Primary versus secondary prevention messages: College students' perceptions of effectiveness by marijuana user status

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 743-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Wotring ◽  
Peter Paprzycki ◽  
Victoria Wagner-Green ◽  
Quri R. Wygonik ◽  
Alexis A. Blavos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Marijuana User ◽  
Prevention Messages

scholarly journals College Students’ Perceptions of Worry and Parent Beliefs: Associations with Behaviors to Prevent Sun Exposure

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Yockey ◽  
Laura A. Nabors ◽  
Oladunni Oluwoye ◽  
Kristen Welker ◽  
Angelica M. Hardee
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Protective Clothing ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Sun Protection ◽  
Parental Beliefs ◽  
Parent Beliefs ◽  
Prevention Messages ◽  
Midwestern University ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

More research is needed to understand how attitudes impact behaviors that afford sun protection. The current study examined the impact of students’ perceptions of parental beliefs about sun exposure and its influence on their practiced sun protection behaviors and worry about sun exposure. Participants were college students (N=462) at a large Midwestern university. They completed a survey to examine their perceptions of risks and messages about sun exposure and sun exposure behaviors. Results indicated that gender and students’ perceptions of parental beliefs about sun exposure were related to sun protection behaviors and their own worry over sun exposure. Specifically, males showed lower levels of sun protection behaviors, with the exception of wearing a hat with a brim, and lower levels of worry about sun exposure compared to females. Roughly a third of our sample had a family history of skin cancer, and this variable was related to worry about sun exposure and parental beliefs. Prevention messages and interventions to reduce sun risk for college students should address risks of sun exposure as well as educating young adults about the importance of wearing sunscreen, protective clothing, and hats to improve sun protection.

scholarly journals Alcohol-related injury among Greek-letter college students: Defining a target population for secondary prevention

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Claire O’Brien ◽  
Robert S McNamara ◽  
Thomas P McCoy ◽  
Erin L Sutfin ◽  
Mark Wolfson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Greek Letter

Assessing the Impact of Gain and Loss Messages on Drunkorexia

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tavis Glassman ◽  
Monita Karmakar ◽  
Tom Castor ◽  
Alexis Blavos ◽  
Jessica Kruger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Text Message ◽  
Maladaptive Behavior ◽  
Prevention Messages ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Impact

The term drunkorexia refers to a maladaptive behavior characterized by caloric restriction and/or increased exercise to compensate for calories consumed from alcohol. The objective of this study was to compare loss and gain-framed prevention messages focusing on dietary issues and alcohol. Researchers employed a quasi-experimental design using repeated-measures. Participants (n = 211) received messages in person, via email, and via text message. Individuals exposed to gain-framed messages decreased alcohol consumption and reported a reduction in maladaptive exercise. None of the messages elicited increased drunkorexic behavior, indicating that educating college students about the calories associated with alcohol does not result in deleterious outcomes.

Audience Recall of AIDS PSAs Among U.S. and International College Students

1997 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-Sook Lee ◽  
William R. Davie
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Cultural Identity ◽  
College Women ◽  
College Men ◽  
Prevention Messages ◽  
Emotional Appeals ◽  
International College ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The U.S

Results from an experimental study show that the audience recall of AIDS PSAs is related to message appeal types, cultural identity, and gender. PSA messages with strong emotional appeals are better remembered by college students than the rational appeal messages. The U.S. viewers recall more of the AIDS prevention messages than the international participants. Results also show that college women recall more AIDS PSA messages than college men in general, and emotional AIDS message appeals in particular. The pattern indicates an exact reversal of differences between two message-appeal types for each gender.

scholarly journals An Experimental Investigation of Human Presence and Mobile Technologies on College Students’ Sun Protection Intentions: Between-Subjects Study

10.2196/13720 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. e13720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaomeng Niu ◽  
David C Jeong ◽  
Elliot J Coups ◽  
Jerod L Stapleton
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Sun Protection ◽  
Skin Cancer Prevention ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Screen Size ◽  
Human Presence ◽  
Large Screen ◽  
Prevention Messages ◽  
The Impact

