The United States re-engages with the world on climate change. But the question remains: is the US a dependable long-term partner?

Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is causing a severe pandemic that has resulted in millions of confirmed cases and deaths around the world. In the absence of effective drugs for treatment, non-pharmaceutical interventions are the most effective approaches to control the disease. Although some countries have the pandemic under control, all countries around the world, including the United States (US), are still in the process of controlling COVID-19, which calls for an effective epidemic model to describe the transmission dynamics of COVID-19. Meeting this need, we have extensively investigated the transmission dynamics of COVID-19 from 22 January 2020 to 14 February 2021 for the 50 states of the United States, which revealed the general principles underlying the spread of the virus in terms of intervention measures and demographic properties. We further proposed a time-dependent epidemic model, named T-SIR, to model the long-term transmission dynamics of COVID-19 in the US. It was shown in this paper that our T-SIR model could effectively model the epidemic dynamics of COVID-19 for all 50 states, which provided insights into the transmission dynamics of COVID-19 in the US. The present study will be valuable to help understand the epidemic dynamics of COVID-19 and thus help governments determine and implement effective intervention measures or vaccine prioritization to control the pandemic.

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NATO in The Very Cold War: Why the US Needs Nato in the Arctic

Jurnal Sentris ◽

10.26593/sentris.v2i1.4622.21-37 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 21-37

Author(s):

Sharon Sebastian Effendy ◽

Bernadeth Franchika ◽

Vanessa Anthea Kusuma

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

United States ◽

Global Warming ◽

Cold War ◽

The United States ◽

The Arctic ◽

Security Dilemma ◽

The Us ◽

The World ◽

Hegemonic Stability

Global warming and climate change resulting in the melting of sea ice within the Arctic have subsequently opened the possibility to explore and exploit the region. Previously seen as simply a region full of ice, the Arctic is believed to possess abundant natural resources, with an estimated 13% of undiscovered oil, 30% of natural gas resources in the world, as well as the opening of a new sea route which will be able to serve as a shortcut for countries to exchange goods - attracting states to pay closer attention to the region, be it militarily, politically, or economically, the United States being one of them. The increase in presence and power among Arctic and non-Arctic countries, especially Russia and China, has inarguably created a state of security dilemma among all parties involved, which is why if the US would like to seek a larger presence within the region, it becomes important for the country to involve NATO as one of its key partners, despite issues concerning the country and the organization. For the purpose of this paper, the aforementioned argument will further be supported using concepts of security dilemma, hegemonic stability theory, and the balance of threat.

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THE INFLUENCE OF SCOTTISH ACCOUNTANTS IN THE UNITED STATES: THE EARLY CASE OF THE SOCIETY OF ACCOUNTANTS IN EDINBURGH

Accounting Historians Journal ◽

10.2308/0148-4184.24.1.117 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 117-141 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

T. A. LEE

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

General Theory ◽

Research Program ◽

The United States ◽

The World ◽

Early Case ◽

The Impact ◽

Chartered Accountants ◽

The U.S

This study represents part of a long-term research program to investigate the influence of U.K. accountants on the development of professional accountancy in other parts of the world. It examines the impact of a small group of Scottish chartered accountants who emigrated to the U.S. in the late 1800s and early 1900s. Set against a general theory of emigration, the study's main results reveal the significant involvement of this group in the founding and development of U.S. accountancy. The influence is predominantly with respect to public accountancy and its main institutional organizations. Several of the individuals achieved considerable eminence in U.S. public accountancy.

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From Start-Up to Scale-Up

10.1093/oso/9780198815815.003.0011 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gilles Duruflé ◽

Thomas Hellmann ◽

Karen Wilson

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Conceptual Framework ◽

Public Policies ◽

Scale Up ◽

The United States ◽

Smart Money ◽

Start Up ◽

The Us ◽

The Creation

This chapter examines the challenge for entrepreneurial companies of going beyond the start-up phase and growing into large successful companies. We examine the long-term financing of these so-called scale-up companies, focusing on the United States, Europe, and Canada. The chapter first provides a conceptual framework for understanding the challenges of financing scale-ups. It emphasizes the need for investors with deep pockets, for smart money, for investor networks, and for patient money. It then shows some data about the various aspects of financing scale-ups in the United States, Europe, and Canada, showing how Europe and Canada are lagging behind the US relatively more at the scale-up than the start-up stage. Finally, the chapter raises the question of long-term public policies for supporting the creation of a better scale-up environment.

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Rethinking U.S. National Security after Covid19

Peace Economics Peace Science and Public Policy ◽

10.1515/peps-2020-0055 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Linda J. Bilmes

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

United States ◽

National Security ◽

The United States ◽

Emerging Diseases ◽

Defense Spending ◽

Federal Spending ◽

Us Economy ◽

The Us ◽

The Military

AbstractThe United States has traditionally defined national security in the context of military threats and addressed them through military spending. This article considers whether the United States will rethink this mindset following the disruption of the Covid19 pandemic, during which a non-military actor has inflicted widespread harm. The author argues that the US will not redefine national security explicitly due to the importance of the military in the US economy and the bipartisan trend toward growing the military budget since 2001. However, the pandemic has opened the floodgates with respect to federal spending. This shift will enable the next administration to allocate greater resources to non-military threats such as climate change and emerging diseases, even as it continues to increase defense spending to address traditionally defined military threats such as hypersonics and cyberterrorism.

