Modelling of the optimum harvest time for long-term storage of ‘Elstar’ and ‘Aroma’ (Malus domestica) apples at low oxygen concentration

By harvest time, small amounts of acetaldehyde were accumulated in the flesh of plums, such as 0.31 mg/l for the cv. Stanley and 1.03 mg/l for the cv. Valjevka. This relative difference in concentrations remained constant throughout the whole period of storage in a regular atmosphere. The long-term effects of higher concentrations of CO<sub>2</sub> are the same as for very low oxygen concentrations; and significant amounts of ethanol accumulate in the tissue. Out of a total number of 42 different odour compounds identified in the juice, there were 11 alcohols, 6 aldehydes, 17 esters, 2 terpenes, 3 organic acids, and 1 lactone. Very low oxygen atmospheres slow down the production of esters and aldehydes, but have little effect on the production of lactones and terpenes. It was shown that a very low oxygen concentration, without much CO<sub>2</sub> (Fluctuating anaerobiosis treatment), does not encourage the production of significant amounts of ethanol and acetaldehyde in the fruit flesh, but does significantly slow the biosynthesis of aromatic volatiles.

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Application of Dynamic Controlled Atmosphere Technologies to Reduce Incidence of Physiological Disorders and Maintain Quality of ‘Granny Smith’ Apples

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture11060491 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 491

Author(s):

Tatenda Gift Kawhena ◽

Olaniyi Amos Fawole ◽

Umezuruike Linus Opara

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Controlled Atmosphere ◽

Low Oxygen ◽

Oxygen Stress ◽

Superficial Scald ◽

Long Term Storage ◽

Term Storage

The efficacy of dynamic controlled atmosphere technologies; repeated low oxygen stress (RLOS) and dynamic controlled atmosphere-chlorophyll fluorescence (DCA-CF) to control superficial scald development on ‘Granny Smith’ apples during long-term storage was studied. Fruit were stored for 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 months at 0 °C in DCA-CF (0.6% O2 and 0.8% CO2), regular atmosphere (RA)(≈21% O2 and 90–95% RH), and RLOS treatments: (1) 0.5% O2 for 10 d followed by ultra-low oxygen (ULO) (0.9% O2 and 0.8% CO2) for 21 d and 0.5% O2 for 7 d or (2) 0.5% O2 for 10 d followed by controlled atmosphere (CA) (1.5% O2 and 1% CO2) for 21 d and 0.5% O2 for 7 d. Development of superficial scald was inhibited for up to 10 months and 7 d shelf life (20 °C) under RLOS + ULO and DCA-CF treatments. Apples stored in RLOS + ULO, RLOS + CA, and DCA-CF had significantly (p < 0.05) higher flesh firmness and total soluble solids. The RLOS phases applied with CA or ULO and DCA-CF storage reduced the development of superficial scald by possibly suppressing the oxidation of volatiles implicated in superficial scald development.

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Content of major phenolic compounds in apples: Benefits of ultra-low oxygen conditions in long-term storage

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis ◽

10.1016/j.jfca.2020.103587 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 92 ◽

pp. 103587

Author(s):

Aneta Bílková ◽

Kristýna Baďurová ◽

Pavlína Svobodová ◽

Radek Vávra ◽

Pavel Jakubec ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Low Oxygen ◽

Long Term Storage ◽

Oxygen Conditions ◽

Term Storage

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DELAYS IN REFRIGERATION AND CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERE (CA) STORAGE ALTER APPLE QUALITY

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.27.6.593c ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 593c-593

Author(s):

Laura J. Lehman ◽

George M. Greene

Keyword(s):

Soluble Solids ◽

Low Oxygen ◽

Maturity Level ◽

Excessive Weight Loss ◽

Long Term Storage ◽

Excessive Weight ◽

Solids Content ◽

Apple Quality ◽

Term Storage

A two year study of `Golden Delicious' and `York Imperial' apple responses to delayed cooling and CA storage imposition after harvest was completed in 1991. Apples from six to eight commercial orchards were harvested at an acceptable maturity level for long-term storage, subjected to a delay in refrigeration (0,3, or 6 days) followed by a delay in CA storage imposition (0,14, or 28 days), and then stored at 0°c, 2.4% oxygen, and 1.6% carbon dioxide for up to eight months. Fruit acidity, soluble solids content, bitter pit incidence, scald, internal breakdown, and the development of low oxygen injury were not influenced by the delays. Delays often resulted in more rot and excessive weight loss during storage. Delays in both cooling and CA storage imposition had an additive effect on fruit softening, such that the longest delays resulted in the softest fruit.