Background Health promotion and education programs are increasingly being adapted and developed for delivery through digital technologies. With this shift toward digital health approaches, it is important to identify design strategies in health education and promotion programs that enhance participant engagement and promote behavior change. Objective This study aimed to examine the impact of an experiment testing various mobile health (mHealth) skin cancer prevention messages on sun protection intentions and message perceptions among American college students. Methods A sample of 134 college students aged 18 years or older participated in a 2×2×2 between-subjects experimental study, designed to examine the individual and combinatory effects of multiple dimensions (human presence, screen size, and interactivity) of digital technologies. The primary study outcome was intention to use sun protection; secondary outcomes included attitudes toward the information, two dimensions of trust, and information processing. Results Generally, intention to use sun protection was positively associated with the presence of human characters in the health educational messages (P<.001), delivering educational health messages on a large screen (ie, iPad; P<.001), and higher interactivity (P<.001). Only human presence produced more favorable attitudes (P=.02). Affective trust was positively associated with human presence (P=.006) and large screen size (P<.001), whereas cognitive trust was positively associated with human presence (P<.001) and small screen size (P=.007). Moreover, large screen size led to more heuristic processing (P=.03), whereas small screen size led to more systematic processing (P=.04). Conclusions This experimental study demonstrates that the impact of mHealth skin cancer prevention messages differs based on platform and delivery design features. Effects on behavioral intentions, attitudes, and trust were found for conditions with human presence, highlighting the importance of including this feature in mHealth programs. Results from this experimental study can be used to optimize the design of mHealth educational interventions that promote sun protection.

scholarly journals Making Decisions With Trees: Examining Marijuana Outcomes Among College Students Using Recursive Partitioning

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 744-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam D. Wilson ◽  
Kevin S. Montes ◽  
Adrian J. Bravo ◽  
Bradley T. Conner ◽  
Matthew R. Pearson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Recursive Partitioning ◽  
Marijuana Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Behavioral Strategies ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Marijuana User ◽  
Methodological Tool ◽  
Selection Of

Exploratory analyses were used to identify a unique constellation of variables that are associated with marijuana use outcomes among college students. We used recursive partitioning to examine more than 100 putative antecedents of lifetime marijuana user status, past-month marijuana user status, and negative marijuana-related consequences. Participants ( N = 8,141) completed measures online across 11 sites in the United States. Norms (descriptive, injunctive, and internalized norms) and marijuana identity best distinguished marijuana users from nonusers (i.e., lifetime/past month), whereas marijuana use frequency, use of protective behavioral strategies, and positive/negative urgency best distinguished the degree to which users reported negative consequences. Our results demonstrate that tree-based modeling is a useful methodological tool in the selection of targets for future clinical research. Additional research is needed to determine if these factors are causal antecedents, rather than consequences or epiphenomena. We hope this large sample study provides the impetus to develop intervention strategies targeting these factors.

The Social Attitudes of College Students toward Marijuana: Implications for Education

1982 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. V. Toohey ◽  
T. L. Dezelsky ◽  
C. R. Baffi
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Drug Education ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Marijuana User ◽  
The Social ◽  
Use Behavior ◽  
Nonparametric Statistical

The purpose of this study was to identify college students' self-reported reasons for using or not using marijuana and to compare these patterns of acceptance or rejection with value frameworks from which drug decisions are made. A questionnaire was designed to measure patterns of past and present drug use behavior in relationship to age, sex, social values and grade point average. The data were analyzed by using the Nonparametric statistical method of chi-square. The findings in this study indicate that specificity is needed in drug education. The marijuana user should be presented with a drug education learning experience which would weaken or diminish the “Therapeutic Drug Ethic” values system, and strengthen the “Wisdom of Nature Ethic” values system.

A Protective Model for Suicidal Behaviors in American and Pakistani College Students

2019 ◽  
pp. 003022281984302
Author(s):  
Jeffrey J. Klibert ◽  
Sobia Aftab ◽  
Nicholas Tarantino ◽  
Matthew Miceli ◽  
Dorian Lamis
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
College Students ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Suicidal Behaviors ◽  
Study Results ◽  
High Engagement ◽  
Cross National

There is a paucity of cross-national studies evaluating protective models for suicidal behaviors. Thus, using a behavioral framework, the purpose of this study was to examine whether higher levels of life-enhancing behaviors could mitigate or weaken the relation between depressive symptoms and suicidal behaviors in United States and Pakistani college students. A total of 811 students (449 Pakistani and 362 U.S. students) participated in the study. Results indicated that the strength of the relation between depressive symptoms and suicidal behaviors was stronger for U.S. students. In addition, the association between depressive symptoms and suicidal behaviors weakened in the presence of high engagement in life-enhancing behaviors. This effect was comparable in strength for American versus Pakistani students. The results offer preliminary evidence for life-enhancing behaviors as a protective factor for suicide across unique cultural settings and may serve as a valuable area of focus for secondary prevention programs.

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