The effect of exercise and diet on mental health and quality of life in middle-aged individuals with elevated risk factors for cardiovascular disease

1999 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 369-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIT SORENSEN ◽  
SIGMUND ANDERSSEN ◽  
INGVAR HJERMAN ◽  
INGAR HOLME ◽  
HOLGER URSIN
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Elevated Risk ◽  
Middle Aged

Determinants of Quality of Life during the COVID-19 pandemic: An analysis of a large sample of Brazilian Health Professionals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Jardim de Paula ◽  
Danielle de Souza Costa ◽  
Antônio Geraldo Silva ◽  
Débora Marques de Miranda ◽  
Leandro Malloy-Diniz
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
World Health ◽  
Large Sample ◽  
Explained Variance

Quality of Life (QoL) is a multidimensional estimate of biopsychosocial health and wellbeing.1 The COVID-19 pandemic led to an abrupt change in our lifestyle, demanding resilience and coping mechanisms2. Health care providers are in the frontline of COVID-19 patients’ diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation, and there is a well-documented impact of this context on their physical and mental health2. This might impact their wellbeing and reduce their quality of life. In this research letter, we investigated which factors are associated with QoL in Brazilian healthcare professionals. We aim to investigate both protective and risk factors for the four main aspects of QoL: physical, psychological, social relations, and environment. We assessed 97.771 Brazilian adults, most (92.3%) health professionals of different professions from all the five-country regions. All included individuals agreed in a written consent to participate. Participants showed an average of 35.45 years old (±9.49) and were predominantly female (80%). They answered an online questionnaire about sociodemographic aspects, measures of mental health, and quality of life in the first semester of 2020. A detailed description of the sample and procedures can be found elsewhere3. All participants answered the WHOQoL-BREF, a standardized tool for QoL assessment developed by the World Health Organization. Stepwise linear regression analysis was used to assess the role of sociodemographic factors, previously diagnosed mental disorders, COVID-19 related symptoms as well a series of specific questions regarding participants worries and perceptions about the pandemic, including the protective behaviors' adoption (social distancing, usage of masks and sanitizer, among others). A full list of variables (64 in total) is available on the SAMBE webpage (http://abpbrasil.org.br/pcabp/). Since we have a large sample size our statistical power is about 99% (alpha=0.01) to detect small effect sizes. To simplify our results and allow a more direct application to real-life settings we only included significant predictors which showed at least 1% of adjusted explained variance in the stepwise models. The stepwise regression model was summarized in the figure below. All regression models were significant (p<0.001) as well all the predictors reported in the Figure. Total explained variance was 26% for Physical QoL, 27% for Psychological, 13% for Social Relations, and 19% for Environmental. A history of previous depression, presence of Headache, and the perception of worsening in home relationships were risk factors for lower QoL in all four domains. Our results suggest a multidimensional pattern of determinants of QoL in health care professionals in the early days of the pandemic. Interesting features emerged as predictors of QoL such as changes in home relationships, worsening in work productivity, and mental health. Expected and new predictors may shed light on which factors should be considered in interventions aiming at the development of mitigation of impact QoL in these populations.

scholarly journals Parathyroid gland disorders and cardiovascular disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-72
Author(s):  
Tatiana L. Karonova ◽  
Karina A. Pogosian ◽  
Liubov G. Yanevskaya ◽  
Olga D. Belyaeva ◽  
Elena N. Grineva
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Parathyroid Gland ◽  
Cardiac Risk ◽  
Improve Quality ◽  
Disease Pathogenesis ◽  
Pth Level

The review provides systematic information on the relation between pathology of parathyroid glands and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Recent studies have shown that actions of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcium affect the heart and vasculature through downstream actions of their receptors in the myocardium and endothelial cells, which lead to higher incidence of CVD among patients with parathyroid gland disorders (PGD). The mechanisms underlying this association also include insulin resistance and altered renin-angiotensinaldosterone axis among patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. However, low calcium and PTH level in hypoparathyroid patients are characterized by higher values of arterial stiffness, electrocardiogram abnormalities, vascular atherosclerosis and remodeling. These factors contribute to low quality of life among those patients. Knowledge of cardiovascular disease pathogenesis in patients with hyper- or hypoparathyroidism could help to improve quality of diagnostic and treatment and decrease the burden of cardiac risk factors. This review will be of interest to endocrinologists and cardiologists, and other specialists.

scholarly journals HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN ASIAN AMERICAN AND PACIFIC ISLANDER OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S515-S516
Author(s):  
Lan Doan ◽  
Yumie Takata ◽  
Karen Hooker ◽  
Carolyn Mendez-Luck ◽  
and Veronica L Irvin
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Medicare Advantage ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Abstract Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death for Asian American (AA), Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander (NHPI) older adults, and AAs/NHPIs have not enjoyed decreases in CVD mortality rates, as have non-Hispanic whites (NHWs). Heterogeneity exists in the prevalence of traditional CVD risk factors for AAs/NHPIs. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) reflect physical and mental burdens beyond clinical burdens, which may help explain discrepant CVD rates and risk factors in AAs/NHPIs. We examined HRQOL among NHW and AA/NHPI Medicare Advantage enrollees with and without a CVD (i.e., coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction, and stroke) using the Medicare Health Outcomes Survey. The sample included 655,914 older adults who were 65 years or older, self-reported as AA/NHPI or NHW, and were enrolled in Medicare Advantage plans in 2011-2015. HRQOL was measured using the Veterans RAND 12-item survey and is composed of a physical component score (PCS) and mental component score (MCS), where higher scores reflect better physical and mental health, respectively. Multivariable linear regression was used to explore HRQOL and CVD prevalence. Asian Indian, Filipino, Vietnamese, Other Asian, and NHPI subgroups had lower overall PCS, and all AA/NHPI subgroups had lower overall MCS, compared to NHWs. Among those reporting having any CVD, PCS varied by CVD outcomes and subgroups, whereas MCS was lower for all CVD outcomes and for all but one AA/NHPI subgroups (Japanese), compared to NHWs. Attention to mental health for AA/NHPI older adults could be important for the equitable realization of healthy aging.

