scholarly journals The Role of Prosocial Behavior in Promoting Physical Activity, as an Indicator of Resilience, in a Low-Income Neighborhood

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 353-365
Author(s):  
Quianta L. Moore ◽  
Christopher Kulesza ◽  
Rachel Kimbro ◽  
Daphne Flores ◽  
Felicia Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Income Neighborhood

scholarly journals Neighborhood and Parental Influences on Diet and Physical Activity Behaviors in Young Low-Income Pediatric Patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (13) ◽  
pp. 1235-1243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nakiya N. Showell ◽  
Katie Washington Cole ◽  
Katherine Johnson ◽  
Lisa Ross DeCamp ◽  
Megan Bair-Merritt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Dynamic Relationship ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Racial Ethnic

This study explores the relationship between neighborhood characteristics and caregiver preferences for establishing diet and physical activity behaviors among low-income African American and Hispanic young children (2-5 years). Primary caregivers of young children were recruited from 2 urban pediatric clinics to participate in focus groups (n = 33). Thematic analysis of transcripts identified 3 themes: neighborhood constraints on desired behaviors, caregivers’ strategies in response to neighborhoods, and caregivers’ sense of agency in the face of neighborhood constraints. This study elucidates the dynamic relationship between neighborhoods and caregiver preferences, their interrelated impacts on establishment of diet and physical activity behaviors among young children, and the important role of caregiver agency in establishing behaviors among young children. To effectively address obesity disparities among young children, primary care behavioral interventions must leverage and support such resilient caregiver responses to neighborhood constraints in order to optimally address racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in obesity among young children.

Role of Physical Activity on Calorie-Induced Changes in Cognition and Depression of Young and Aged Humans

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aindrila Das ◽  
Samir K. Ghosh ◽  
Goutam Paul ◽  
Mrinal K. Poddar
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Normal Aging ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Young Population ◽  
Aged Population ◽  
Young Subjects ◽  
Induced Changes

Normal aging is known to encounter stress. Association of aging with declining cognition and elevated depression is a phenomenon which can be modulated by lifestyle. Caloric restriction down regulates normal aging by lowering stress and has been found to protect aging processes. The present study assessed the effect of Calorie Restriction (CR) and Physical Activity (PA) on aging-induced changes on cognition and depression. Healthy male aged (20-35 years; N=312) and (55-70 years; N=392) were considered from low income and middle education population. Data related to socioeconomic status, health status, cognitive performance by mini-cog and 6CIT, depression by CES-D Scale, PA Level (PAL) and calorie intake were collected through questionnaires. AP (at-par) diet (amount consumed equivalent to the amount of energy required for 24 h) reduced cognitive function of the aged group compared to the young of the same calorie group without affecting their depression under similar conditions. CR diet improved cognition with a lowering of depression in the young subjects compared to aged of the same group. High PAL in comparison to low PAL irrespective of age and calorie intake positively modulated cognition and depression of the subjects. These results suggest that (a) young population with CR diet and aged population with AP diet are benefitted in both cognitive ability and depression (b) high PAL unlike low PAL improved both cognition and depression of both young and aged population irrespective of their calorie intake.

scholarly journals Using social networks to scale up and sustain community-based programmes to improve physical activity and diet in low-income and middle-income countries: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e053586
Author(s):  
Nina Abrahams ◽  
Estelle V Lambert ◽  
Frederick Marais ◽  
Zoi Toumpakari ◽  
Charlie Foster
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Review Protocol

IntroductionThe World Health Organisation endorses community-based programmes as a cost-effective, feasible and a ‘best buy’ in the prevention and management of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). These programmes are particularly successful when the community actively participates in its design, implementation and evaluation. However, they may be only useful insofar as they can be scaled up and sustained in some meaningful way. Social network research may serve as an important tool for determining the underlying mechanisms that contribute to this process. The aim of this planned scoping review is to map and collate literature on the role of social networks in scaling-up and sustaining community-based physical activity and diet programmes in low-income and middle-income countries.Methods and analysisThis scoping review protocol has been planned around the Arksey and O'Malley framework and its enhancement. Inclusion criteria are peer-reviewed articles and grey literature exploring the role of social networks in the scale-up and/or sustainability of NCD prevention community-based programmes in adult populations. Studies must have been published since 2000, in English, and be based in a low-income or middle-income country. The following databases will be used for this review: PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, SocIndex, the International Bibliography of the Social Sciences, Google and Google Scholar. Books, conference abstracts and research focused only on children will be excluded. Two reviewers will independently select and extract eligible studies. Included publications will be thematically analysed using the Framework Approach.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval will not be sought for this review as no individual-level data or human participants will be involved. This protocol is registered on the Open Science Framework (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/KG7TX). The findings from the review will be published in an accredited journal. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist will be used to support transparency and guide translation of the review.

