Emergency preparedness and in-the-moment management procedures for severe episodes of challenging behavior

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Glen Dunlap ◽  
Abby Hodges ◽  
Phillip S. Strain ◽  
Jaclyn Joseph ◽  
Edward Bovey
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Challenging Behavior ◽  
Management Procedures ◽  
The Moment

Trout Populations and Habitats in New South Wales

1957 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 414 ◽  
Author(s):  
JS Lake
Keyword(s):  
Cold Water ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Bottom Fauna ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Management Procedures ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Creel Census

Surveys of most of the trout waters in New South Wales have been made. Relevant data of the trout areas are given in respect to geography, generalized topography, and climate. Chemical and physical conditions of the waters are tabulated. Growth rates of trout and quantitative data on the bottom fauna of some streams have been determined. It is shown that the biological, chemical, and physical characteristics of the trout habitats are related and interdependent to a marked and consistent degree. The waters are separated into three groups on the basis of trout growth. The data suggest that the majority of waters in New South Wales often provide conditions which are limiting for trout. Preliminary population and mortality studies have been made on small sections of nine rivers and on one small lake. The results of a creel census are given. The information from these sources confirms conclusions obtained from the habitat surveys. In addition evidence is presented indicating that certain management procedures should be modified. These include legal length, closed season, and stocking of streams. It is suggested that some of these modifications would have the additional benefit of reducing predation, and that hatchery-reared trout could be utilized on a much wider basis than at the moment for cold-water fish farming.

EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS OF GAMMA SPECTROMETRY LABORATORIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 186 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 332-336
Author(s):  
Michal Sloboda ◽  
Helena Malá ◽  
Petr Rulík ◽  
Věra Bečková
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Spectrometry ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Laboratory Capacity ◽  
Current State ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
Hpge Detectors ◽  
Type Of Exercise ◽  
The Moment

Abstract Currently, the territorial Radiation Monitoring Network (RMN) of the Czech Republic consists of seven laboratories equipped with gamma spectrometry High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detectors. From 2007 to 2018, five emergency exercises were carried out to test the sample throughput of these facilities and their staff. The main objective was to identify weaknesses and problem areas in the whole process from the moment of obtaining the samples to logging the results into the central RMN database. The long-term aim of these exercises is to optimize emergency response procedures. The most important factor limiting laboratory capacity is the lack of qualified personnel. The exercises showed that in the current state, these laboratories would be able to operate in 12-hour shifts for 14 days and analyze 1700 samples per day. Emergency exercises have highlighted the fact that this type of exercise should be repeated periodically in order to monitor the performance and analytical capabilities of RMN.

scholarly journals COVID-19: well-known drugs, new opportunities

2020 ◽  
pp. 170-180
Author(s):  
A.Kh. Ashirmetov ◽  
◽  
I.R. Mavlyanov ◽  
Z.I. Mavlyanov ◽  
G.Zh. Zharylkasynova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Management Procedures ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Treatment Procedures ◽  
Based Medicine

Up to now, coronavirus infection that causes an acute respiratory syndrome has been detected almost in all countries worldwide. Global spread of SARS-CoV-2 virus has become a world pandemic and there is no efficient and commonly accepted conventional therapy against COVID-19. Due to the existing emergency most drugs that can potentially be used to treat COVID-19 are allowed to be applied only basing on certain data probing their safety and efficiency against SARS-CoV. At present only Lopinavir/Ritonavir and Remdesivir are the only anti-virus drugs that are included into well-recognized management procedures for COVID-19 treatment; an acceptable alternative could probably be combined therapy that includes Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin. Given the existing situation, a lot of drugs that are usually used to treat other diseases are now being suggested as probable ways to treat COVID-19 taking into account all the available knowledge on pathophysiology of the infection. In this review, basing on available data on how SARA-CoV-2 virus enters a cell and pathophysiological aspects of cytokine storm development, we have strived to highlight certain prospects related to applying anti-viral medications, anti-inflammatory and immune-suppressing drugs, vitamins and microelements that are widely used to treat and prevent various diseases. Most tested drugs as well as zinc preparations, and vitamins С and D3 turned out to have not only immune-modulating but also anti-inflammatory properties; or either they were able to block ways for the virus to enter a cell or disrupt SARS-CoV-2 intracellular replication. Having leant from previous experience in fighting against SARS and MERS, doctors have applied some existing drugs to treat COVID-19 infections in their clinical practices; clinical tests aimed at confirming their safety and efficiency in treating COVID-19 are still being performed at the moment. Although a lot of various treatment procedures have been suggested, it is necessary to perform specifically planned randomized clinical trials based on evidence-based medicine principles, if we want to determine the most suitable ones.

