Examining the Role of Income Inequality and Neighborhood Walkability on Obesity and Physical Activity among Low-Income Hispanic Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 854-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel D. Towne ◽  
Michael L. Lopez ◽  
Yajuan Li ◽  
Matthew Lee Smith ◽  
Judith L. Warren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Neighborhood Walkability ◽  
Hispanic Adults

Neighborhood walkability and health outcomes among older adults: The mediating role of physical activity

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 16-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelle Van Cauwenberg ◽  
Veerle Van Holle ◽  
Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij ◽  
Delfien Van Dyck ◽  
Benedicte Deforche
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Neighborhood Walkability ◽  
Mediating Role

scholarly journals Neighborhood and Parental Influences on Diet and Physical Activity Behaviors in Young Low-Income Pediatric Patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (13) ◽  
pp. 1235-1243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nakiya N. Showell ◽  
Katie Washington Cole ◽  
Katherine Johnson ◽  
Lisa Ross DeCamp ◽  
Megan Bair-Merritt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Dynamic Relationship ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Racial Ethnic

This study explores the relationship between neighborhood characteristics and caregiver preferences for establishing diet and physical activity behaviors among low-income African American and Hispanic young children (2-5 years). Primary caregivers of young children were recruited from 2 urban pediatric clinics to participate in focus groups (n = 33). Thematic analysis of transcripts identified 3 themes: neighborhood constraints on desired behaviors, caregivers’ strategies in response to neighborhoods, and caregivers’ sense of agency in the face of neighborhood constraints. This study elucidates the dynamic relationship between neighborhoods and caregiver preferences, their interrelated impacts on establishment of diet and physical activity behaviors among young children, and the important role of caregiver agency in establishing behaviors among young children. To effectively address obesity disparities among young children, primary care behavioral interventions must leverage and support such resilient caregiver responses to neighborhood constraints in order to optimally address racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in obesity among young children.

Role of Physical Activity on Calorie-Induced Changes in Cognition and Depression of Young and Aged Humans

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aindrila Das ◽  
Samir K. Ghosh ◽  
Goutam Paul ◽  
Mrinal K. Poddar
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Normal Aging ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Young Population ◽  
Aged Population ◽  
Young Subjects ◽  
Induced Changes

Normal aging is known to encounter stress. Association of aging with declining cognition and elevated depression is a phenomenon which can be modulated by lifestyle. Caloric restriction down regulates normal aging by lowering stress and has been found to protect aging processes. The present study assessed the effect of Calorie Restriction (CR) and Physical Activity (PA) on aging-induced changes on cognition and depression. Healthy male aged (20-35 years; N=312) and (55-70 years; N=392) were considered from low income and middle education population. Data related to socioeconomic status, health status, cognitive performance by mini-cog and 6CIT, depression by CES-D Scale, PA Level (PAL) and calorie intake were collected through questionnaires. AP (at-par) diet (amount consumed equivalent to the amount of energy required for 24 h) reduced cognitive function of the aged group compared to the young of the same calorie group without affecting their depression under similar conditions. CR diet improved cognition with a lowering of depression in the young subjects compared to aged of the same group. High PAL in comparison to low PAL irrespective of age and calorie intake positively modulated cognition and depression of the subjects. These results suggest that (a) young population with CR diet and aged population with AP diet are benefitted in both cognitive ability and depression (b) high PAL unlike low PAL improved both cognition and depression of both young and aged population irrespective of their calorie intake.