Examining the Role of Income Inequality and Neighborhood Walkability on Obesity and Physical Activity among Low-Income Hispanic Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 854-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel D. Towne ◽  
Michael L. Lopez ◽  
Yajuan Li ◽  
Matthew Lee Smith ◽  
Judith L. Warren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Neighborhood Walkability ◽  
Hispanic Adults

Does being an Olympic city help improve recreational resources? Examining the quality of physical activity resources in a low-income neighborhood of Rio de Janeiro

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana R. de Sousa-Mast ◽  
Arianne C. Reis ◽  
Marcelo C. Vieira ◽  
Sandro Sperandei ◽  
Luilma A. Gurgel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Income Neighborhood ◽  
Recreational Resources

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Role of Leisure Time Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Simultaneously on the Income-Overweight/Obesity Relationship

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3127
Author(s):  
Layton Reesor-Oyer ◽  
Rosenda Murillo ◽  
Emily C. LaVoy ◽  
Daniel P. O’Connor ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
The United States

In the United States, overweight/obesity is more prevalent among those with low-income; higher income is related to greater leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and sedentary behavior (SB), which are inversely related to overweight/obesity. This study aimed to evaluate the role of LTPA and SB simultaneously in the income-overweight/obesity relationship. Cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007–2014) were utilized (n = 10,348 non-older adults (aged 20–59 years)). A multiple mediator structural equation model was conducted to evaluate the indirect effects from income to overweight/obesity (Body Mass Index ≥25 kg/m2) through LTPA and SB simultaneously, controlling for confounding variables, including diet, smoking, and alcohol consumption. As expected, greater income was negatively associated with overweight/obesity. Income indirectly influenced overweight/obesity through LTPA (Indirect effect: B = −0.005; CI = −0.01, −0.003), and through SB (Indirect effect: B = 0.008; CI = 0.005, 0.01), in opposing directions. The direct effect from income to overweight/obesity remained statistically significant. LTPA partially accounted for the negative relationship between income and overweight/obesity; SB reduced the strength of the negative relationship between income and overweight/obesity. Targeted behavior approaches for weight management may be beneficial. Increasing LTPA among adults with lower income and decreasing SB among adults with higher income may provide some overweight/obesity protection.

scholarly journals Park environment and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in parks among adolescents in a high-density city: the moderating role of neighbourhood income

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ru Zhang ◽  
Chun-Qing Zhang ◽  
Poh Chin Lai ◽  
Wei Cheng ◽  
Benjamin Schüz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Urban Parks ◽  
High Income ◽  
High Density ◽  
Environmental Characteristics ◽  
Moderating Role

Abstract Background Urban parks are critical environmental resources in which adolescents engage in physical activity (PA). Evidence on the associations between park environmental characteristics and park-based PA in adolescents is mixed, particularly for high-density cities. Evidence is also lacking concerning the moderating role of neighbourhood socioeconomic status on the park-PA relationships. The current study aimed to examine the associations between park environmental characteristics and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in parks among adolescents in Hong Kong and the moderating effect of neighbourhood income on these associations. Methods A cross-sectional study involving direct observations of adolescents was conducted in 32 randomly selected urban parks in Hong Kong. Park environmental characteristics were measured using the Community Park Audit Tool. Park-based MVPA among adolescents was measured using the System for Observation Play and Recreation in Communities. Neighbourhood income was extracted from the 2011 Hong Kong Population Census data on median household income. Results There was a significant positive association between the quality of amenities and park-based MVPA (metabolic equivalents per observation) in adolescents. However, the associations between the diversity of active facilities, greenness and adolescents’ park-based MVPA were not significant. Neighbourhood income moderated the association between adolescents’ park-based MVPA and park safety, where the relationship between park safety and park-based MVPA was significantly positive in low-income neighbourhoods but not significant in high-income neighbourhoods. An income-by-environment interaction was also observed concerning park aesthetics, with a negative relationship between park aesthetics and park-based MVPA in high-income neighbourhoods but not in low-income neighbourhoods. Conclusion Our findings provide evidence regarding how park environment and neighbourhood income impact adolescents’ park-based MVPA in Hong Kong. These findings can inform urban planning and policymakers who seek to improve urban park development in high-density cities.

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