scholarly journals Systemic changes caused by artificial insemination in beef cows (Bos indicus) and their impact on animal welfare

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. e183731
Author(s):  
Bruna Marcele Martins de Oliveira ◽  
Rubens Paes de Arruda ◽  
Milton Maturana Filho ◽  
Eduardo Harry Birgel Júnior ◽  
Daniela Becker Birgel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Management Procedures ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
The Moment

This study aimed to verify if the process of artificial insemination (AI) characterized here as animal immobilization, the passage of the semen applicator through the cervix, and deposition of the semen in the uterus, affected cows’ welfare. For this, 18 beef calved cows were selected and divided into two groups: inseminated cows (AIG, n = 9), and not inseminated cows, the control group (CG, n = 9). Body condition score, uterus, and ovary evaluation were performed. Later, both groups were submitted into an estrus synchronization protocol and only the AIG group was inseminated. Blood components of urea, creatinine, AST, GGT, CK, glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, HDL, LDL, VLDL, NEFA, BHB, cortisol, estradiol, progesterone, albumin, and total protein were measured 30 h before AI, and 4, 24, 48 and 168 h after AI. Statistical differences were considered when P <0.05. No differences between AIG and CG were observed. On the other hand, when the moment of insemination was evaluated, differences were observed for urea, creatinine, AST, GGT, CK, glucose, triglycerides, NEFA, BHB, albumin, and total protein. There was an oscillation of metabolic profiles depending on the time and procedures to which animals were exposed, even though it could be inferred that the AI process was incapable of altering those metabolic components on animals that were inseminated. Still, we can affirm that artificial insemination cannot be categorized as a negative reproduction tool on animal welfare. However, the containment and management procedures for AI may alter the metabolic profile of cows, especially the increase of CK.

scholarly journals COVID-19: well-known drugs, new opportunities

2020 ◽  
pp. 170-180
Author(s):  
A.Kh. Ashirmetov ◽  
◽  
I.R. Mavlyanov ◽  
Z.I. Mavlyanov ◽  
G.Zh. Zharylkasynova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Management Procedures ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Treatment Procedures ◽  
Based Medicine

Up to now, coronavirus infection that causes an acute respiratory syndrome has been detected almost in all countries worldwide. Global spread of SARS-CoV-2 virus has become a world pandemic and there is no efficient and commonly accepted conventional therapy against COVID-19. Due to the existing emergency most drugs that can potentially be used to treat COVID-19 are allowed to be applied only basing on certain data probing their safety and efficiency against SARS-CoV. At present only Lopinavir/Ritonavir and Remdesivir are the only anti-virus drugs that are included into well-recognized management procedures for COVID-19 treatment; an acceptable alternative could probably be combined therapy that includes Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin. Given the existing situation, a lot of drugs that are usually used to treat other diseases are now being suggested as probable ways to treat COVID-19 taking into account all the available knowledge on pathophysiology of the infection. In this review, basing on available data on how SARA-CoV-2 virus enters a cell and pathophysiological aspects of cytokine storm development, we have strived to highlight certain prospects related to applying anti-viral medications, anti-inflammatory and immune-suppressing drugs, vitamins and microelements that are widely used to treat and prevent various diseases. Most tested drugs as well as zinc preparations, and vitamins С and D3 turned out to have not only immune-modulating but also anti-inflammatory properties; or either they were able to block ways for the virus to enter a cell or disrupt SARS-CoV-2 intracellular replication. Having leant from previous experience in fighting against SARS and MERS, doctors have applied some existing drugs to treat COVID-19 infections in their clinical practices; clinical tests aimed at confirming their safety and efficiency in treating COVID-19 are still being performed at the moment. Although a lot of various treatment procedures have been suggested, it is necessary to perform specifically planned randomized clinical trials based on evidence-based medicine principles, if we want to determine the most suitable ones.

