High-speed rail, urban form, and regional innovation: a time-varying difference-in-differences approach

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Hengyun Tang ◽  
Jianqing Zhang ◽  
Fei Fan ◽  
Zhengwen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
High Speed Rail

scholarly journals Understanding the urbanization impacts of high-speed rail in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-34
Author(s):  
Anthony Perl ◽  
Taotao Deng ◽  
Leandro Correa ◽  
Dandan Wang ◽  
Yulin Yan
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
National Network ◽  
Rail Network ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
And Function

Advances in transport technology have been shown to play a vital role in urban development over millennia. From the engineering and pavement innovations of the Roman road network to the aerospace breakthroughs that enabled jet aircraft, cities have been reshaped by the mobility changes resulting from new designs for moving people and goods. This article explores the urbanization impacts of High-Speed Rail’s introduction in China, which has built the world’s largest High-Speed Rail network in record time. Since High-Speed Rail was launched in Japan in 1964, this technology has worked to reshape intercity travel as a revolutionary transportation alternative. High-Speed Rail has developed steadily across Japan, France, Germany, Italy, Switzerland during the 1970s and 1980s. It expanded to Russia, Spain, the United Kingdom, and Sweden in the 1990s. In the 21st century, China began developing High-Speed Rail on an unprecedented scale, and now has a national network that is longer than the totality of the rest of the world’s High-Speed Rail operations combined. China’s High-Speed Rail operation is exerting a transformative influence on urban form and function. This article synthesizes secondary research results to analyse the impacts of HSR on urbanization. These effects include population redistribution, urban spatial expansion and industrial development. We offer a typol-ogy that considers the urban effects of High-Speed Rail at three spatial levels: the station area, the urban jurisdiction, and the regional agglomeration. When organized through our typology, research findings demonstrate that High-Speed Rail influences urban population size, urban spatial layout and industrial development by changing the acces-sibility of cities. We highlight the processes by which High-Speed Rail ultimately affects the urbanization process for people, land use, and industrial development. However, High-Speed Rail’s impacts on urbanization are not always positive. While leveraging the development opportunity enabled by High-Speed Rail, governments around the world should also avoid potential negative impacts by drawing lessons from the experience of High-Speed Rail’s rapid de-ployment in China.

Regional and Local Economic Effects from Proximity of High-Speed Rail Stations in Japan: Difference-in-Differences and Propensity Score Matching Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (9) ◽  
pp. 323-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jetpan Wetwitoo ◽  
Hironori Kato
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Average Treatment Effect ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Local Production ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Level Analysis

This paper gives empirical evidence about the economic effects of the proximity of high-speed rail (HSR) on regional/local production and labor productivity in Japan. The effects on regional and local scales are analyzed based on a Difference-in-Differences (DID) method and a Propensity Score Matching (PSM) method. The prefecture-level analysis investigates the effect on regional production at the prefecture level from 1981 to 2006 and the municipality-level analysis investigates the effect on the local tax revenue and the tax revenue per capita at the municipality level, particularly focusing on new HSR extensions between 2010 and 2015. The results from both levels showed statistically insignificant estimations of both the DID effect and the Average Treatment effect on the Treated from PSM, which implies that, on average, there is no direct effect from the proximity to HSR services on regional or local production or productivity. One of the potential reasons, the range of the distance from the HSR services at which the impact on the local economy is felt, is discussed. Further analysis showed that the range at which HSR services have an impact on local tax revenue per payer could vary from 10 to 30 km, depending on local characteristics in the location of the HSR station.

CREATING LIVABLE INFRASTRUCTURE: THE CONNECTOAKLAND VISION TO RECONNECT NEIGHBORHOODS AND CONNECT CITIES THROUGH FREEWAY REMOVAL

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Andrew Faulkner ◽  
Jonathan Fearn ◽  
Chris Sensenig ◽  
Brian Stokle
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
Transportation Corridor ◽  
The Us

INTRODUCTION Throughout the second half of the 20th Century, our nation's cities were marred by the onslaught of unsustainable suburbanization and the expansion of limited access highways that ripped through urban centers and divided communities within them. Paired with systematic disinvestment from redlining and white flight, these forces combined to create lasting physical, social and economic hardships in cities across the US. Over the last 20 years, cities have rebounded in America and new patterns of thought focused on livability, walkability and urban form have started to sprout: from the Big-Dig in Boston to Octavia Boulevard and the Embarcadero in San Francisco, cities are reassessing the value of highways that solely move automobiles through cities, and have started to focus on how these pieces of infrastructure impact the daily lives and economic interests of a their residents and visitors. In Oakland, California, through the efforts of ConnectOAKLAND, the city is taking up the mantle of this new pattern of thought and is beginning the planning process to reconnect West Oakland to Downtown by transforming an underutilized freeway (I-980) into a multi-modal transportation corridor that reestablishes the historic urban grid. The project's dual benefit will reconnect two of Oakland's historic neighborhoods while better connecting Oakland along with the entire East Bay to San Francisco, San Jose and Silicon Valley through the incorporation of a second transbay tunnel for Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART), commuter rail (Caltrain), and high speed rail (HSR). This article will explore the ConnectOAKLAND vision for I-980 as a case study for current and future patterns of highway removal, and as a part of the national movement to rethink the role of urban highways and holistically re-envision the US transportation infrastructure.

