Wake after Sleep Onset Time Moderated Age-related Emotional Memory Bias

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Xin Xie ◽  
Yang Xu ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Xu Lei ◽  
Jing Yu
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Emotional Memory ◽  
Memory Bias ◽  
Age Related

scholarly journals Polysomnographic Sleep Is Associated With Time to Develop Dementia: A Study Using 19-Year VA National EHR Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 469-470
Author(s):  
Sara Nowakowski ◽  
Javad Razjouyan ◽  
Amir Sharafkhaneh ◽  
Mark Kunik ◽  
Aanand Naik
Keyword(s):  
Language Processing ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Late Time ◽  
Sleep Onset Latency ◽  
One Year ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
Onset Group ◽  
Dementia Onset

Abstract Few studies have longitudinally investigated the association between objectively measured sleep and time to develop dementia. This study leverages polysomnography (PSG) sleep data extracted from the VA national electronic health records (VA-EHR) to assess the association between sleep and time to develop dementia. We identified 61,165 PSG reports from the VA-EHR from 2000 to 2019 using CPT codes. Patients who developed dementia were identified using all-cause dementia ICD-9/10 codes documented on two separate visits starting one year after the PSG study until the end of 2019 in a 1-year sliding period (n=1,534). Using the first appearance of ICD-9/10 code as dementia onset time, patients were clustered into 3 groups of early-, mid-, and late time to develop dementia (mean = 2.7, 7.5, 12.8 years, respectively). Natural language processing was used to extract sleep efficiency (SE) and sleep onset latency (SOL). Univariate analysis was used to compare the groups. After adjusting for age, SE was significantly higher in the late (76%) vs early (69%) group and SOL was significantly shorter in late (21m) versus early (33m) group. SE was higher and SOL was shorter in patients who developed dementia later compared to those who developed dementia earlier. Greater sleep continuity in late dementia onset group suggests that sleep may be a modifiable risk factor that could potentially delay the onset of dementia.

051 Is Working Memory Associated with Ag- related Emotional Memory Bias?

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A21-A22
Author(s):  
Negin Sattari ◽  
Lauren Whitehurst ◽  
Sara Mednick
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
Emotional Memory ◽  
Negative Word ◽  
Memory Bias ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Sleep Condition ◽  
Valence And Arousal ◽  
Positive Memories

Abstract Introduction Aging is accompanied by deterioration in both working memory (WM) and long-term memory (LTM), though the reason is not well understood. Sleep may play a role in young adults, but the findings in older adults are not as clear. In addition, older adults show better memory for positive memories, whereas youngers tend to hold on to negative memories. The prefrontal cortex has been implicated in this emotional memory bias. The current study investigated the role of working memory (a prefrontal task) on emotional memory consolidation across sleep and wake in young and older adults. Methods In the morning, 93 younger (18–39) and 121 older (60–85) adults took a WM task and encoded neutral or negative word pairs, and gave valence and arousal ratings for each pair. After a wake or polysomnography-recorded sleep condition, memory for the word pairs was tested plus valence and arousal ratings. Results Youngers had better overall memory (p<.001), with older adults showing better memory for neutral compared to negative word pairs (p=.04), as well as increased positivity (p=.02), which was correlated with LTM performance (p=.009). In contrast, youngers performed better on the negative word pairs (p=.01), but no change in ratings and no association between emotional reactivity and LTM. Further, WM was positively related to memory in youngers (r=.38, p=.02), but not in older adults. Lastly, no role for sleep likely due to the lack of an immediate test. Conclusion we found that the positivity bias in aging in both memory and valence, with increasing positivity associated with better memory. We found a robust relation between WM and LTM in youngers but not older adults. Our findings are consistent with the socioemotional-selectivity theory that posits that aging is associated with a relative suppression of negative information while WM may play a role. Support (if any):

scholarly journals Do Parental Expectations Play a Role in Children's Sleep and Mothers' Distress? An Exploration of the Goodness of Fit Concept in 54 Mother-Child Dyads

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helene Werner ◽  
Oskar G. Jenni
Keyword(s):  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Parental Expectations ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Kindergarten Children ◽  
Parental Distress ◽  
Time In Bed ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
Wake Patterns ◽  
Children’S Sleep

