Einfluss der kompostanwendung auf die organische bodensubstanz und mikrobiologische eigenschaften von sandböden in niedersachsen: Influence of compost application on organic matter and microbial properties of sandy soils in lower saxony

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-84
Author(s):  
Mark Overesch ◽  
Gabriele Broll ◽  
Heinrich Höper ◽  
Frank Lorenz
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Lower Saxony ◽  
Microbial Properties ◽  
Compost Application

scholarly journals Compost as an Option for Sustainable Crop Production at Low Stocking Rates in Organic Farming

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1078
Author(s):  
Christopher Brock ◽  
Meike Oltmanns ◽  
Christoph Matthes ◽  
Ben Schmehe ◽  
Harald Schaaf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Potassium Sulfate ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Internal Resources ◽  
Compost Application ◽  
Stocking Rates

Mixed-crop-livestock farms offer the best conditions for sustainable nutrient management in organic farming. However, if stocking rates are too low, sustainability might be threatened. Therefore, we studied the development of soil organic matter and nutrients as well as crop yields over the first course of a new long-term field experiment with a mimicked cattle stocking rate of 0.6 LU ha−1, which is the actual average stocking rate for organic farms in Germany. In the experiment, we tested the effects of additional compost application to improve organic matter supply to soils, and further, potassium sulfate fertilization for an improved nutrition of fodder legumes. Compost was made from internal resources of the farm (woody material from hedge-cutting). Soil organic matter and nutrient stocks decreased in the control treatment, even though yield levels, and thus nutrient exports, were comparably low. With compost application, soil organic matter and nutrient exports could be compensated for. At the same time, the yields increased but stayed at a moderate level. Potassium sulfate fertilization further improved N yields. We conclude that compost from internal resources is a viable solution to facilitate sustainable organic crop production at low stocking rates. However, we are aware that this option does not solve the basic problem of open nutrient cycles on the farm gate level.

Organic matter fractions and N mineralization in vegetable-cropped sandy soils

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Jegajeevagan ◽  
S. Sleutel ◽  
N. Ameloot ◽  
M. A. Kader ◽  
S. De Neve
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
N Mineralization ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Organic Matter Fractions

Organic Matter Fractions Controlling Soil Water Repellency in Sandy Soils From the Doñana National Park (Southwestern Spain)

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 1413-1423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicasio T. Jiménez‐Morillo ◽  
José A. González‐Pérez ◽  
Antonio Jordán ◽  
Lorena M. Zavala ◽  
José María Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
National Park ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Soil Water Repellency ◽  
Doñana National Park ◽  
Organic Matter Fractions

Onset of Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 in the Lower Saxony Basin – Insights fromhigh-resolution stable isotope stratigraphy and geochemical modelling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pia Müller ◽  
Ulrich Heimhofer ◽  
Christian Ostertag-Henning
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Carbon Cycle ◽  
Geochemical Modelling ◽  
Positive Anomaly ◽  
Lower Saxony ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Oceanic Anoxic Event ◽  
Anoxic Event

<p>The Oceanic Anoxic Event (OAE) 2 spanning the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary (93.5 Ma)<br>represents a major perturbation of the global carbon cycle and is marked by organic-rich<br>sediments deposited under oxygen-depleted conditions. In many studies the eruption of the<br>Caribbean LIP is considered to be the cause for rapidly increasing CO2 concentrations and<br>resulting global warming accompanied by widespread oceanic anoxia. In the Lower Saxony<br>Basin of northern Germany, the deposits of the OAE 2 are exposed in several industry drill<br>cores. In this study, the lower part of the OAE 2 has been studied in the HOLCIM 2011-3 drill<br>core. Sedimentary rocks are composed of limestones, marly limestones, marls and black<br>shales and have been analysed with a high-resolution stable isotope approach<br>(approximately one sample every 2 cm) combined with geochemical modelling. Using stable<br>carbon isotopes, bulk rock parameters and petrographic analysis, the onset of OAE 2 has<br>been investigated in detail. The high-resolution δ<sup>13</sup>C curve exhibits overall stable values<br>around 3 ‰ before the onset of the Plenus event. This background level is interrupted by<br>three short-lived and small but significant negative carbon isotope excursions (CIEs) down to<br>δ<sup>13</sup>C values of 2.5 ‰, 2.7 ‰ and 1.9 ‰. Immediately before the main rise in the Plenus bed,<br>a longer-lasting negative CIE down to 2.8 ‰ is observed, preceding the large positive CIE of<br>the OAE 2 to values of 5.2 ‰ over 33 ka. Thereafter, the δ<sup>13</sup>C values decrease to 3.5 ‰ over<br>a period of approximately 130 ka. The results can be correlated with the lower-resolution<br>data set of Voigt et al. (2008) but enable a more accurate characterization of the subtle<br>features of the CIE and hence events before and during this time interval. Carbon cycle<br>modelling with the modelling software SIMILE using a model based on Kump & Arthur (1999)<br>reveals that the negative excursion before the Plenus bed can be explained by a massive<br>volcanic pulse releasing of 0.95*10<sup>18</sup> mol CO2 within 14 ka. This amount corresponds to only<br>81 % of the calculated volume of CO<sub>2</sub> release during emplacement of the Caribbean LIP by<br>Joo et al. (2020). In the model the volcanic exhalation increases atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub><br>concentrations. This will increase global temperatures, intensify the hydrological cycle and<br>thus increase nutrient input into the ocean, resulting in an expansion of the oxygen minimum<br>zone, the development of anoxic conditions and an increase in the preservation potential for<br>organic material. In the model enhanced primary productivity and organic matter preservation<br>can be controlled by the implemented riverine phosphate input and the preservation factor for<br>organic matter. For the positive anomaly, the riverine phosphate input must be nearly<br>doubled (from 0.01 μmol/kg PO<sub>4 </sub>to 0.019 μmol/kg) for the period of the increasing δ<sup>13</sup>C<br>values (app. 33 ka), with a concomitant rise of the preservation factor from 1 % to 2 %. This<br>model scenario accurately reproduces the major features of the new high-resolution δ<sup>13</sup>C<br>record over the onset of the OAE 2 CIE.</p>

