Role of microorganisms and macrofauna in benthic phosphorus dynamics in the po river--Adriatic Sea frontal system: An experimental approach

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 161-176
Author(s):  
G. Mancinelli ◽  
L. Rossi ◽  
M. L. Costantini
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Po River ◽  
Frontal System ◽  
Phosphorus Dynamics

An experimental approach to communal coping

2021 ◽  
pp. 026540752199246
Author(s):  
Melissa Zajdel ◽  
Vicki S. Helgeson
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Positive Mood ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Communal Coping ◽  
Observational Measures ◽  
Relationship Outcomes ◽  
The Individual

Communal coping has been linked to better psychological and physical health across a variety of stressful contexts. However, there has been no experimental work causally linking communal coping to relationship and health outcomes. In addition, research has emphasized the collaboration over the shared appraisal component of communal coping. The present study sought to isolate the role of appraisal by manipulating whether dyads viewed a stressor as shared or individual. Friend dyads (n = 64 dyads; 128 participants) were randomly assigned to view a stressor as either a shared or an individual problem, but both groups were allowed to work together. Across self-report and observational measures dyads reported more collaboration and support, better relationship outcomes, and more positive mood after the stressor in the shared than the individual appraisal group. This is the first laboratory evidence to establish causal links of communal coping—specifically shared appraisal—to positive relationship and health outcomes.

Bora wind and heavy persistent precipitation: atmospheric water balance and role of air-sea fluxes over the Adriatic Sea

2017 ◽  
Vol 143 (703) ◽  
pp. 1165-1177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio Davolio ◽  
Riccardo Henin ◽  
Paolo Stocchi ◽  
Andrea Buzzi
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Atmospheric Water ◽  
Bora Wind

scholarly journals Numerical modelling of sediment transport in the Adriatic Sea

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1391-1433 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Guarnieri ◽  
A. J. Souza ◽  
N. Pinardi ◽  
P. Traykovski
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
Po River ◽  
Northern Adriatic ◽  
Coastal Belt ◽  
Italian Coasts ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. A new sediment transport model, considering currents, tides and waves is presented for the Adriatic Sea basin. The simulations concentrate on the winter of 2002–2003 because of field data availability and interesting intermittent processes occurrence. A process oriented analysis is performed to investigate the impact that Sirocco and Bora wind regimes have on sediment transport. The comparisons of the simulations with the observed data show that the model is capable to capture the main dynamics of sediment transport along the Italian coasts and the sediment concentration within the water column. This latter can reach values up to several g L−1, especially within the first centimetres above the bottom. The sediments are transported mainly southwards along the Italian coasts, consistently with the known literature results, except during Sirocco wind events, which can be responsible for reversing the coastal circulation in the northern area of the basin, and consequently the sediment transport. The resuspension of sediments is also related to the specific wave regimes induced by Bora and Sirocco, the former inducing resuspension events near the coasts while the latter causing a more diffused resuspension regime in the Northern Adriatic basin. Beside the realistic representation of short timescales resuspension/deposition events due to storms, the model was also used to investigate persistent erosion or deposition areas in the Adriatic Sea. Two main depocenters were identified: one, very pronounced, in the surroundings of the Po river delta, and another one a few kilometres off the coast in front of the Ancona promontory. A third region of accumulation, even if less intense, was found to be offshore the southernmost limit of the Gargano region. On the contrary the whole western coast within a distance of a few kilometres from the shore was found to be subject to prevailing erosion. The comparison with observed accumulation and erosion data shows that the model captures well the main depocenters in the domain and the erosion within the very coastal belt of the western side of the basin, but seems to be too erosive in a few areas, in particular those where the contribution of sediment inflow to the sea of some minor but intermittently important rivers is not considered in a realistic way as input to the model.

scholarly journals Biogeochemical processes in sediments of the Manfredonia Gulf (Southern Adriatic Sea): early diagenesis of carbon and nutrient and benthic exchange

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 803-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Spagnoli ◽  
G. Bartholini ◽  
M. Marini ◽  
P. Giordano
Keyword(s):  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Water Interface ◽  
Biogeochemical Processes ◽  
Pore Waters ◽  
Dissolved Nutrients ◽  
Dissolved Iron ◽  
High Sedimentation ◽  
Western Adriatic Current ◽  
A Site

Abstract. In order to understand the mechanisms responsible of the recycle of carbon and nutrients at the sediment-water interface and to understand the role of sediments in nutrients mass balance in coastal water, cores were collected (pore waters and solid phases) and benthic fluxes (oxygen, dissolved nutrients, dissolved iron and managanese, alkalinity and TCO2) were measured in two stations in the Gulf of Manfredonia (Southern Adriatic Sea). Stations were chosen to include a site, in the offshore part of the gulf, under the influence of western Adriatic current and another site, in the inner part of the gulf, under influence of gyres occurring inside the gulf. Both stations were placed in areas characterized by high sedimentation rate. Fluxes at sediment water interface show higher values in S2 site during the summer. Bio-irrigation seems to be the main transport mechanism characterizing both sites, with more evident effects during summer in S1 site.

