Effect of exercise on sleep and bi-directional associations with accelerometer-assessed physical activity in men with obesity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Plekhanova ◽  
Alex V. Rowlands ◽  
Melanie Davies ◽  
Charlotte L. Edwardson ◽  
Andrew Hall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Post Intervention

This study examined the effect of exercise training on sleep duration and quality and bidirectional day-to-day relationships between physical activity (PA) and sleep. Fourteen inactive men with obesity (49.2±7.9 years, BMI 34.9±2.8 kg/m²) completed a baseline visit, eight-week aerobic exercise intervention, and one-month post-intervention follow-up. PA and sleep were assessed continuously throughout the study duration using wrist-worn accelerometry. Generalised estimating equations (GEE) were used to examine associations between PA and sleep. Sleep duration increased from 5.2h at baseline to 6.6h during the intervention period and 6.5h at one-month post-intervention follow-up (p<0.001). Bi-directional associations showed that higher overall activity volume and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were associated with earlier sleep onset time (p<0.05). Later timing of sleep onset was associated with lower overall volume of activity, most active continuous 30 minutes (M30CONT), and MVPA (p<0.05). Higher overall activity volume, M30CONT, and MVPA predicted more wake after sleep onset (WASO) (p<0.001), whereas greater WASO was associated with higher overall volume of activity, M30CONT, and MVPA (p<0.001). An aerobic exercise intervention increased usual sleep duration. Day-to-day, more PA predicted earlier sleep onset, but worse sleep quality and vice versa. Novelty: • Greater levels of physical activity in the day were associated with an earlier sleep onset time that night, whereas a later timing of sleep onset was associated with lower physical activity the next day in men with obesity • Higher physical activity levels were associated with worse sleep quality, and vice versa

1. The Effects of an Aerobic Exercise Intervention on Daily Activity Patterns

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Bouma
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Daily Activity ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
Low Intensity Exercise ◽  
Daily Activity Patterns

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of participation in an aerobic exercise intervention on daily activity occurring outside of the structured exercise sessions. Participants were randomized into one of the following 4 conditions: 1) No-exercise, 2) Low volume, low intensity exercise (LVLI), 3) High volume, low intensity exercise (HVLI), 4) Low volume, high intensity (LVHI). Physical activity was measured over 7 days with an accelerometer at baseline and during week 8 of the intervention. Activity was defined as: sedentary behaviour (SED; < 100 counts/minute), light physical activity (LPA; 100 to 1951 counts/minute), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA; ≥1952 counts/minute), and total physical activity (TPA; LPA + MVPA). Activity was quantified as average total minutes per day of each SED, LPA, MVPA, and TPA. A one-way ANOVA was used to determine if time spent in SED, LPA, MVPA, and TPA changed from baseline to week 8. Seventy-one participants (No-exercise; n=12, LVLI n=17, HVLI n=24, LVHI; n=18,) with a mean age of 54 y and waist circumference of 110 cm completed 8 weeks of the intervention. There were no significant differences in SED, LPA, MVPA, or TPA between groups at baseline. There was no significant change in SED, LPA, MVPA, or TPA at week 8 compared to baseline (p>0.05). Similarly, there were no significant differences in activity variables between exercise conditions. Our observations suggest that daily activity patterns do not change with the implementation of an exercise intervention in men and women.

The influence of sleep quality on weight retention in the postpartum period

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
Brittany A. Matenchuk ◽  
Margie H. Davenport
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Postpartum Weight Retention ◽  
Weight Retention ◽  
Light Activity ◽  
Postpartum Weight

Poor sleep in the postpartum is often treated as an unavoidable consequence of childbirth. This study aims to compare objective and subjective measures of sleep, explore the relationship between sleep and postpartum weight retention (PPWR), and investigate factors that may contribute to sleep quality in the postpartum period. In this cross-sectional cohort, PPWR, sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)), and objective sleep and physical activity (accelerometry) were assessed in 109 women 0–52 weeks postpartum. Anthropometric and demographic data were collected. Gestational weight gain (GWG) was classified as inadequate, appropriate, or excessive according to Institute of Medicine guidelines. Average GWG (33.7 lbs) and PPWR (5.39 lbs) were not different between “good” (PSQI < 6) and “bad” (PSQI ≥ 6) sleepers. Following adjustment, mothers with excessive GWG who were “bad” sleepers had 5.26 higher odds of PPWR ≥ 10 lbs compared with all other combinations of GWG and PSQI. PSQI was not correlated with total sleep time (accelerometer-derived). Light activity and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were associated with reduced odds of being a “bad” sleeper. The influence of GWG on PPWR was modified by postpartum sleep quality. Both light activity and meeting the MVPA guidelines in the postpartum were associated with higher sleep quality. Novelty Subjectively rated poor sleep may represent the number of awakenings and wake after sleep onset in postpartum women. Poor postpartum sleep quality increases excessive postpartum weight retention in women with excessive GWG. Women doing light-to-vigorous physical activity in the postpartum are less likely to experience poor sleep quality.