Modelling soil organic matter changes in ley-arable rotations in sandy soils of Northeast Thailand

1998 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. WU ◽  
A. G. O'DONNELL ◽  
J. K. SYERS ◽  
M. A. ADEY ◽  
P. VITYAKON
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Northeast Thailand

Water repellence in sandy soils of South-Western Australia. II. Some chemical characteristics of the hydrophobic skins

Soil Research ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
FJ Roberts ◽  
BA Carbon
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Diethyl Ether ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Water Repellent ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Produce Water ◽  
Water Repellence ◽  
Humic Fraction

The hydrophobic organic skins on sand grains were resistant to removal by solvents such as cold water, concentrated acid, diethyl ether, ethanol, benzene, chloroform, and acetone. Prolonged treatment with hot diethyl ether, ethanol, and benzene removed part of the coating. Treatment with dilute solutions of alkali removed the skin as suspended particles. Compounds within the very stable humic fraction of the soil organic matter appeared to be mainly responsible for water repellence in soils. Deposits of fresh organic materials could also produce water repellent properties.

scholarly journals Manganese Fractionation in Soils after Application of Municipal Solid Wastes Compost in Two Consecutive Years

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molod Samiei ◽  
Abdolamir Bostani
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Residual Fraction ◽  
Municipal Solid Wastes ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Compost Application ◽  
Mn Concentration ◽  
Mn Oxides

In order to study the effect of Tehran municipal solid wastes compost on manganese accumulation in soil and to determine its concentration in any readily available plant forms (exchangeable and carbonates-bonded), Mn-oxides bonded fraction, organic matter bonded fraction, and residual fraction in a calcareous soil, a factorial experiment based on completely randomized block design (RCBD) was conducted in research field of Shahed university at different levels of municipal solid wastes compost (0, 15, 30, and 60 ton/ha) as first factor and application times (one- or two-year compost application) as second factor in three replications. Results showed that, by increasing compost level, total Mn concentration, DTPA-extractable concentration, and amounts existing in all five fractions were increased, so lowest and highest amounts of Mn were observed in control and 60 ton/ha compost application. Based on results from Mn fractionation using Tessier consecutive extraction method, Mn fractions in all samples were in the following order: residual > Fe-Mn oxides > carbonates-bonded > organic matter-bonded ≫ exchangeable fractions in which residual fraction (RE) at first and second year was dominant rather than other fractions by 34.28–43.04 and 34.28–49.48 percent, respectively. Mn concentration in Fe-Mn oxides-bonded fraction at both years was considerable. Mn amounts in Fe-Mn oxides- bonded, application times were decreased.

Organic matter recovery in sandy soils under bush fallow in southern Mozambique

2008 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo B. J. C. Nhantumbo ◽  
Stig Ledin ◽  
Christiaan C. Du Preez
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Bush Fallow

scholarly journals Effects of Different Tillage Intensities on Physicochemical and Microbial Properties of a Eutric Fluvisol Soil

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1497
Author(s):  
Anna Maria Gajda ◽  
Ewa Antonina Czyż ◽  
Agnieszka Klimkowicz-Pawlas
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Basal Respiration ◽  
Metabolic Potential ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Level Indicator ◽  
Microbial Properties

The physicochemical and microbial properties of soil under long-term monoculture of winter wheat were studied to assess the effects of two tillage systems of different intensities: reduced (RT) and conventional (CT). The research was carried out on an 18-year-old experimental field at Grabów (eastern Poland) between 2018 and 2020. The RT (ploughless) and the CT (mouldboard ploughing) systems with machine operating depths of up to 10 and 25 cm, respectively, were used. The analysed parameters were as follows: soil texture, pH, readily dispersible clay content (RDC), soil organic matter (SOM), carbon from particulate organic matter (POM-C), hot- and cold-water-extractable organic carbon (HWEC, CWEC) and nitrogen (HWEN, CWEN), soil basal respiration (SBR), microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and nitrogen (MBN), nitrification potential (NP), dehydrogenases (DEH), and acid (ACP) and alkaline (ALP) phosphatases activities. Several single soil quality indices, including: metabolic (qCO2) and microbial (MicQ) quotients, enzymatic pH level indicator (EpHI), stratification ratio (SR), and metabolic potential index (MP) were calculated. The use of RT resulted in increased SOM and, therefore, in decreased RDC and increased values of soil stability, POM-C, HWEC, CWEC, HWEN, CWEN, MBC, and MBN in relation to CT. The MicQ, EpHI, SR, and MP well reflected the effects of RT and CT systems on soil and appeared to be useful in soil quality assessment. The results showed the beneficial effects on soil of the less intensive RT system in comparison with CT. Statistical analysis showed the significance of differences between tillage systems and interrelationships between the studied soil quality parameters.

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