Evaluation of dimensional stability, weathering and decay resistance of modified pine wood by in-situ polymerization of styrene

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 294-305
Author(s):  
Mahmut A. Ermeydan ◽  
Mert Babacan ◽  
Eylem D. Tomak
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Stability ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Decay Resistance ◽  
Pine Wood

scholarly journals Combined Chemical Modification of Bamboo Material Prepared Using Vinyl Acetate and Methyl Methacrylate: Dimensional Stability, Chemical Structure, and Dynamic Mechanical Properties

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saisai Huang ◽  
Qiufang Jiang ◽  
Bin Yu ◽  
Yujing Nie ◽  
Zhongqing Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Chemical Modification ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Dimensional Stability ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties

Acetylation and in situ polymerization are two typical chemical modifications that are used to improve the dimensional stability of bamboo. In this work, the combination of chemical modification of vinyl acetate (VA) acetylation and methyl methacrylate (MMA) in situ polymerization of bamboo was employed. Performances of the treated bamboo were evaluated in terms of dimensional stability, wettability, thermal stability, chemical structure, and dynamic mechanical properties. Results show that the performances (dimensional stability, thermal stability, and wettability) of bamboo that was prepared via the combined pretreatment of VA and MMA (VA/MMA-B) were better than those of raw bamboo, VA single-treated bamboo (VA-B), and MMA single-treated bamboo (MMA-B). According to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses, VA and MMA were mainly grafted onto the surface of the cell wall or in the bamboo cell lumen. The antiswelling efficiency and contact angle of VA/MMA-B increased to maximum values of 40.71% and 107.1°, respectively. From thermogravimetric analysis (TG/DTG curves), the highest onset decomposition temperature (277 °C) was observed in VA/MMA-B. From DMA analysis, the storage modulus (E’) of VA/MMA-B increased sharply from 15,057 Pa (untreated bamboo) to 17,909 Pa (single-treated bamboo), and the glass transition temperature was improved from 180 °C (raw bamboo) to 205 °C (single-treated bamboo).

scholarly journals Improved Dimensional Stability and Mold Resistance of Bamboo via In Situ Growth of Poly(Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate-N-Isopropyl Acrylamide)

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1584
Author(s):  
Tingsong Liu ◽  
Wenhao Zhang ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Stability ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Ammonium Persulfate ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate ◽  
In Situ Growth ◽  
Isopropyl Acrylamide ◽  
Mold Resistance

Bamboo is a natural and renewable building material but its application has been limited due to the low dimensional stability and poor durability against mold. In this study, monomers of hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and N-isopropyl acrylamide (NIPAM) were impregnated in bamboo to facilitate the in situ growth of poly-HEMA and NIPAM (PHN) copolymer. Prior to that, the effects of different reaction conditions, including the molar ratio of HEMA to NIPAM and their concentrations, the amount of initiator (ammonium persulfate, APS) and crosslinking agents (N,N′-Methylenebisacrylamide (MBA), and glutaric dialdehyde (GA)) on the swelling capacity of PHN were optimized. The formation of PHN was confirmed by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis, which shows the characteristics peaks of both HEMA and NIPAM, and increased pyrolysis and glass transition temperatures, respectively. After impregnation of PHN pre-polymerization formulation to bamboo, it was observed that PHN filled most of the pits in the bamboo cell wall and formed a tight network. Moreover, the dimensional stability of PHN treated bamboo was significantly improved with an anti-swelling efficiency of 49.4% and 41.7%, respectively, after wetting–drying and soaking–drying cycles. A mold infection rate of 13.5% was observed in PHN-treated bamboo as compared to a 100% infected control group after a 30-day mold resistance test. Combined results indicate that in situ polymerization of HEMA and NIPAM in bamboo is a promising method to develop exterior used bamboo products with enhanced dimensional stability and mold resistance.

In situ polymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and 3-(methacryloxy)propyltrimethoxysilane (MAPTES) in poplar cell wall to enhance its dimensional stability

Holzforschung ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 469-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaoge Huang ◽  
Gaiyun Li ◽  
Fuxiang Chu
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Dimensional Stability ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Alcoholic Solution ◽  
Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Good Solubility ◽  
Modified Wood

Abstract Poplar wood samples (2×2×2 cm3) were vacuum/pressure impregnated in alcoholic solution with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and 3-(methacryloxy)propyltrimethoxysilane (MAPTES) in a mass ratio of 3/1 in the presence of catalytic amounts of azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN). Because of their good solubility and permeability, the HEMA/MAPTES precursors evenly penetrate the poplar cell wall. The impregnated samples were heated at 75°C for 8 h, followed by a heating period at 103±2°C for 8 h, in the course of which an in situ polymerization occurred in the cell wall. The modified wood was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Moreover, the dimensional stability of the modified wood was measured and found to be considerably improved.

scholarly journals Termite Resistance of a Fast-Growing Pine Wood Treated by In Situ Polymerization of Three Different Precursors

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 865
Author(s):  
Andrey Pereira Acosta ◽  
Jalel Labidi ◽  
Kelvin Techera Barbosa ◽  
Nidria Cruz ◽  
Rafael de Avila Delucis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Furfuryl Alcohol ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Pine Wood ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Wood Polymer ◽  
Choice Tests ◽  
Biological Tests ◽  
Termite Attack ◽  
Choice Feeding

This study aims to compare the resistance against subterranean termites of wood–polymer composites produced by in situ polymerization. The biological tests were carried out by choice and no-choice feeding tests. Poly (furfuryl alcohol), poly(styrene) and poly (methyl methacrylate) were studied here. They were impregnated into a Brazilian fast-growing pine wood using a vacuum:pressure method and then cured under simple heating. These treatments were evaluated using chemical (by infrared spectroscopy) and morphological (by scanning electron microscopy) analyses. The termite attack was evaluated by mass loss determination and photography. In general, all the treatments were effective in protecting the fast-growing pine wood. Results obtained by no-choice tests indicated that the treatment solution with 75% of furfuryl alcohol was less effective than the others, which indicates that both choice and no-choice tests may be important in a comprehensive study on the termites resistance of solid woods.

Fast-growing pine wood modified by a two-step treatment based on heating and in situ polymerization of polystyrene

2021 ◽  
Vol 302 ◽  
pp. 124422
Author(s):  
Andrey Pereira Acosta ◽  
Rafael de Avila Delucis ◽  
Sandro Campos Amico ◽  
Darci Alberto Gatto
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Pine Wood ◽  
Fast Growing

scholarly journals Thermochemical and Mechanical Properties of Pine Wood Treated by In Situ Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate (MMA)

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 768
Author(s):  
Andrey Pereira Acosta ◽  
Jalel Labidi ◽  
Henrique Römer Schulz ◽  
Ezequiel Gallio ◽  
Kelvin Techera Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Juvenile Wood ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Technological Properties ◽  
Pine Wood

The impregnation of low-molecular-weight monomers prior to polymerize them inside the wood may be an efficient way to improve some important wood properties. This work aimed to determine some technological properties of wood-based composites (WPC) produced by in situ polymerization, using a pine wood (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) impregnated with methyl methacrylate (MMA). For that, samples taken from both juvenile (JV) and mature (MT) pine woods were treated with MMA. Physical, mechanical, chemical, thermal and morphological features were evaluated. MMA-treated woods from both juvenile and mature woods presented superior physical, mechanical (expect brittleness) and thermal properties when compared to pristine ones. The infrared spectra and morphological analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the presence of the monomer inside the pine wood. The juvenile wood presented higher treatability than the mature wood, due to its higher content of intra- and inter-cellular spaces.

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