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Investigation of Grain Harvesting and Drying Strategies to Improve Energy Efficiency and Profitability

Volume 1: Biofuels, Hydrogen, Syngas, and Alternate Fuels; CHP and Hybrid Power and Energy Systems; Concentrating Solar Power; Energy Storage; Environmental, Economic, and Policy Considerations of Advanced Energy Systems; Geothermal, Ocean, and Emerging Energy Technologies; Photovoltaics; Posters; Solar Chemistry; Sustainable Building Energy Systems; Sustainable Infrastructure and Transportation; Thermodynamic Analysis of Energy Systems; Wind Energy Systems and Technologies ◽

10.1115/es2016-59531 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Evan R. Almberg ◽

Michael P. Twedt ◽

Stephen P. Gent

Keyword(s):

Energy Efficient ◽

Economic Factors ◽

Grain Production ◽

Harvest Time ◽

Improve Energy Efficiency ◽

Long Term Storage ◽

Drying Techniques ◽

Early Fall ◽

Term Storage

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of harvest time and drying techniques on the energy requirements and profitability of grain production, particularly corn (Zea mays). In most grain production scenarios, supplemental drying is required post-harvest to allow long-term storage of the crop. Traditional high-temperature, high airflow drying systems have been known to be an energy intensive and high cost process of grain production. However, advanced continuous flow drying systems have shown to be 30% or more energy efficient than systems produced in recent decades. In this study, harvesting times (early fall, mid-fall, late fall) were compared to quantify the effects of field losses as the fall progresses with the potentially reduced drying requirement as the crop undergoes natural drying in the field. A model was developed to investigate the energy and economics of drying, based on harvest period, dryer efficiency, field drydown, and field losses. A sensitivity analysis was completed that focused on the energy consumption of artificial drying based upon harvesting conditions, as well as economic factors of field drying and fuel cost. Preliminary results of the study have shown that the use of higher efficiency drying systems combined with moderately prompt harvest times generally provide the most profitable scenario, while delayed harvest times increase the likelihood of field loss, which are not typically offset by the reduced drying requirements.

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Effect of long-term culture of mouse embryonic stem cells under low oxygen concentration as well as on glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan on cell proliferation and differentiation

Cell Proliferation ◽

10.1111/j.1365-2184.2010.00732.x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 75-85 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

M. Á. Ramírez ◽

E. Pericuesta ◽

M. Yáñez-Mó ◽

A. Palasz ◽

A. Gutiérrez-Adán

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Cell Proliferation ◽

Embryonic Stem Cells ◽

Oxygen Concentration ◽

Embryonic Stem ◽

Low Oxygen ◽

Cell Proliferation And Differentiation ◽

Proliferation And Differentiation ◽

Low Oxygen Concentration

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Modelling of Moisture Movement in Wood during Outdoor Storage

Nonlinear Analysis Modelling and Control ◽

10.15388/na.2001.6.1.15210 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 3-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

R. Baronas ◽

F. Ivanauskas ◽

I. Juodeikienė ◽

A. Kajalavičius

Keyword(s):

Experimental Data ◽

Finite Difference ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Two Dimensional ◽

Moisture Movement ◽

Finite Difference Technique ◽

Long Term Storage ◽

Space Formulation ◽

Term Storage

A model of moisture movement in wood is presented in this paper in a two-dimensional-in-space formulation. The finite-difference technique has been used in order to obtain the solution of the problem. The model was applied to predict the moisture content in sawn boards from pine during long term storage under outdoor climatic conditions. The satisfactory agreement between the numerical solution and experimental data was obtained.

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