scholarly journals Changes in Quality of Life and Loneliness Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults Participating in Therapist-Guided Digital Mental Health Intervention

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine E. Gould ◽  
Chalise Carlson ◽  
Ana Jessica Alfaro ◽  
Christina F. Chick ◽  
Martha L. Bruce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Mental Health Interventions

Background: This study aimed to examine the effects of a 12-week multicomponent mobile app-delivered intervention, the Meru Health Program (MHP), on mental health quality of life (QoL) and loneliness among the middle-aged and older adults with depression symptoms.Methods: The eligible participants (M age = 57.06, SD = 11.26 years) were enrolled in the MHP, a therapist-supported mobile intervention. Using a non-randomized pre-post design, change in mental health QoL [WHO QoL Brief (WHOQOL-BREF) psychological health] and loneliness (UCLA Loneliness Scale) from baseline to post-treatment were examined. Time of enrollment [pre- vs. post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)] was included as a between-subjects factor in the repeated measures analyses.Results: Forty-two participants enrolled prior to the COVID-19 pandemic; eight enrolled after the pandemic began. Among the pre-COVID-19 enrollees, increase in mental health QoL, F(1, 38) = 12.61, p = 0.001, η2 = 0.25 and decreases in loneliness emerged, F(1, 38) = 5.42, p = 0.025, η2 = 0.13. The changes in mental health QoL, but not loneliness, held for the combined sample, such as post-COVID-19 enrollees, F(1, 44) = 6.02, p = 0.018, η2 = 0.12. The regression analyses showed that increases in mindfulness were associated with the increased mental health QoL and decreased loneliness.Conclusion: Therapist-supported digital mental health interventions, such as the MHP, have the potential to improve mental health QoL and decrease loneliness among the middle-aged and older adults. The findings for loneliness may not hold during the periods of mandated isolation. Instead, therapists supporting digital interventions may need to tailor their approach to target loneliness.

scholarly journals Health-Related Quality of Life and Risk Factors among Chinese Women in Japan Following the COVID-19 Outbreak

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8745
Author(s):  
Yunjie Luo ◽  
Yoko Sato
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected individuals’ physical and mental health, including that of immigrant women. This study aimed to evaluate the health-related quality of life (HRQoL), identify the demographic factors and awareness of the COVID-19 pandemic contributing to physical and mental health, and examine the risk factors associated with poor physical and mental health of Chinese women in Japan following the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. Using an electronic questionnaire survey, we collected data including items on HRQoL, awareness of the COVID-19 pandemic, and demographic factors. One hundred and ninety-three participants were analyzed. Approximately 98.9% of them thought that COVID-19 affected their daily lives, and 97.4% had COVID-19 concerns. Married status (OR = 2.88, 95%CI [1.07, 7.72], p = 0.036), high concerns (OR = 3.99, 95%CI [1.46, 10.94], p = 0.007), and no concerns (OR = 8.75, 95%CI [1.17, 65.52], p = 0.035) about the COVID-19 pandemic were significantly associated with poor physical health. Unmarried status (OR = 2.83, 95%CI [1.20, 6.70], p = 0.018) and high COVID-19 concerns (OR = 2.17, 95%CI [1.04, 4.56], p = 0.040) were significantly associated with poor mental health. It is necessary to provide effective social support for Chinese women in Japan to improve their well-being, especially in terms of mental health.

Abstract 16947: A Meta-Synthesis on Usefulness of Stress Reduction with Meditation in the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Aquino-Russell ◽  
Amy Ruff ◽  
Robert H Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Psychosocial Stress ◽  
Mindfulness Meditation ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Meta Analyses

Introduction: Epidemiological research has documented that psychosocial stress is a major risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). In providing effective health education to patients with CVD, nurses and other health professionals require evidence-based information on behavioral methods to reduce stress for primary and secondary prevention of CVD. Previously published trials suggest that selected stress reduction methods, including meditation may modify CVD risk factors, quality of life, morbidity and mortality. Hypothesis: Stress reduction with meditation may contribute to the management of psychosocial stress, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, chronic CVD, nonfatal/fatal CVD clinical events and associated health care costs. Methods: We performed a meta-synthesis (qualitative review) of published biomedical literature for randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses and professional guidelines on the effects of meditation on CVD and its risk factors. Results: The two most widely studied stress reduction - meditation approaches in CVD were the Transcendental Meditation (TM) technique and mindfulness meditation There were 11 RCTs, two meta-analyses and one American Heart Association scientific statement on TM and blood pressure that suggest TM is clinically useful in lowering high BP, short and long-term, in diverse populations. Other risk factors showing beneficial responses to TM were anxiety, insulin resistance, smoking and surrogate markers for CVD. RCTs and meta-analyses report significant risk reductions for myocardial infarction, stroke and mortality over 5-8 years. In patients with CVD, mindfulness meditation was associated with beneficial psychological effects; however, in meta-analyses of physical parameters of CVD, effects were not yet well-established. Conclusion: Available evidence suggests that meditation may be useful in the behavioral interventions for cardiovascular health and quality of life. Both Transcendental Meditation and mindfulness meditation practices show beneficial effects on psychosocial stress factors. Substantial evidence indicates that TM practice is associated with reductions in hypertension, other CVD risk factors, and rates of CVD morbidity and mortality.

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