Structural variations of classroom interaction: implications for the education system

Author(s):  
Claudio Baraldi
Author(s):  
Ugyen Choeda ◽  
Tshering Chophel

This research is basically focused on how to improve classroom interaction in Bhutanese classroom. Classroom Interaction is a practice that enhances the development of the two very important language skills which are speaking and listening among the learners. This device helps the learners to be competent enough to think critically and share their views among their peers. It is based on the notion that classroom interaction plays vital role in enhancing effective teaching and learning, improve academic performance, moreover to make learning atmosphere lively. Constructive teaching method, use of technology in the classroom, assessment and evaluation are some of the methods used to see the findings of the study.  There was a time when the traditional approach of teaching was adopted by most of the teachers, where the learner used to be dependent only on the lecture delivered by the teacher. They were not exposed to enough practice of speaking on their own and hence the interaction among the students in the classroom was almost absent. But as the education system changed with time so have the teaching methods. The education system now demands more student interaction rather than just listening to the instructor. Hence Classroom Interaction is very essential in today’s education system. There have been some researches done in the context of Bhutan. Nevertheless, on order to contextualize the discussion to the Bhutanese audience, the author has reviewed a few research studies done in the context of particular school. Classroom Interaction is a practice that enhances the development of the two very important language skills which are speaking and listening among the learners. This device helps the learners to be competent enough to think critically and share their views among their peers. Interaction is needed in the classroom activity. It helps the teaching and learning process run smoothly and it can increase learners' communication. It tells how the students have interaction among them and teacher even with the whole class. This study aims to give the teacher some suggestions to achieve classroom interaction in the teaching and learning process. It offers some strategies to improve the interaction in the classroom. Several studies show that classroom interaction is important in the teaching-learning process. Some studies show that the students' interaction happens in the classroom. By using classroom interaction, the students are more active in the learning process. The result of the study concludes that classroom interaction has an important role in the teaching and learning process. The purpose of this study is how to improve the quality of interactive classroom learning for the student’s academic achievement and learning outcomes. The teachers play an important role in imparting a student’s learning and creating quality classroom interaction. An interactive classroom learning environment is considered as one of the effective methods of learning which help the students learning process. Teachers’ main role is to design and plan his/her lesson in such way that students love sharing their learning with other because all learning development takes place in classrooms. As a teacher, we must carefully examine all the factors in mind which will help to enhance the students learning outcome. A warm and homely classroom environment improves academic performance, learning outcome, and a sense of pride and belonging of the students and as well the teachers.  “A good teacher is like a candle, it consumes itself to light the way for others”. Mustafa Kamal Ataturk. A Teacher plays a very important role and depending upon the teacher for student learning and academic achievement. As a teacher, teaching and learning is an important process, good teaching methods, strategic, Active involvement in learning, Interaction techniques, and a conducive environment will help students to learn things more rapidly. There was a time when the traditional approach of teaching was adopted by most of the teachers, where the learner used to be dependent only on the lecture delivered by the teacher. They were not exposed to enough practice of speaking on their own and hence the interaction among the students in the classroom was almost absent. But as the education system changed with time so have the teaching methods. The education system now demands more student interaction rather than just listening to the instructor. Hence Classroom Interaction is very essential in today’s education system. This study was carried out with class VI students and teachers of Balam/Ngatshang primary schools under the Mongar district. The research is design for a qualitative research approach. Participants will consist of 10 students and 6 teachers. Qualitative data will be collected through semi-structured interviews, observations, and descriptive. The interviews will be video record and transcribe. Data collected will be analyzed and present in descriptive form. 


Author(s):  
Odell T. Minick ◽  
Hidejiro Yokoo

Mitochondrial alterations were studied in 25 liver biopsies from patients with alcoholic liver disease. Of special interest were the morphologic resemblance of certain fine structural variations in mitochondria and crystalloid inclusions. Four types of alterations within mitochondria were found that seemed to relate to cytoplasmic crystalloids.Type 1 alteration consisted of localized groups of cristae, usually oriented in the long direction of the organelle (Fig. 1A). In this plane they appeared serrated at the periphery with blind endings in the matrix. Other sections revealed a system of equally-spaced diagonal lines lengthwise in the mitochondrion with cristae protruding from both ends (Fig. 1B). Profiles of this inclusion were not unlike tangential cuts of a crystalloid structure frequently seen in enlarged mitochondria described below.


ALQALAM ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Badrudin Badrudin

The Principles of Islam requirehuman to maintain  and improve their moral values BuT in fact, many  Moslems  face problems of moral deteriora tion, crisis of beliefs, and moral decadence that happenin all aspects of life. This moral deterioration is often associated by  the  experts  of  education  with the failure of educat ion. The failure of education relates to the education system that has various components that affect each other. The elements needed in the education system are the goal of education , educators, students, tool s,  and  natural  surroundings. The results of this study indicate that the essence of  spiritual  learning obligations according to Syaikh 'Abd al-Qadir al-Jilaniy is araising the total of  truth towards  Allah SWT's path.  The aims of the learning areto implement knowledge and clean  the heart (tazkiyyah al-nafs) from worldly characters and the lust of dirtiness to ma'rifatullah. Spiritual educators are  those who  practice  the law of Allah, clean the heart and  guide  students to the  safety of life  in the Hereafter . Learners constantly face Allah and obey Him, do not meet the call besides Allah, listen  to  the  call  of  Allah  and implement everything stated in the Qur ·an  and  the  Prophet tradition. Teaching method used is the method of mau'izhah, sima',  ahwal ,   and   muhasabah  fial-nafs (introspection). Educational materials are  based  on  the  basics  of  spiritual education in the Qur'an, the Prothet tradition. and the opinion of Muslim religious leaders who have noble characters and integrate science.  Moral education  is  the core of Islamic education. The implications of the spiritual educational thought of Syaikh 'Abd al-Qadir al-Jilaniy toward the reality of Islamic education in Indonesia is the emphasis of moral education that leads to a balance relationship  between  the  exoteric  and esoteric aspects of the learning process.


2019 ◽  
pp. 54-67
Author(s):  
Toby Long

This paper discusses the evolution of the early childhood education system from excluding children with disabilities to fully including them in a manner emphasizing full participation.  Evidence indicates meaningful participation in everyday activities is necessary for development to occur. The essential elements needed to bring about participation will be presented as well as specific evidence-based strategies used to promote inclusion and participation.


2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-217
Author(s):  
Karijn G. Nijhoff

This paper explores the relationship between education and labour market positioning in The Hague, a Dutch city with a unique labour market. One of the main minority groups, Turkish-Dutch, is the focus in this qualitative study on higher educated minorities and their labour market success. Interviews reveal that the obstacles the respondents face are linked to discrimination and network limitation. The respondents perceive “personal characteristics” as the most important tool to overcoming the obstacles. Education does not only increase their professional skills, but also widens their networks. The Dutch education system facilitates the chances of minorities in higher education through the “layering” of degrees. 


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