Formative research to optimize respondent-driven sampling surveys among hard-to-reach populations in HIV behavioral and biological surveillance: lessons learned from four case studies

Background. Wearable physical activity (PA) trackers are becoming increasingly popular for intervention and assessment in health promotion research and practice. The purpose of this article is to present lessons learned from four studies that used commercial PA tracking devices for PA intervention or assessment, present issues encountered with their use, and provide guidelines for determining which tools to use. Method. Four case studies are presented that used PA tracking devices (iBitz, Zamzee, FitBit Flex and Zip, Omron Digital Pedometer, Sensewear Armband, and MisFit Flash) in the field—two used the tools for intervention and two used the tools as assessment methods. Results. The four studies presented had varying levels of success with using PA devices and experienced several issues that impacted their studies, such as companies that went out of business, missing data, and lost devices. Percentage ranges for devices that were lost were 0% to 29% and was 0% to 87% for those devices that malfunctioned or lost data. Conclusions. There is a need for low-cost, easy-to-use, accurate PA tracking devices to use as both intervention and assessment tools in health promotion research related to PA.

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Intervening alcohol marketing to reduce harmful alcohol use and lessons learned from the theory of changes: case studies in Thailand

Public Health in Practice ◽

10.1016/j.puhip.2021.100116 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 100116

Author(s):

Paibul Suriyawongpaisal ◽

Sawitri Assanangkornchai ◽

Udomsak Saengow ◽

Ignacio J. Martinez Moyano ◽

Roengrudee Patanavanich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Use ◽

Case Studies ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

Harmful Alcohol ◽

Alcohol Marketing

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Using Formative Research to Inform a BCC Strategy to Increase Food Security and Dietary Diversity in Low-Income Rural Communities

International Journal of Nutritional Sciences ◽

10.26420/intjnutrsci.2021.1055 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Turk T ◽

◽

Safdar NF ◽

Hashmi S ◽

Shah N ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Nutrition Education ◽

Low Income ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Dietary Diversity ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Formative Research ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Kitchen Gardens

Background: Adequate nutrition is a public health priority, particularly in low-income rural areas where there is a high prevalence of malnutrition and stunting. Baluchistan is an arid desert and mountainous province with the worst health indicators in Pakistan. The objective of this research study was to identify current knowledge, attitudes and practices of vulnerable women with young children residing in remote areas of Baluchistan and assess their information needs to guide the development of a BCC nutrition strategy materials and activities. Methods: This study design incorporated formative research via eight focus group discussions with demand and supply-side program beneficiaries (n=124) to assess current nutrition knowledge, attitudes and beliefs toward kitchen gardens and proposed nutrition resources. Semi-structured interviews (n=16) were also conducted to provide program intelligence from key informants. A literature review supported the development of discussion agenda based on predominant behavioral theories. Data analysis was conducted with in vivo qualitative software coupled with grounded theory with qualitative findings triangulated. Results: The study identified important factors for the development of BCC resources and activities. Opportunities included effective nutrition education, improved income and livelihoods from kitchen gardens, women’s empowerment and gender equality. Challenges included traditional cultural practices, entrenched food preparation behaviour, environmental and infrastructural constraints. Conclusions: Lessons learned highlight the benefits of integrating formative research methods with a comprehensive literature review and behavioural theories for the development of BCC resources for nutrition programs in insecure and resource-constrained settings.

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Large Transportation Project: Lessons Learned from Italian Case Studies

Megaproject Management - SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-39354-0_6 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 71-82

Author(s):

Roberto Maja

Keyword(s):

Case Studies ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

Italian Case

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Formative Assessment of ARM-U: A Modular Intervention for Decreasing Risk Behaviors Among HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative Methamphetamine-Using MSM

The Open AIDS Journal ◽

10.2174/1874613601004030105 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 105-115 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Richard S Garfein ◽

Mitcheal Metzner ◽

Jazmine Cuevas ◽

Chad A Bousman ◽

Thomas Patterson

Keyword(s):