The relationship between sleep and physical activity: The moderating role of daily alcohol consumption

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunjin Lee Tracy ◽  
Kathryn Jean Reid ◽  
Kelly Glazer Baron
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Sleep Fragmentation ◽  
Activity Duration ◽  
Alcoholic Drinks ◽  
Physical Activity Duration

Abstract Study objectives Studies have demonstrated a daily, bidirectional relationship between sleep and physical activity. However, little is known about how other health behaviors, such as alcohol consumption affect this relationship. This study examined how daily and average alcohol consumption affects the relationships between sleep and physical activity. Methods Participants included 70 men and women, ages 18-50 with sleep duration &gt;6.5 h. Participants wore an actigraph, physical activity monitor and recorded number of alcoholic drinks by daily food logs for 7 days. Results were analyzed using multi-level models to evaluate the 7-day average (i.e., between-person effects) and daily effects (i.e., within-person effects) simultaneously. Results Those with more average (7 day) minutes of vigorous physical activity had less wake after sleep onset (WASO). Furthermore, a higher number of alcoholic drinks was associated with longer sleep duration and higher WASO over 7 days. Days with a higher number of alcoholic drinks were associated with higher WASO and sleep fragmentation that night. Alcohol intake moderated the average (7 day) and daily relationships between sleep and physical activity such that high average (7 days) WASO was associated with shorter average total physical activity duration, but only for those with higher alcohol intake. In addition, longer physical activity duration during the day was associated with lower sleep fragmentation that night, but only for those with lower alcohol intake. Conclusions These data demonstrate that in a naturalistic setting, alcohol intake negatively impacts sleep and diminishes the benefits of physical activity on sleep.

Vigorous Physical Activity is Associated with Regular Aerobic Exercise-Induced Increased Serum Testosterone Levels in Overweight/Obese Men

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (01) ◽  
pp. 73-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Kumagai ◽  
Toru Yoshikawa ◽  
Asako Zempo-Miyaki ◽  
Kanae Myoenzono ◽  
Takehiko Tsujimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Bioavailable Testosterone

AbstractTestosterone is a male sex hormone and low circulating testosterone levels are associated with various health disorders in men. Obesity results in reduced circulating testosterone levels in men. Previously, we demonstrated that lifestyle modifications (combination of aerobic exercise and dietary modification) increase circulating testosterone levels in overweight/obese men. However, the effect of regular aerobic exercise on serum testosterone levels remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a 12-week aerobic exercise intervention on circulating testosterone levels in normal-weight and overweight/obese men. Sixteen normal-weight men and twenty-eight overweight/obese men completed a 12-week aerobic exercise intervention. Before and after the intervention, we measured serum total testosterone, free testosterone, and bioavailable testosterone levels, and categorized the physical activity levels (light, moderate, or vigorous) in all participants. At baseline, serum total testosterone, free testosterone, and bioavailable testosterone levels were significantly lower in overweight/obese men than in normal-weight men (all p<0.01). After the 12-week aerobic exercise intervention, serum total testosterone, free testosterone, and bioavailable testosterone levels significantly increased in overweight/obese men (p<0.01). In addition, stepwise multivariable linear regression analysis revealed the increase in vigorous physical activity was independently associated with increased serum total testosterone levels (β=0.47, p=0.011). We demonstrated that a 12-week aerobic exercise intervention increased serum total testosterone, free testosterone, and bioavailable testosterone levels in overweight/obese men. We suggest that an increase in vigorous physical activity increased circulating testosterone levels in overweight/obese men.

scholarly journals Sleep Quality and Recommended Levels of Physical Activity in Older People

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iuliana Hartescu ◽  
Kevin Morgan ◽  
Clare D. Stevinson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Older People ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Sleep Maintenance ◽  
Level Of Activity ◽  
Lower Likelihood