The High Resolution Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 316-317
Author(s):  
A. V. Crewe
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Ultra High Vacuum ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
The Moment

The high resolution STEM is now a fact of life. I think that we have, in the last few years, demonstrated that this instrument is capable of the same resolving power as a CEM but is sufficiently different in its imaging characteristics to offer some real advantages.It seems possible to prove in a quite general way that only a field emission source can give adequate intensity for the highest resolution^ and at the moment this means operating at ultra high vacuum levels. Our experience, however, is that neither the source nor the vacuum are difficult to manage and indeed are simpler than many other systems and substantially trouble-free.

Pinocytotic-Like Forms of Mitochondria From Rat Anterior Pituitary

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 146-147
Author(s):  
Burton B. Silver
Keyword(s):  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Conformational Changes ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Dynamic State ◽  
Surrounding Cell ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Cell Medium ◽  
Sectioned Tissue ◽  
State Of Activity

Sectioned tissue rarely indicates evidence of what is probably a highly dynamic state of activity in mitochondria which have been reported to undergo a variety of movements such as streaming, divisions and coalescence. Recently, mitochondria from the rat anterior pituitary have been fixed in a variety of configurations which suggest that conformational changes were occurring at the moment of fixation. Pinocytotic-like vacuoles which may be taking in or expelling materials from the surrounding cell medium, appear to be forming in some of the mitochondria. In some cases, pores extend into the matrix of the mitochondria. In other forms, the remains of what seems to be pinched off vacuoles are evident in the mitochondrial interior. Dense materials, resembling secretory droplets, appear at the junction of the pores and the cytoplasm. The droplets are similar to the secretory materials commonly identified in electron micrographs of the anterior pituitary.

Advances in Stem Instrumentation for Biology

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 362-363
Author(s):  
J. S. Wall
Keyword(s):  
Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Carbon Films ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Material Deposition ◽  
Active User ◽  
Percent Improvement ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Film Substrate ◽  
High Level

The forte of the Scanning transmission Electron Microscope (STEM) is high resolution imaging with high contrast on thin specimens, as demonstrated by visualization of single heavy atoms. of equal importance for biology is the efficient utilization of all available signals, permitting low dose imaging of unstained single molecules such as DNA.Our work at Brookhaven has concentrated on: 1) design and construction of instruments optimized for a narrow range of biological applications and 2) use of such instruments in a very active user/collaborator program. Therefore our program is highly interactive with a strong emphasis on producing results which are interpretable with a high level of confidence.The major challenge we face at the moment is specimen preparation. The resolution of the STEM is better than 2.5 A, but measurements of resolution vs. dose level off at a resolution of 20 A at a dose of 10 el/A2 on a well-behaved biological specimen such as TMV (tobacco mosaic virus). To track down this problem we are examining all aspects of specimen preparation: purification of biological material, deposition on the thin film substrate, washing, fast freezing and freeze drying. As we attempt to improve our equipment/technique, we use image analysis of TMV internal controls included in all STEM samples as a monitor sensitive enough to detect even a few percent improvement. For delicate specimens, carbon films can be very harsh-leading to disruption of the sample. Therefore we are developing conducting polymer films as alternative substrates, as described elsewhere in these Proceedings. For specimen preparation studies, we have identified (from our user/collaborator program ) a variety of “canary” specimens, each uniquely sensitive to one particular aspect of sample preparation, so we can attempt to separate the variables involved.

Traumatic Brain Injury: A Trauma Surgeon's Perspective

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 82-89
Author(s):  
Oscar D. Guillamondegui
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Trauma Team ◽  
The United States ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Injured Brain ◽  
The Moment

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious epidemic in the United States. It affects patients of all ages, race, and socioeconomic status (SES). The current care of these patients typically manifests after sequelae have been identified after discharge from the hospital, long after the inciting event. The purpose of this article is to introduce the concept of identification and management of the TBI patient from the moment of injury through long-term care as a multidisciplinary approach. By promoting an awareness of the issues that develop around the acutely injured brain and linking them to long-term outcomes, the trauma team can initiate care early to alter the effect on the patient, family, and community. Hopefully, by describing the care afforded at a trauma center and by a multidisciplinary team, we can bring a better understanding to the armamentarium of methods utilized to treat the difficult population of TBI patients.

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