from mental health distress than pregnant non-HCWs during the early stage of COVID-19 pandemic. It is vital to implement targeted psychological interventions for pregnant women, especially for pregnant HCWs to cope with distress when facing the emerging infectious diseases.


2021 ◽  
Vol 162 (35) ◽  
pp. 1402-1412
Author(s):  
Julianna Boros ◽  
Krisztina Kopcsó ◽  
Zsuzsanna Veroszta

Összefoglaló. Bevezetés: Jóllehet Magyarországon a várandósok a társadalombiztosítási rendszer által támogatott komplex várandósgondozási ellátásra jogosultak, mégis sokan vesznek közülük igénybe privát szolgáltatásokat. Ezt a döntést többek között a biztonságérzet fokozása és a várandósgondozást végző szakember szülésig tartó folytonosságának biztosítása motiválja. Nemzetközi szakirodalmi adatok alapján mindemellett feltételezhető, hogy hazánkban is befolyásolja a választást a társadalmi-gazdasági helyzet. Célkitűzés: A jelen elemzés célja annak vizsgálata magyarországi várandósok reprezentatív mintáján, hogy az állami/magán/vegyes finanszírozású várandósellátás igénybevétele mennyiben kapcsolódik bizonyos demográfiai, szocioökonómiai, egészségi és pszichológiai változókhoz. Módszer: Az elemzés a Kohorsz ’18 Magyar Születési Kohorszvizsgálat első, várandós anyák körében zajló szakaszának súlyozott adatain történt (n = 8287). Az adatok forrását a védőnők által szóbeli interjúk során felvett, valamint önkitöltős formában begyűjtött kérdőíves adatok szolgáltatták. Eredmények: Az egyes várandósgondozási formák igénybevétele erősen összefüggött a várandós korával, iskolai végzettségével, anyagi helyzetével és foglalkozási presztízsével. Közepes erősségű kapcsolatban állt a várandós partnerkapcsolati helyzetével és meglévő gyermekeinek számával, míg gyenge összefüggésben az egészségi állapotával és pszichés tüneteivel. A finanszírozási formához mindemellett erősen kapcsolódott az, hogy a várandós választott orvossal, szülésznővel tervezte-e szülését. Megbeszélés: A kapott eredmények rámutatnak, hogy a várandósellátás különböző finanszírozású formáinak igénybevétele jelentős mértékben együtt jár a várandós szocioökonómiai és demográfiai sajátosságaival, míg egészségi és pszichés állapotával csupán gyenge összefüggésben áll. Következtetés: A hazai várandósgondozást jellemző kettős finanszírozás háttér-egyenlőtlenségek egész sorát hordozza magában. Jövőbeli elemzésekben vizsgálat tárgyává szükséges tenni, hogy ez mennyiben mutat összefüggést ellátásminőségi és -hozzáférési különbségekkel, valamint ezeken keresztül a várandós és gyermeke egészségével. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(35): 1402–1412. Summary. Introduction: While pregnant women in Hungary are entitled to complex pregnancy care financed by the social security system, many of them do use private services. This decision is motivated, among other things, by increasing the sense of security and ensuring the presence of the doctor providing pregnancy care at the birth. However, based on the international literature, it can be assumed that this decision is influenced by the socio-economic background as well. Objective: The aim of the present analysis is to examine the extent to which the use of public/private/mixed funded pregnancy care is related to certain demographic, socioeconomic, health related and psychological variables on a representative sample of pregnant women in Hungary. Method: The analysis was performed on the weighted data of the first, pregnant wave of the Cohort ’18 Growing Up in Hungary (n = 8287). The analysis is based on data from personal interviews and self-administered questionnaires conducted by the health visitors among pregnant women in 2018. Results: The use of different forms of pregnancy care was strongly related to the age of the pregnant women, their education, financial situation and occupational prestige. It was moderately correlated with the pregnant woman’s partnership status and their parity, while it was weakly correlated with her health status and psychological symptoms. The form of financing of the pregnancy care was, however, strongly related to whether the pregnant woman planned to give birth with a chosen doctor or midwife. Discussion: The results show that the use of different forms of pregnancy care is greatly associated with the socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of the pregnant women, while it is only weakly related to the health status and mental wellbeing. Conclusion: Double funding in the Hungarian pregnancy care system carries a whole range of background inequalities. Future analyses should examine whether this has an impact on the quality and availability of care and, indirectly, on the health of pregnant women and their children. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(35): 1402–1412.


Author(s):  
Simi Kurian ◽  
Ajith S. ◽  
Malini Raghavan

Background: Impact of the news that patient is covid positive may increase the risk of depression and anxiety among the vulnerable population such as pregnant women. Aims of the study were to estimate the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among covid positive pregnant women. To evaluate the demographic and obstetric factors contributing to the psychological manifestations in covid positive pregnant women.Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted at a tertiary hospital of North Kerala from July to August 2020. The demographic and factors were recorded and DASS 21 self-reported questionnaire was used to assess depression, anxiety and stress.Results: We found that using the DASS 21 scoring system, 37.5% out of the 120 study subjects were having psychological symptoms either of depression, anxiety or stress. Depression was seen in 32 (26.7%), anxiety in 29 (24.2%) and stress in 14 (11.7%) of the study participants. The psychological symptoms of depression and anxiety were more pronounced in those with low education, unemployed and in the first and third trimester of pregnancy.Conclusions: The current study shows that COVID-19 positive pregnant women have a high prevalence of depression and anxiety. Our findings can be used to formulate psychological interventions to improve mental health and psychological resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic.


2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Hugo Alves Mascarenhas ◽  
Adriana Caroci-Becker ◽  
Maria Luiza Riesco

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhou Wensu ◽  
Zhu Xidi ◽  
Li Shaojie ◽  
Zheng Baohua ◽  
Yu Yunhan ◽  
...  

Objectives: Pregnant women in the third trimester can be more vulnerable to adverse mental health outcomes, but there is limited research on the association between family function and self-efficacy and potential mediation by symptoms of anxiety and depression.Methods: The cross-sectional study enrolled 813 pregnant women in the third trimester from 14 communities of Hengyang city, Hunan province of China. All of the participants completed a battery of self-report measures of family function (Family Adaptation Partnership Growth and Resolve Index, APGAR-family), self-efficacy (General Self-Efficacy Scale, GSES), anxiety (measured by Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale with seven items, GAD-7), and depression symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire with nine items, PHQ-9). The correlation analysis was performed using Spearman's correlation coefficient. Baron and Kenny's method and multiple mediation models with bootstrapping were used to determine whether the symptoms of anxiety and depression mediated the association between family functions and self-efficacy.Results: There were 22.6% pregnant women in the low level of self-efficacy, with 60.9% in the moderate level and 16.5% of respondents in the high level. Self-efficacy had significant correlations with both anxiety symptoms (r = −0.19, p < 0.05), depression symptoms (r = −0.22, p < 0.05), and family function (r = 0.31, p < 0.05). Anxiety symptoms were significantly associated with self-efficacy (β = −0.016, p < 0.05). Depression symptoms were significantly associated with self-efficacy (β = −0.024, p < 0.05). Anxiety and depression symptoms partly mediated the association between family function and self-efficacy, accounting for 11.4 and 16.4% of total effect, respectively. It was indicated that pregnant women with a high degree of family function are less likely to have emotional symptoms and predicted to have higher levels of self-efficacy.Conclusions: Anxiety and depression show mediating effects in the association between family function and self-efficacy. Improved family function can have a positive impact on pregnant women in the third trimester.


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