A minimum level of activity likely to improve sleep outcomes among older people has not previously been explored. In a representative UK sample aged 65+ (n = 926), cross-sectional regressions controlling for appropriate confounders showed that walking at or above the internationally recommended threshold of ≥ 150 min per week was significantly associated with a lower likelihood of reporting insomnia symptoms (OR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.45−0.91, p < .05). At a 4-year follow-up (n = 577), higher walking levels at baseline significantly predicted a lower likelihood of reporting sleep onset (OR = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.42−0.97, p < .05) or sleep maintenance (OR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.41−0.95, p < .05) problems. These results are consistent with the conclusion that current physical activity guidelines can support sleep quality in older adults.

scholarly journals Weight Status, Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet, Physical Activity Level, and Sleep Behavior of Italian Junior High School Adolescents

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Rosi ◽  
Francesca Giopp ◽  
Giulia Milioli ◽  
Gabriele Melegari ◽  
Matteo Goldoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Achievement Data ◽  
The Mediterranean

Inadequate diet, physical activity, and sleep-related behaviors are potential risk factors for overweight and obese, therefore we investigated the relations between body mass index (BMI) and behavioral factors in a sample of Italian adolescents. Four hundred nine Italian secondary school students (46% females, 12.5 ± 0.6 y.o.) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Anthropometric measures, adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (KIDMED), physical activity level (PAQ-C), sleep duration, daytime sleepiness (PDSS), sleep quality, and school achievement data were collected through an online questionnaire. The percentage of overweight adolescents was slightly lower (14%) compared to the regional and the national figures. Approximately 88% of the sample reported a medium/high adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and 77% a moderate/vigorous physical activity level. The average sleep duration was in line with the international sleep recommendation for adolescents and 82% had a medium/high sleep quality. No differences were found between genders except for BMI (lower in females). Unexpectedly, no differences were found among the BMI groups (normal weight vs. overweight vs. obese) for lifestyle variables; in contrast, Mediterranean Diet adherence was associated with sleep habits. Further investigation is required to better explore the associations among behavioral variables involved in adolescents’ healthy development.

scholarly journals The Effects of Exercise Duration and Intensity on Breast Cancer-Related DNA Methylation: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 4128
Author(s):  
Arielle S. Gillman ◽  
Timothy Helmuth ◽  
Claire E. Koljack ◽  
Kent E. Hutchison ◽  
Wendy M. Kohrt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Supervised Exercise

Emerging research suggests that one mechanism through which physical activity may decrease cancer risk is through its influence on the methylation of genes associated with cancer. The purpose of the current study was to prospectively test, using a rigorous experimental design, whether aerobic exercise affects DNA methylation in genes associated with breast cancer, as well as whether quantity of exercise completed affects change in DNA methylation in a dose–response manner. 276 women (M age = 37.25, SD = 4.64) were recruited from the Denver metro area for a randomized controlled trial in which participants were assigned to a supervised aerobic exercise program varying in a fully crossed design by intensity (55–65% versus 75–85% of VO2max) and duration (40 versus 20 min per session). DNA methylation was assessed via blood samples provided at baseline, after completing a 16-week supervised exercise intervention, and six months after the intervention. 137 participants completed the intervention, and 81 had viable pre-post methylation data. Contrary to our hypotheses, total exercise volume completed in kcal/kg/week was not associated with methylation from baseline to post-intervention for any of the genes of interest. An increase in VO2max over the course of the intervention, however, was associated with decreased post-intervention methylation of BRCA1, p = 0.01. Higher levels of self-reported exercise during the follow-up period were associated with lower levels of GALNT9 methylation at the six-month follow-up. This study provides hypothesis-generating evidence that increased exercise behavior and or increased fitness might affect methylation of some genes associated with breast cancer to reduce risk.

scholarly journals The Feasibility and Effects of Qigong Intervention (Mind-Body Exercise) in Cancer Patients With Insomnia: A Pilot Qualitative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 153473542097767
Author(s):  
Sara L. K. Low ◽  
Birinder S. Cheema ◽  
Hsiewe Ying Tan ◽  
Yoann Birling ◽  
Xiaoshu Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Clinical Trial Design ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Insomnia Severity