This study describes parental expectations for sleep-wake patterns in healthy kindergarten children and explores their relation to children’s sleep quality and parental distress. Data analysis of 54 mother-child dyads (age range of the children: 4–7 years) indicated that parental expectations for children’s sleep-wake patterns differ between scheduled and free days and depend on children’s chronotype. Mothers of children with late chronotype showed less adequate expectations for children’s sleep onset time than mothers of children with early chronotype (e.g., morning types). Furthermore, children of mothers with less adequate expectations for children’s sleep onset time on scheduled days had longer settling periods during which sleep rituals may take place (r=0.31,P≤0.05), spent more time in bed than they actually sleep (r=0.35,P≤0.01), and had more frequently difficulties falling asleep (r=0.33,P≤0.01). However, less adequate expectations for children’s sleep onset time were not associated with parental distress (P>0.05). We conclude that parental expectations about their children’s sleep play a key role in understanding normal and abnormal sleep during childhood.

scholarly journals Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of the Medial Prefrontal Cortex Decreases Emotional Memory Schemas

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 3608-3616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonore Bovy ◽  
Ruud M W J Berkers ◽  
Julia C M Pottkämper ◽  
Rathiga Varatheeswaran ◽  
Guillén Fernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Medial Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Mood Induction ◽  
Recognition Performance ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Emotional Memory ◽  
Memory Bias

Abstract Mood-congruent memory bias is a critical characteristic of depression, but the underlying neural mechanism is largely unknown. Negative memory schemas might enhance encoding and consolidation of negative experiences, thereby contributing to the genesis and perpetuation of depressive pathology. To investigate this relationship, we aimed to perturb medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) processing, using neuronavigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) targeting the mPFC. Forty healthy volunteers first underwent a negative mood induction to activate negative schema processing after which they received either active inhibitory (N = 20) or control (N = 20) stimulation to the mPFC. Then, all participants performed the encoding of an emotional false memory task. Recall and recognition performance was tested the following morning. Polysomnographic data were recorded continuously during the night before and after encoding. We observed a significantly lower false recognition of negative critical lures following mPFC inhibition, but no differences in veridical memory. These findings were supported by reaction time data, showing a relative slower response to negative compared with positive critical lures. The current findings support previous causal evidence for a role of the mPFC in schema memory processing and further suggest a role of the mPFC in memory bias.

scholarly journals 0039 The Clinical Utility of Dim Light Melatonin Onset in Treatment of Delayed Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder: Preliminary Findings

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A16-A16
Author(s):  
L Swanson ◽  
J Arnedt ◽  
K DuBuc ◽  
T de Sibour ◽  
H Burgess
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Sleep Diary ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Exogenous Melatonin ◽  
Research Award ◽  
Dim Light Melatonin Onset ◽  
Wrist Actigraphy ◽  
Dim Light ◽  
Delayed Sleep

Abstract Introduction Delayed sleep-wake phase disorder (DSWPD) is common, debilitating, and challenging to treat. In an ongoing randomized trial, we are comparing exogenous melatonin treatment outcomes in DSWPD participants for whom dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) is measured objectively vs. estimated. Methods Thus far, 13 participants (27±6 years old, 67% female) have completed a randomized, controlled, double-blind 4-week trial of 0.5 mg of exogenous melatonin timed to either 3 h before measured DLMO (M-DLMO, n = 6) or 3 h before DLMO estimated at 2 h before average sleep onset time based on at least 7 days of wrist actigraphy and sleep diary (E-DLMO, n = 7). All participants met International Classification of Sleep Disorders-3 diagnostic criteria for DSWPD and were otherwise healthy. Participants completed 4 weekly treatment sessions with a blinded psychologist; time of melatonin administration and bed-rise schedule were advanced up to 1 h/week. A validated home saliva collection kit measured DLMO in all participants. Between-group t-tests and Hedges’ g effect sizes (ES) were calculated at post-treatment for the following outcomes: DLMO; Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) global score; Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ); and the actigraphy parameters sleep efficiency (SE) and clock time of sleep onset and offset. A paired-sample t-test compared the measured vs. estimated DLMO at baseline. Results The M-DLMO group had a 65±88 mins DLMO advance vs. 27±30 mins in the E-DLMO group (ES=0.51 p=.381). PSQI scores were similar between groups (M-DLMO=6.67±2.06, E-DLMO=7.1± 1.57, ES=-0.24, p=.646), as were MEQ scores (M-DLMO=43±4.98, E-DLMO=48±12.72, ES=-0.47, p=.387). Sleep onset time (M-DLMO=0:32±1:02, E-DLMO=0:31±1:38, ES=0.01, p=.98) and offset time (M-DLMO=8:05±1:03, E-DLMO=8:08±2:14, ES=-0.02, p=.968) were similar between the groups, although sleep was more efficient in M-DLMO vs. E-DLMO (84%±3% vs. 76%±10%, ES=0.94, p=.096). On average, baseline measured DLMO occurred 123±83 mins earlier than estimated DLMO (p=.001). Conclusion We are continuing to enroll participants in this trial. Preliminary results suggest some potential benefit of measuring the DLMO, but results will need to be clarified in a larger sample. Support American Sleep Medicine Foundation Strategic Research Award