Focus Groups ◽

Risk Behaviors ◽

Hiv Transmission ◽

Anal Intercourse ◽

Formative Research ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

Transmission Risk ◽

Individual Risk ◽

Satisfaction Survey ◽

Methamphetamine Use

Background: Methamphetamine is a major contributor to HIV transmission among men who have sex with men (MSM). Recent studies show that up to one-third of methamphetamine-using MSM (MUMSM) inject the drug. We developed a behavioral intervention for MUMSM to decrease unprotected anal intercourse and increase awareness of parenteral HIV transmission risk. This 6-session (3 in-person, 3 by telephone) modular intervention was designed to be tailored to participants’ HIV (+/-) and injection drug user ([IDU] yes/no) status. We present results of formative research used to evaluate the content and to assess feasibility and acceptability of this individual-level HIV risk-reduction intervention. Setting: HIV research clinic in a high MSM and methamphetamine prevalence neighborhood. Project: Avoiding Risks from Methamphetamine-Use (ARM-U) is a brief toolbox intervention that allows counselors to select modules that suit a client’s individual risk profile and intervention needs employing motivational interviewing and cognitive behavioral theory. We evaluated the format and content of the intervention through focus groups and pre-testing of the entire intervention using volunteers from the target population stratified into four groups (HIV+/IDU, HIV-/IDU, HIV+/non-IDU, HIV-/non-IDU). Four individuals in each stratum were recruited to undergo the intervention and complete a satisfaction survey at the end of each in-person session. Results: In total, 25 MUMSM attended one of five focus groups. Participants thought all proposed intervention topics were important and could aid in reducing sexual risk behaviors among MUMSM. However, the neurocognitive effects of methamphetamine were reported to be a barrier to practicing safer sex, condom use negotiation or HIV status disclosure. Fifteen (94%) of 16 participants completed all 6 sessions and the satisfaction survey. On average, participants felt the intervention was useful for MUMSM, made them contemplate and move toward behavior change, and would recommend the program to their peers. Lessons Learned: Based on our formative research, we revised the ARM-U intervention to emphasize pre-planning to avoid combining methamphetamine use and sex or develop strategies to avoid sex risk following methamphetamine use. We also increased emphasis on referrals for care and other requested services. Future efficacy trials are needed to evaluate the intervention’s ability to reduce HIV-associated risk behaviors.

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Readers' Advisory: In the Readers’ Own Words: How User Content in the Catalog Can Enhance Readers’ Advisory Services

Reference & User Services Quarterly ◽

10.5860/rusq.56n2.91 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 56 (2) ◽

pp. 91 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Louise F. Spiteri ◽

Jen Pecoskie

Keyword(s):

Case Studies ◽

Broad Spectrum ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

User Generated Content ◽

Access Points ◽

Advisory Services ◽

Subject Headings ◽

The Many ◽

Two Stages ◽

User Content

It’s always challenging and exciting to find topics for the readers’ advisory column, and professionals willing to write for them! I’ve been so thankful to the many professionals who have so generously given their time and shared their expertise for this column. From lessons learned, case studies and differing opinions on RA and its future, it is amazing how various and rich this area of librarianship is—and how rewarding and frustrating! In an effort to continue to provide a broad spectrum of thoughts and ideas, I asked Dr. Louise Spiteri of Dalhousie University to write for this issue. Spiteri recently completed two stages of research examining subject headings and user-generated content and how these connect with RA access points. Jen Pecoskie was Spiteri’s research partner in both studies.—Editor

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Integrating daylighting and lighting in practice: Lessons learned from international case studies

10.18777/ieashc-task61-2021-0007 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sergio ALTOMONTE ◽

Flávia BUKZEM ◽

Rafael CAMPAMÀ PIZARRO ◽

Donatienne CARMON ◽

Giovanni CIAMPI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Studies ◽

Energy Use ◽

Real Life ◽

Field Measurements ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

Visual Performance

This report presents lessons learned from twenty-five worldwide real-life case studies implementing the integration of daylighting and electric lighting. The case studies were monitored with respect to energy use for lighting, visual performance, non-visual performance, and users’ satisfaction. The monitoring is largely based on field measurements, but it is also complemented with simulations and calculations where needed.

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Developing Web-based Education Resources: Lessons Learned From Three Experiences

Education Libraries ◽

10.26443/el.v25i2.174 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 13

Author(s):

Jo Ann Carr

Keyword(s):

Case Studies ◽

Web Site ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

The Internet ◽

Technological Changes ◽

Web Based ◽

Education Resources ◽

Annotated List ◽

Web Based Education

This article reviews the development of three Web-based education resources and the potential for each of these resources to meet the needs of users for a 'killer app'. Three case studies (the Annotated List of Education Journals, the IDEAS Portal Web Site and the Eisenhower National Clearinghouse Web Site)review the purpose, audience, content, funding, publicity and structure of the sites. Differences in staffing, funding and the centrality of these sites to the mission of their sponsoring institutions impacted the growth of these sites. Technological changes and the diffuse nature of the Internet also impacted the development of these resources.

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