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India’s vaccine diplomacy brings money and influence

Emerald Expert Briefings ◽

10.1108/oxan-db260281 ◽

2021 ◽

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Foreign Direct Investment ◽

Direct Investment ◽

Manufacturing Sector ◽

The United States ◽

Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽

Content Type ◽

Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽

The World

Significance Last week, its partners in the ‘Quad’ grouping -- the United States, Japan and Australia -- agreed to help increase its vaccine manufacturing and exporting capacity. Each of the Quad members is wary of China, which like India is gifting and selling coronavirus jabs around the world. Impacts India’s manufacturing sector will attract more foreign direct investment. Greater cooperation over supply chains will help strengthen India-Australia ties. Indian pharma will in the long term aim to ease dependence on imports of active pharmaceutical ingredients from China.

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Germany's relations with the United States and China from a strategic triangle perspective

International Affairs ◽

10.1093/ia/iiab170 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sebastian Biba

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

European Union ◽

The United States ◽

Great Power ◽

The European Union ◽

Bilateral Relations ◽

Puzzle Piece ◽

The Us ◽

The World ◽

Angela Merkel

Abstract As the Sino-American Great Power competition continues to intensify, newly-elected US President Joe Biden's administration now seeks to enlist the support of its allies and partners around the world. As Europe's largest economy and a, if not the, leading voice within the European Union, Germany represents an important puzzle-piece for Biden. But Germany, at least under outgoing chancellor Angela Merkel, has been reluctant to take sides. It is against this backdrop that this article looks into Germany's past and present trilateral relationships with the US and China through the theoretical lens of the so-called strategic triangle approach. Applying this approach, the article seeks to trace and explain German behaviour, as well as to elucidate the opportunities and pitfalls that have come with it. The article demonstrates that Germany's recently gained position as a ‘pivot’ (two positive bilateral relationships) between the US and Chinese ‘wings’ (positive bilateral relations with Germany and negative bilateral relations with each other) is desirable from the perspective of the strategic triangle. At the same time, being pivot is also challenging and hard to maintain. Alternative options, such as entering a US–German ‘marriage’ directed against China, are also problematic. The article therefore concludes that Germany has tough decisions to take going forward.

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The World of Uncertainty: Is America Losing Its Leverage Towards a Looming New China–Russia Alliance?

East Asian Policy ◽

10.1142/s1793930521000313 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (04) ◽

pp. 92-106

Author(s):

Vitaly KOZYREV

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

21St Century ◽

World Order ◽

The United States ◽

Great Power ◽

Window Of Opportunity ◽

The Us ◽

The World ◽

Alliance Building

The recent deterioration of US–China and US–Russia relations has stumbled the formation of a better world order in the 21st century. Washington’s concerns of the “great power realignment”, as well as its Manichean battle against China’s and Russia’s “illiberal regimes” have resulted in the activated alliance-building efforts between Beijing and Moscow, prompting the Biden administration to consider some wedging strategies. Despite their coordinated preparation to deter the US power, the Chinese and Russian leaderships seek to avert a conflict with Washington by diplomatic means, and the characteristic of their partnership is still leaving a “window of opportunity” for the United States to lever against the establishment of a formal Sino–Russian alliance.

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The American Perception of the Palestine-Israel Conflict

10.52987/pcrc.2021.013 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Israa Daas ◽

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Middle East ◽

Political Party ◽

The United States ◽

The Us ◽

The World ◽

Us Government ◽

Source Of Information

Abstract The Palestine-Israel conflict is probably one of the most pressing problems in the Middle East. Moreover, the United States has been involved in this conflict since the 1970s. Therefore, the present research aims to learn more about the American perception of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict. It was conducted using a survey that addressed Americans from different backgrounds, focusing on four variables: the American government’s position, solutions, the Israeli settlements, and Jerusalem. The research suggests a correlation between political party and the American perception of the conflict. It appears that Republicans seem to be against the withdrawal of the Israeli settlements, and they believe that the US government is not biased toward Israel. Nevertheless, Democrats tend to believe that the US government is biased in favor of Israel, and they support withdrawing the Israeli settlements. Moreover, there might be another correlation between the American perception and the source of information they use to learn about the conflict. Most of the surveyed Americans, whatever their resource of information that they use to learn about the conflict is, tend to believe that the US is biased in favor of Israel. It is crucial to know about the American perception when approaching to a solution to the conflict as the US is a mediator in this conflict, and a powerful country in the world. Especially because it has a permanent membership in the UN council. KEYWORDS: American Perception, Palestine-Israel Conflict, Jerusalem, Israeli settlements

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United States and Its Challenge to Multilateralism in the Global Economy

India Quarterly A Journal of International Affairs ◽

10.1177/0974928418802074 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 74 (4) ◽

pp. 402-419

Author(s):

Krishnakumar S.

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Global Economy ◽

World Economy ◽

Foreign Exchange Market ◽

Bilateral Trade ◽

Developing Economies ◽

The United States ◽

The Us ◽

The World ◽

Merchandise Trade

With Donald Trump as President of United States, multilateralism in the world economy is facing an unprecedented challenge. The international economic institutions that have evolved since the fifties are increasingly under the risk of being undermined. With the growing assertion of the emerging and developing economies in the international fora, United States is increasingly sceptical of its ability to maneuvre such institutions to suit its own purpose. This is particularly true with respect to WTO, based on “one country one vote” system. The tariff rate hikes initiated by the leader country in the recent past pose a serious challenge to the multilateral trading system. The paper tries to undertake a critical overview of the US pre-occupation of targeting economies on the basis of the bilateral merchandise trade surpluses of countries, through the trade legislations like Omnibus Act and Trade Facilitation Act. These legislations not only ignore the growing share of the United States in the growing invisibles trade in the world economy, but also read too much into the bilateral trade surpluses of economies with United States and the intervention done by them in the foreign exchange market.

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