PRIMARY EDUCATION IN TABRIZ CITY DURING THE GAJARS PERIOD

Education was of religious character with schools and madrasahs in Tabriz, as in all Muslim cities during the Middle Ages and was based on the methodology of religious tenets. This type of education system dates back to the early years of Islam and was yet ongoing during its research period. Schools provided primary spiritual education, whereas madrasahs provided high religious education. The first madrasah in Iran was established in Tabriz. Literacy was taught and basic rules and regulations were applied at schools. They operated mainly within the mosques and the classes were held in zaviya (madrasah) and cell. The mosques performed numerous functions. They were not only places of worship (practicing namaz, listening to preaching, etc.), but also the place where Sharia laws are studied and propagated; holy war and peace declared; spoils of war are distributed; letters sent to the authorities; funerals held and where the other work was done.

PERKEMBANGAN PENDIDIKAN IMAN ROHANI BAGI ANAK DALAM KELUARGA DAN SEKOLAH DALAM MENERAPKAN POLA KARAKTER KRISTIANI

Spiritual education for children is very important but not only education from parents but also from people around us such as friends or friends especially education from school. In the application of the pattern of Christian character, we must first have ethics, etiquette and morals so that in the application of Christian character it can be carried out with spiritual education.

International experience of spiritual education of convicted persons

The article is devoted to the analysis of the international experience of spiritual education of convicts. It is concluded that in most developed countries of the world there is a chaplaincy service in every correctional institution, where chaplains perform both liturgical and non-liturgical (social) functions. The purpose of the article is to analyze the features of spiritual education of convicts in developed countries. Methodology. The article has the comparative analysis. Results. The administration of correctional institutions of the studied countries of the world promotes the right of convicts to religious activity. Spiritual and educational work with them is carried out by prison chaplains of various Churches. They not only worship, but also participate in social programs. Representatives of their religious denominations are invited for convicts of different religions. In most countries, prison chaplains perform both liturgical and non-liturgical (social) functions. Practical implication. International experience of convicts’ spiritual education can be used to create a national chaplain service in Ukraine. Value (originality). Manifested in the analysis of the experience of convicts’ spiritual education in 41 developed countries. Key words: spiritual education, convicts, international experience, prison chaplains, religious organizations. Key words: spiritual education, convicts, international experience, prison chaplains, religious organizations.

Problems of development of the Russian spiritual education system in 1839–1866

The article analyzes the system of spiritual education in Russian theological educational institutions. It is shown that the Spiritual and Educational Directorate, created during the reign of Nicholas I, made significant changes in the curricula of theological schools. The author revealed contradictory results in the field of spiritual education following the results of these transformations. The work used legislative acts, archival and documentary materials.

Synergizing Folklore and Urban Values for Sustainable Liveability

The synergy between rural and urban values is depicted as the source for local and global sustainability. This paper asserts that the folklore tradition of the rural people of Bangladesh promotes sustainability through their respect for nature, spiritual education and the common future of generations. Such values are embedded in the country’s economy, schools, media and other institutions where these messages are taught, articulated and promoted. The positive spiritual dispositions of rural people in Bangladesh towards natural calamities allow them to interpret such events as nature's tools for managing sustainable liveability. Bangladeshi rural communities also enjoy self-reliant living without destroying the country's base of natural resources in contrast to the city dwellers. Thus, the paper aims to establish that the implements for achieving global sustainability could be embedded in “rural modernization” – a way of blending rural values and folklore in city life.

SPIRITUAL VALUES IN THE WORKS OF SAIF SARAI

The article analyzes the artistic and cognitive significance of Saif Sarai's work «Gulistan bi-Turki». It is assumed that the work is accompanied by customs closely related to the life of humanity. The literary heritage of Saif Sarai, written during the Golden Horde, emphasizes the importance of customs not only of the Turkic peoples, but also of other common peoples in human life. The article states that the work of Saif Sarai serves as a means of continuing spiritual education, which is passed down from generation to generation. The author's work «Gulistan bi-Turki» is very important for spiritual education of young people in terms of cultural value. It deals with the spiritual culture of a person, the perception of the soul through his mind, responsibility, and factors that influence the formation of a person's behavior. Therefore, if a person consisting of these feelings – his life and its course-is a set of spiritual phenomena, it will certainly continue yesterday, today, and tomorrow. The article differentiates that each representative of the world's nation perceives the world civilization through its national code, worldview, and national consciousness formed in it, and seeks to develop it flexibly in accordance with the traditions and customs of its nation. Literary works common to Turkic-speaking peoples, including the presence of common sources in understanding the language of the Kazakh people, make Saif Sarai's works valuable. The article notes that the study of the existence of common sources in the study of ethnography of the Kazakh people in the works of Saif Sarayi is a topical problem today.

FEATURES OF ARTISTIC AND LINGUISTIC REPRESENTATION OF THE MAIN CULTURAL AND ARTISTIC CODES AND MOTIONAL LINES OF THE GOLDEN HORDE LITERATURE

The article emphasizes the importance of the need to preserve the national code of the Kazakh people indicated in the article of the first President of Kazakhstan "Orientation to the future: spiritual rebirth". In addition, the written monuments of the Golden Horde era tell about the traditions and customs that influence the revival of public consciousness, forming the cultural code of our people. And also, in the works of Nasiruddin Bakhanddin Rabguzi, the concept of worldview is explained from a religious point of view, nevertheless, it is accompanied by customs closely related to human life. Rabguzi's literary heritage, written during the time of the Golden Horde, emphasizes the importance of the customs of not only Turkic peoples, but also other peoples in human life. The article says that the work of Rabguzi serves as a tool for the continuation of spiritual education, passed on from generation to generation of the Turkic people. The work "Kisas-ul Anbiya" is a very important work in the spiritual education of young people from the point of view of cultural value. The factors influencing the formation of human behavior and the perception of the soul through spiritual culture, reason, responsibility in a person are considered. If a person consists of these feelings - his life and its course are a combination of spiritual phenomena, it will certainly continue yesterday, today and tomorrow. The article analyzes the fact that every nation of the world perceives world civilization through its national code, worldview, national consciousness and seeks to flexibly develop it in accordance with the traditions and customs of its nation. The works of Rabguzi are valued for the fact that there are common literary works common to the Turkic-speaking peoples, including the study of ethnography and understanding of the language of the Kazakh people. The article says that the study of the presence of common sources in the study of the ethnography of the Kazakh people in the work of Rabguzi is an urgent problem today.