Informing the Adaptation and Implementation of a Lifestyle Modification Program in Hispanics: A Qualitative Study Among Low-Income Hispanic Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 204-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francia G. Portacio ◽  
Pamela Botero ◽  
Sara M. St. George ◽  
Mark Stoutenberg
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Healthy Behaviors ◽  
Hispanic Adults

Low-income Hispanics are a hard to reach population that face unique challenges in achieving behavior change. Understanding such challenges can inform the adaptation of lifestyle behavioral interventions and increase participant engagement. This descriptive qualitative study aimed to (1) inform lifestyle modification programs focused on improving the physical activity and healthy eating of low-income Hispanic adults and (2) explore potential gender differences necessary for consideration. Five gender-specific focus groups were conducted with Hispanic adults from a free community clinic ( n = 45, 64% women, 53.1 ± 10.1 years). Sessions were audio-recorded, transcribed, and coded using a general inductive approach. The qualitative software program Dedoose was used to perform a content analysis. Emergent themes included topics of interest, methods of increasing engagement in healthy behaviors, and the delivery of lifestyle modification programs. Men expressed greater interest in physical activity, while women desired to learn about healthy eating. Men described the importance of physician communication, while women focused on the role of social support as facilitators for participating in such programs. Both genders described education as key to behavior change and viewed text messaging as a valuable complement. Results from this study can inform the adaptation of lifestyle modification programs and increase the engagement of low-income Hispanic populations.

Neighborhood Walkability and Walking Behavior: The Moderating Role of Action Orientation

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stijn A.H. Friederichs ◽  
Stef P.J. Kremers ◽  
Lilian Lechner ◽  
Nanne K. de Vries
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Neighborhood Environment ◽  
Personality Factor ◽  
Action Orientation ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Walking Behavior ◽  
Neighborhood Walkability ◽  
The Relationship

Background:In promoting physical activity, it is important to gain insight into environmental factors that facilitate or hinder physical activity and factors that may influence this environment–behavior relationship. As the personality factor of action orientation reflects an individual’s capacity to regulate behavior it may act as a moderator in the environment–behavior relationship. The current study addressed the relationship between neighborhood walkability and walking behavior and the influence of action orientation on this relationship.Methods:Three hundred and forty-seven Dutch inhabitants [mean age 43.1 (SD 17.1)] completed a web based questionnaire assessing demographic variables, neighborhood walkability (Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale), variables of the Theory of Planned Behavior, action orientation, and walking behavior.Results:The results show that high levels of neighborhood walkability are positively associated with walking behavior and that this influence is largely unmediated by cognitive processes. A positive influence of neighborhood walkability on walking behavior was identified in the action-oriented subpopulation, whereas in the state-oriented part of the population, this influence was absent.Conclusions:The findings suggest that the influence of neighborhood environment on walking behavior has a relatively large unconscious, automatic component. In addition, the results suggest that the walkability–walking relationship is moderated by action orientation.

scholarly journals Using social networks to scale up and sustain community-based programmes to improve physical activity and diet in low-income and middle-income countries: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e053586
Author(s):  
Nina Abrahams ◽  
Estelle V Lambert ◽  
Frederick Marais ◽  
Zoi Toumpakari ◽  
Charlie Foster
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Review Protocol

IntroductionThe World Health Organisation endorses community-based programmes as a cost-effective, feasible and a ‘best buy’ in the prevention and management of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). These programmes are particularly successful when the community actively participates in its design, implementation and evaluation. However, they may be only useful insofar as they can be scaled up and sustained in some meaningful way. Social network research may serve as an important tool for determining the underlying mechanisms that contribute to this process. The aim of this planned scoping review is to map and collate literature on the role of social networks in scaling-up and sustaining community-based physical activity and diet programmes in low-income and middle-income countries.Methods and analysisThis scoping review protocol has been planned around the Arksey and O'Malley framework and its enhancement. Inclusion criteria are peer-reviewed articles and grey literature exploring the role of social networks in the scale-up and/or sustainability of NCD prevention community-based programmes in adult populations. Studies must have been published since 2000, in English, and be based in a low-income or middle-income country. The following databases will be used for this review: PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, SocIndex, the International Bibliography of the Social Sciences, Google and Google Scholar. Books, conference abstracts and research focused only on children will be excluded. Two reviewers will independently select and extract eligible studies. Included publications will be thematically analysed using the Framework Approach.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval will not be sought for this review as no individual-level data or human participants will be involved. This protocol is registered on the Open Science Framework (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/KG7TX). The findings from the review will be published in an accredited journal. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist will be used to support transparency and guide translation of the review.

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