scholarly journals Does High-Speed Rail Opening Affect the Health Care Environment?–Evidence From China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cai-Xia Song ◽  
Cui-Xia Qiao ◽  
Jing Luo
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Health Care Environment ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Care Environment ◽  
Healthcare Environment ◽  
Different Levels

Using the panel data of 280 prefecture-level cities in China from 2004 to 2014, this paper examines the effects of high-speed rail opening on health care environment based on Difference-in-Differences method (DID). Through an empirical analysis, the results proved that high-speed rail opening can significantly promote the health care environment and this effect is different in regions with different levels of economic development. Finally, we tested the mechanisms of how the high-speed rail opening affects the healthcare environment. High-speed rail opening improves the healthcare environment by increasing road accessibility and promoting economic development. Our results support the view that high-speed rail opening has an important contribution to the improvement of health care conditions.

scholarly journals Booming with Speed: High-Speed Rail and Regional Green Innovation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Zixuan Zhu ◽  
Xiaoyan Lin ◽  
Hao Yang
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Capital Mobility ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Labor Mobility ◽  
Green Innovation ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Sustainable Economy ◽  
The Relationship

Exploiting China’s high-speed rail (HSR) as a quasi-natural experiment, we examine the relationship between the HSR connection and green innovation. The opening of HSR can promote green innovation by facilitating the flow of innovation factors. Using the multiperiod difference-in-differences (DID) model, we find that the regional green innovation performance significantly becomes better following the opening of HSR in the local city. Moreover, in examining the specific mechanisms at work, we find evidence that HSR stimulates green patents through increased labor mobility and research capital mobility. Further analyses show that the facilitating effect of HSR is heterogeneous among cities. Our paper sheds new light on the effects of HSR on social welfare in the case of sustainable economy.

Stability of a Flexible Wheelset for High Speed Rail Vehicles With Constant and Varying Parameters

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (4) ◽  
pp. 997-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lieh ◽  
J. Yin
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
State Transition ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Vehicle Dynamic ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Rail Vehicles ◽  
Flexible Wheelset ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Time Varying Models ◽  
Stability Concept

The stability of an elastic wheelset coupled with torsional spring and damper is studied in this paper. With flexible elements between two wheels, the advantages of both rigid and independently rotating wheel systems may be obtained. Previous investigations indicated that axle flexibility will affect the vehicle dynamic behavior and an optimal design may improve the system performance. Those studies were limited to constant wheel/rail geometry as the wheelset rolls along the track. In this paper, it is intended to determine the critical speed regions for both constant and time-varying models. The variation in conicity is assumed to be periodic thus the Floquet stability concept may be employed. The computation of the state-transition matrix is based on a Runge-Kutta algorithm.

scholarly journals Estimation of Time-Varying Passenger Demand for High Speed Rail System

Complexity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Tangjian Wei ◽  
Feng Shi ◽  
Guangming Xu
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Case Analysis ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Passenger Demand ◽  
The Times ◽  
Railway Operation ◽  
Varying Demand ◽  
Estimation Of Time

Passenger demand plays an important role in railway operation and organization, and this paper aims to estimate passenger time-varying demand by simulating the ticket-booking process for High Speed Rail (HSR) system. The ticket-booking process of each OD pair can be partition into discrete booking phases by the times when the tickets of any itinerary had sold out. The ticket booking volume of each itinerary is reversely assigned to its corresponding expected departure intervals to obtain the time-varying demand in each booking phase using the rooftop model, and the total time-varying demand are estimated by summing the time-varying demand distributions in all booking phases. Only with the data about the itinerary flow, the precedence relationship is introduced to constrain the ticket sold-out order of all itineraries for each OD pair. Based on the precedence relationships of itineraries, two typical situations are proposed, in which the Single Booking Phase Reverse Assignment (SBPRA) algorithm and the Multiple Booking Phases Reverse Assignment (MBPRA) algorithm are proposed to estimate the time-varying demand respectively. Case analysis on OD pair Beijing-Shanghai are presented, and the validity analysis demonstrates that the error rates of SBPRA algorithm and MBPRA algorithm are 8.64% and 6.37%, respectively.

High-speed rail, inter-regional accessibility, and regional innovation: Evidence from Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 167 ◽  
pp. 120697
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Komikado ◽  
So Morikawa ◽  
Ayushman Bhatt ◽  
Hironori Kato
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
High Speed Rail

scholarly journals High-speed railway and regional economic growth: a case of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-104
Author(s):  
Yonghong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
High Speed Railway ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Development Course

Abstract The development course of high-speed railway indicates that it not only changes the composition of traffic modes when competing with other modes of transportation, but also plays an important role in spurring the economic growth of the cities along the line and the evolution of regional spatial structure. Taking Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway as an example, this paper constructs the first-level panel data of the cities along the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway and its surrounding cities from 2007 to 2016, and uses the difference-in-differences estimation to study the impact of high-speed rail opening on economic development. The research results show that it has significantly jump-started the economy of cities along the line. The Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway will become a crucial axis for regional economic development along the Beijing-Shanghai railway, as it has remarkably advanced the economic development of the cities along the route.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document