Background: Up to 80% of cancer patients experience insomnia that significantly affects their quality of life. This pilot qualitative study investigated the feasibility and effects of a 3-week Qigong (mind-body exercise) intervention with a 1-week follow-up in cancer patients experiencing insomnia. Methods: Cancer patients with insomnia who had completed radiotherapy or chemotherapy treatment and/or were at least 8 weeks post-cancer-related surgery were recruited. Primary outcomes were feasibility outcomes, which included recruitment, retention, attendance, completion of assessment, adverse events and participant feedback via a questionnaire and focus group/individual interview. Secondary outcomes on insomnia severity and sleep quality were measured using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) at baseline, mid, post-intervention and follow-up. Results: Seven participants were recruited and two withdrew from the study. The participant retention rate was 71.4% with an overall attendance rate of more than 84% and participants were able to complete all required assessments. An adverse event relating to the worsening of existing musculoskeletal condition was reported. Qualitative analysis of participant feedback identified 4 emerging themes: (1) experience from Qigong intervention; (2) class preferences; (3) barriers to participation; and (4) recommendation for improvement. Participants reported increased relaxation, improved sleep and energy level, better upper body flexibility and reduced stress. Both ISI and PSQI scores improved significantly ( P < .05). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that it is feasible to employ the current clinical trial design using Qigong intervention on insomnia in cancer patients. Preliminary data suggest that the intervention may improve sleep outcomes, however, these findings need to be confirmed by future robust randomized controlled trials. Trial registration: The trial was registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12618001670268) http://www.ANZCTR.org.au/ACTRN12618001670268.aspxon10October2018 .

scholarly journals Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Sleep Quality in Adults with Primary Hypertension and Obesity before and after an Aerobic Exercise Program: EXERDIET-HTA Study

Life ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Aitor Martinez Aguirre-Betolaza ◽  
Iñigo Mujika ◽  
Paul Loprinzi ◽  
Pablo Corres ◽  
Ilargi Gorostegi-Anduaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Primary Hypertension ◽  
Intervention Period ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
Objectively Measured

Background: The purposes of the study were to: analyze, by objective (accelerometry) and subjective (International Physical Activity Questionnaire, IPAQ) methodologies, the physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) in healthy adults (HEALTHY, n = 30) and individuals with primary hypertension (HTN) and overweight/obesity (n = 218); assess the effects of an aerobic exercise intervention on physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB), and sleep quality in the HTN group; and evaluate the relationship between objectively measured and subjectively reported PA and SB. Methods: The measurements were performed before a 16-week exercise intervention period in both HEALTHY and HTN groups and after the intervention period only in the HTN group, randomized to attention control or exercise training (ExT) subgroups. Results: The HEALTHY group showed more moderate-to-vigorous PA (p < 0.05) and better sleep quality (p < 0.05) than the HTN group, but no difference in SB. After the intervention, HTN participants’ PA and SB, objectively measured by accelerometry, were unchanged, but increased PA and decreased SB (p < 0.05) were observed through IPAQ in ExT. The intervention was effective in improving sleep quality in HTN participants. Conclusions: The differences in moderate-to-vigorous PA and SB may be useful in defining the health profile of a population. The supervised aerobic exercise program was effective in increasing PA, reducing SB, and improving sleep quality in overweight/obese adults with HTN. Accelerometer-measured and self-reported data were not comparable, but complementary.

scholarly journals Aerobic versus resistance exercises on systemic inflammation and sleep parameters in obese subjects with chronic insomnia syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 1214-1222
Author(s):  
Osama H Al-Jiffri ◽  
Shehab M Abd El-Kader
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Primary Insomnia ◽  
Resistance Exercise Training ◽  
Group B

Background: Chronic primary insomnia is a prevalent sleep disorder that is associated with adverse effects on health out- comes. Exercise is often considered a non-pharmacological approach that could have beneficial effects on sleep. Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the impact of aerobic and resistance exercise training on quality of sleep and inflammatory markers among subjects with chronic primary insomnia. Material and Methods: Sixty previously sedentary subjects with chronic primary insomnia subjects enrolled in this study, their age ranged from 31-52 years. All participants were randomly assigned to aerobic exercise intervention group (group A, n=35) or resistance exercise intervention group (group B, n=35). Polysomnographic recordings for sleep quality assessment, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α were measured before and at the end of the study after six months. Results: There was a significant increase in the total sleep duration, sleep efficiency, sleep onset latency and IL-10 in group(A) and group (B) in addition to significant reduction in awake time after sleep onset, REM latency, IL-6 and TNF-α after 6 months of aerbic and resistance exercise training. However, there were significant differences between both groups at the end of the study. Conclusion: Aerobic exercise training is more appropriately than resistance exercise training in modulation of inflammatory and sleep quality among subjects with chronic primary insomnia. Keywords: Aerobic exercise; chronic primary insomnia; inflammatory cytokines; resistance exercise; sleep quality.

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