Function words and polarity

2021 ◽  
pp. 66-85
Author(s):  
Matteo Greco
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Approach ◽  
The Other ◽  
Function Words ◽  
Closed Class ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Truth Value ◽  
The One ◽  
Syntactic Derivation

Function words are commonly considered to be a small and closed class of words in which each element is associated with a specific and fixed logical meaning. Unfortunately, this is not always true as witnessed by negation: on the one hand, negation does reverse the truth-value conditions of a proposition, and the other hand, it does not, realizing what is called Expletive Negation. This chapter aims to investigate whether a word that is established on the basis of its function can be ambiguous by discussing the role of the syntactic derivation in some instances of so-called Expletive Negation clauses, a case in which negation seems to lose its capacity to deny the proposition associated with its sentence. Both a theoretical and an experimental approach has been adopted.

scholarly journals Linking sardine recruitment in coastal areas to ocean currents using surface drifters and HF radar: a case study in the Gulf of Manfredonia, Adriatic Sea

Ocean Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1461-1482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Sciascia ◽  
Maristella Berta ◽  
Daniel F. Carlson ◽  
Annalisa Griffa ◽  
Monica Panfili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
Ocean Currents ◽  
Hf Radar ◽  
Residence Times ◽  
Sustainable Resource Management ◽  
Surface Ocean ◽  
Surface Drifters

Abstract. Understanding the role of ocean currents in the recruitment of commercially and ecologically important fish is an important step toward developing sustainable resource management guidelines. To this end, we attempt to elucidate the role of surface ocean transport in supplying recruits of European sardine (Sardina pilchardus) to the Gulf of Manfredonia, a known recruitment area in the Adriatic Sea. Sardine early life history stages (ELHSs) were collected during two cruises to provide observational estimates of their age–size relationship and their passive pelagic larval duration (PPLD). We combine these PPLDs with observations of surface ocean currents to test two hypotheses: (1) ELHSs are transported from remote spawning areas (SAs) by ocean currents to the Gulf of Manfredonia; (2) sardines spawn locally and ELHSs are retained by eddies. A historical surface drifter database is used to test hypothesis 1. Hypothesis 2 is tested by estimating residence times in the Gulf of Manfredonia using surface drifters and virtual particles trajectories that were computed from high-resolution observations of surface currents measured by a high-frequency (HF) radar network. Transport to the Gulf of Manfredonia from remote SAs seems more likely than local spawning and retention given a mismatch between observed PPLDs of 30–50 days and relatively short (<10-day) average residence times. The number and strength of connections between the gulf and remote SAs exhibit a strong dependence on PPLD. For PPLDs of 20 days or less, the gulf is connected to SAs on the western Adriatic coast through transport in the Western Adriatic Current (WAC). SAs on the east coast are more important at longer PPLDs. SAs in the northern and central Adriatic exhibit weak connections at all PPLD ranges considered. These results agree with otolith microstructure analysis, suggesting that the arrival of larvae in the gulf is characterized by repeated pulses from remote SAs. This is the first attempt to describe the processes related to Lagrangian connection to, and retention in, the Gulf of Manfredonia that will be complemented in the future using validated numerical ocean models and biophysical models.

scholarly journals Seasonal and Interannual Trends of Oceanographic Parameters over 40 Years in the Northern Adriatic Sea in Relation to Nutrient Loadings Using the EMODnet Chemistry Data Portal

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Grilli ◽  
Stefano Accoroni ◽  
Francesco Acri ◽  
Fabrizio Bernardi Aubry ◽  
Caterina Bergami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Changes ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Northern Adriatic Sea ◽  
Po River ◽  
Northern Adriatic

Long-term data series (1971–2015) of physical and biogeochemical parameters were analyzed in order to assess trends and variability of oceanographic conditions in the northern Adriatic Sea (NAS), a mid-latitude shallow continental shelf strongly impacted by river discharges, human activities and climate changes. Interpolation maps and statistical models were applied to investigate seasonal and spatial variability, as well as decadal trends of temperature, salinity, chlorophyll-a and nutrients. This analysis shows that sea surface temperature increased by +0.36% year−1 over four decades. Annual mean flow of the Po River markedly changed due to the occurrence of periods of persistent drought, whereas the frequency of flow rates higher than 3000 m3 s−1 decreased between 2006 and 2015. Moreover, we observed a long-term decrease in surface phosphate concentrations in Po River water (−1.34% year−1) and in seawater (in summer −2.56% year−1) coupled, however, to a significant increase in nitrate concentration in seawater (+3.80% year−1) in almost all seasons. These changes indicate that the nutrient concentrations in the NAS have been largely modulated, in the last forty years, by the evolution of environmental management practices and of the runoff. This implies that further alteration of the marine environment must be expected as a consequence of the climate changes.

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