Effect of exercise on sleep and bi-directional associations with accelerometer-assessed physical activity in men with obesity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Plekhanova ◽  
Alex V. Rowlands ◽  
Melanie Davies ◽  
Charlotte L. Edwardson ◽  
Andrew Hall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Post Intervention

This study examined the effect of exercise training on sleep duration and quality and bidirectional day-to-day relationships between physical activity (PA) and sleep. Fourteen inactive men with obesity (49.2±7.9 years, BMI 34.9±2.8 kg/m²) completed a baseline visit, eight-week aerobic exercise intervention, and one-month post-intervention follow-up. PA and sleep were assessed continuously throughout the study duration using wrist-worn accelerometry. Generalised estimating equations (GEE) were used to examine associations between PA and sleep. Sleep duration increased from 5.2h at baseline to 6.6h during the intervention period and 6.5h at one-month post-intervention follow-up (p<0.001). Bi-directional associations showed that higher overall activity volume and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were associated with earlier sleep onset time (p<0.05). Later timing of sleep onset was associated with lower overall volume of activity, most active continuous 30 minutes (M30CONT), and MVPA (p<0.05). Higher overall activity volume, M30CONT, and MVPA predicted more wake after sleep onset (WASO) (p<0.001), whereas greater WASO was associated with higher overall volume of activity, M30CONT, and MVPA (p<0.001). An aerobic exercise intervention increased usual sleep duration. Day-to-day, more PA predicted earlier sleep onset, but worse sleep quality and vice versa. Novelty: • Greater levels of physical activity in the day were associated with an earlier sleep onset time that night, whereas a later timing of sleep onset was associated with lower physical activity the next day in men with obesity • Higher physical activity levels were associated with worse sleep quality, and vice versa

scholarly journals Sleep problems in 0-36 months old Indonesian children with atopic dermatitis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Irwanto ◽  
Hapsari W. Ningtiar ◽  
Taufiq Hidayat ◽  
Azwin M. Putera ◽  
Zahrah Hikmah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Skin Condition ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
And Control

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, relapsing, highly pruritic skin condition that develops in early childhood. Sleep problems are common in AD children and lead to impaired quality of life, disturbance of neurocognitive function and behavior. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of sleep problems in 0-36 months old Indonesian children with AD. Children aged 0-36 months were enrolled, divided into two groups, AD and control. Sleep problems and AD were assessed using Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) and Severity Scoring of Atopic Dermatitis Index (SCORAD). Chi-square test was performed to compare the outcome. There were 35 children participating in each group. In children with sleep problems, 85.7% were diagnosed with AD and 11.4% were non-AD. Nocturnal sleep duration, night waking, nocturnal wakefulness, sleep onset time, method of falling asleep and parental consideration of sleep problems occur more often within AD group. Severity of AD also significantly contributes to sleep problems in AD group. In conclusion, this study showed that sleep problems are more prevalent in children with AD.

Aggression in Young Adults — A Matter of Short Sleep and Social Jetlag?

2013 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 754-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Randler ◽  
Christian Vollmer
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Physical Aggression ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Verbal Aggression ◽  
Wake Time ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Composite Scale ◽  
Social Jetlag ◽  
Aggression Questionnaire

Evening orientation and sleep duration have been linked with aggression and problematic behaviors, but no study has used an explicit aggression questionnaire. The present study used the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire based on physical aggression, verbal aggression, anger, and hostility, as well as questionnaires on the timing of sleep and sleep duration to assess this relationship in young adult men. The Composite Scale of Morningness was used to assess circadian preference; sleep-wake variables (wake time and sleep onset time on weekdays and on weekend days) were used to calculate midpoint of sleep, social jetlag, and sleep duration. Results indicated that sleep duration correlated negatively with verbal aggression, physical aggression, and anger. Short sleepers were more aggressive. Using multivariate analysis of variance, shorter sleep duration was a significant predictor of verbal aggression and anger. Concerning physical aggression, social jetlag also contributed to the model. Morningness-eveningness was associated with the hostility scale with eveningness related to higher hostility. Men scored higher than women in physical and verbal aggression.

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