Using various probiotic forms to boost sea cucumber (Holothuria scabra) performance and quality in Red Sea, Saudi Arabia

This paper concerns a probable shipwreck cargo of Aqaba amphorae, which was discovered during the second season of the survey project along the Saudi Arabian coast, initiated by nautical archaeologists of Philipps-University Marburg and conducted in cooperation with members of the Saudi Commission for Tourism and Heritage in autumn 2013. Seafaring and sea trade was, according to the few ancient sources and modern research activities, a hazardous endeavor in antiquity. Transport containers like the Aqaba Amphorae played a major role in sea trade, a significant number of which have been detected on various sites along the Red Sea coast and its hinterland. The chronological classification as well as the application is far from complete, and recent archaeometrical investigations help to clarify the logistical aspects of manufacturing and distribution of Aqaba amphorae. Finding a number of remains of Aqaba amphorae at a supposed shipwreck site close to Jeddah delivers new insight into the maritime routes and activities along the western coast of Saudi Arabia. The documentary material currently available is the baseline for further research in the field of maritime archaeology as it pertains to trade in the Red Sea.

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A Nabatean port on the Red Sea: note on the pottery finds from al-Qusayr (al-Wajh, Saudi Arabia)

10.31338/uw.2083-537x.pam29.1.23 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Caroline Durand

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

19Th Century ◽

Red Sea ◽

Point Of View ◽

The Other ◽

Trade Routes ◽

Other Hand ◽

Roman Egypt ◽

Pottery Sherds ◽

First Time

Al-Qusayr is located 40 km south of modern al-Wajh, roughly 7 km from the eastern Red Sea shore. This site is known since the mid-19th century, when the explorer R. Burton described it for the first time, in particular the remains of a monumental building so-called al-Qasr. In March 2016, a new survey of the site was undertaken by the al-‘Ula–al-Wajh Survey Project. This survey focused not only on al-Qasr but also on the surrounding site corresponding to the ancient settlement. A surface collection of pottery sherds revealed a striking combination of Mediterranean and Egyptian imports on one hand, and of Nabataean productions on the other hand. This material is particularly homogeneous on the chronological point of view, suggesting a rather limited occupation period for the site. Attesting contacts between Mediterranean merchants, Roman Egypt and the Nabataean kingdom, these new data allow a complete reassessment of the importance of this locality in the Red Sea trade routes during antiquity.

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PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON ULVA LACTUCA (L.) THURET FROM RED SEA COAST OF JEDDAH, SAUDI ARABIA

Egyptian Journal of Phycology ◽

10.21608/egyjs.2007.114562 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 185-194

Author(s):

Zeinab El Sewafy ◽

Naseem Radi

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Red Sea ◽

Ulva Lactuca ◽

Red Sea Coast ◽

Phytochemical Studies ◽

Sea Coast

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Annotated list to the flora of Farasan Archipelago, Southern Red Sea, Saudi Arabia

Taeckholmia ◽

10.21608/taec.2002.12388 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 1-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Ahmed Alfarhan ◽

Turki Al-Turki ◽

Jacob Thomas ◽

R. Basahy

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Red Sea ◽

Annotated List

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Lipids and Free Fatty Acids of Red Sea Avrainvillea amadelpha, Holothuria atra, and Sarcocornia fruticosa Inhibit Marine Bacterial Biofilms

Letters in Organic Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1570178616666191004104031 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (6) ◽

pp. 466-471

Author(s):

Usama W. Hawas ◽

Fekri Shaher ◽

Mohamed Ghandourah ◽

Lamia T. Abou El-Kassem ◽

Sathianeson Satheesh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Free Fatty Acids ◽

Red Sea ◽

Inhibitory Activity ◽

Sea Cucumber ◽

Bacterial Biofilms ◽

Antibiofilm Activity ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Holothuria Atra ◽

Sarcocornia Fruticosa

This study aimed at evaluating the antibiofilm activity of the Red Sea metabolites from green alga Avrainvillea amadelpha, sea cucumber Holothuria atra and costal plant Sarcocornia fruticosa against three biofilm bacterial strains isolated from Jeddah coast. Free fatty acids (FFAs) and other lipoidal matters were extracted from these organisms and analyzed by GC-MS. The composition of lipoidal fractions showed that A. amadelpha is rich by 74% saturated FAs, while sea cucumber H. atra revealed high content (60%) of unsaturated FAs. Palmitic acid is the major FA component in all species ranging from 14.5 to 26.7%. Phytol, sterols and hydrocarbons (C8-C29) were represented in the alga A. amadelpha as high contents with values 25.8, 21.9 and 18.5%, respectively. The extracts and lipoidal contents showed biofilm inhibitory activity against the isolated bacterial strains, where the unsaponified lipoidal fraction of S. fruticosa exhibited highest inhibitory activity against Planomicrobium sp. at concentration of 200 µg/mL.

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Holospiniferoside: A New Antitumor Cerebroside from The Red Sea Cucumber Holothuria spinifera: In Vitro and In Silico Studies

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26061555 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (6) ◽

pp. 1555

Author(s):

Enas E. Eltamany ◽

Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen ◽

Dina M. Hal ◽

Amany K. Ibrahim ◽

Hashim A. Hassanean ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Red Sea ◽

Active Site ◽

Sea Cucumber ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Spectrometric Analysis ◽

Chemical Structures ◽

In Silico Studies ◽

Red Sea Cucumber

Chemical investigation of the methanolic extract of the Red Sea cucumber Holothuria spinifera led to the isolation of a new cerebroside, holospiniferoside (1), together with thymidine (2), methyl-α-d-glucopyranoside (3), a new triacylglycerol (4), and cholesterol (5). Their chemical structures were established by NMR and mass spectrometric analysis, including gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). All the isolated compounds are reported in this species for the first time. Moreover, compound 1 exhibited promising in vitro antiproliferative effect on the human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) with IC50 of 20.6 µM compared to the IC50 of 15.3 µM for the drug cisplatin. To predict the possible mechanism underlying the cytotoxicity of compound 1, a docking study was performed to elucidate its binding interactions with the active site of the protein Mdm2–p53. Compound 1 displayed an apoptotic activity via strong interaction with the active site of the target protein. This study highlights the importance of marine natural products in the design of new anticancer agents.

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