scholarly journals Effects of biodiesel made from swine and chicken fat residues on carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen oxide emissions

2017 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 754-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivian Feddern ◽  
Anildo Cunha Junior ◽  
Marina C. De Prá ◽  
Marcio L. Busi da Silva ◽  
Rodrigo da S. Nicoloso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide Emissions ◽  
Chicken Fat

Gasoline engine performance simulation of water injection and low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation using tabulated chemistry

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 1857-1877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Franken ◽  
Fabian Mauss ◽  
Lars Seidel ◽  
Maike Sophie Gern ◽  
Malte Kauf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Exhaust Gas Recirculation ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide Emissions ◽  
Direct Water Injection ◽  
Tabulated Chemistry ◽  
Gas Recirculation

This work presents the assessment of direct water injection in spark-ignition engines using single cylinder experiments and tabulated chemistry-based simulations. In addition, direct water injection is compared with cooled low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation at full load operation. The analysis of the two knock suppressing and exhaust gas cooling methods is performed using the quasi-dimensional stochastic reactor model with a novel dual fuel tabulated chemistry model. To evaluate the characteristics of the autoignition in the end gas, the detonation diagram developed by Bradley and co-workers is applied. The single cylinder experiments with direct water injection outline the decreasing carbon monoxide emissions with increasing water content, while the nitrogen oxide emissions indicate only a minor decrease. The simulation results show that the engine can be operated at λ = 1 at full load using water–fuel ratios of up to 60% or cooled low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation rates of up to 30%. Both technologies enable the reduction of the knock probability and the decrease in the catalyst inlet temperature to protect the aftertreatment system components. The strongest exhaust temperature reduction is found with cooled low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation. With stoichiometric air–fuel ratio and water injection, the indicated efficiency is improved to 40% and the carbon monoxide emissions are reduced. The nitrogen oxide concentrations are increased compared to the fuel-rich base operating conditions and the nitrogen oxide emissions decrease with higher water content. With stoichiometric air–fuel ratio and exhaust gas recirculation, the indicated efficiency is improved to 43% and the carbon monoxide emissions are decreased. Increasing the exhaust gas recirculation rate to 30% drops the nitrogen oxide emissions below the concentrations of the fuel-rich base operating conditions.

Experimental Investigation of Performance and Emission Parameters Changes on Diesel Engines Using Anisole Additive

2014 ◽  
Vol 490-491 ◽  
pp. 987-991
Author(s):  
Mustafa Kaan Baltacioğlu ◽  
Kadi̇r Aydin ◽  
Ergül Yaşar ◽  
Hüseyi̇n Turan Arat ◽  
Çağlar Conker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Performance And Emission

In this study, effect of anisole additive into the diesel fuel on performance and emission parameters of diesel engines was investigated. Instead of structural changes which are more difficult and expensive, development of fuel technologies is preferred to provide reduction on exhaust gas emissions which are harmful to environment and human health. Therefore, in this experimental study, anisole was used as additive into diesel fuel with the volumetric ratio of 1,5%, 3% and 5%. The performance characteristics and exhaust emissions of a four cylinder, four stroke, naturally aspirated, water cooled, direct injection compression ignition engine fueled with modified fuels were analyzed. Engine was subjected constant speed, full load conditions during tests. Engine power, torque, specific fuel consumption, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide and carbon dioxide emissions were measured and results were evaluated. Changes in performance parameters were negligible for all ratios of modified fuels except specific fuel consumption. Finally, while carbon monoxide gas emissions were increased with anisole additive, carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxide gas emissions were decreased.

Effect of the addition of ethanol on the combustion and emission characteristics of a common-rail dimethyl ether engine

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (11) ◽  
pp. 1500-1510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunhai Wang ◽  
Pengfei Li ◽  
Xinqi Qiao ◽  
Zhen Huang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide ◽  
Dimethyl Ether ◽  
Ignition Delay ◽  
Hydrocarbon Emissions ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide Emissions ◽  
Start Of Injection ◽  
Combustion Duration ◽  
Crank Angle

The effect of the addition of ethanol on the combustion and emission characteristics of dimethyl ether combustion were investigated in this study using an electronically controlled common-rail dimethyl ether engine. The ignition delay, the crank angle for 50% mass fraction burned, the combustion duration, the nitrogen oxide emissions, the hydrocarbon emissions and the carbon monoxide emissions of the fuel blends with the addition of different percentages of ethanol were analysed for different loads and for different injection timings separately. The results suggest that the effect of ethanol on the dimethyl ether combustion mainly prolongs the ignition delay and inhibits the combustion rate. The ignition delay is prolonged significantly with increasing percentage of ethanol added for low loads or retarded injection timings. A reduction in the combustion rate and an increase in the combustion duration are associated with a higher percentage of ethanol added for high loads or advanced injection timings, leading to lower nitrogen oxide emissions. On the addition of 15% ethanol, the nitrogen oxide emissions are reduced by about 17% for a brake mean effective pressure of 1.2 MPa, and by 32% when the start of injection is at −7° crank angle after top dead centre. Premixed combustion with a sharply prolonged ignition delay and a shortened combustion duration can be achieved by the addition of 15% ethanol when the start of injection is at 5° crank angle after top dead centre. The carbon monoxide emissions show a tendency to increase with increasing amount of ethanol added, whereas the hydrocarbon emissions remain nearly the same until the percentage of ethanol reaches 15%.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE RESEARCH INTO MULTICOMPONENT CAMELINA SATIVA AND RAPESEED METHYL ESTER BIOFUELS / DAUGIAKOMPONENČIŲ CAMELINA SATIVA IR RAPSO METILESTERIO BIODEGALŲ PALYGINAMIEJI TYRIMAI

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justas Žaglinskis ◽  
Paulius Rapalis ◽  
Vygintas Daukšys
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Comparative Research ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Camelina Sativa ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide Emissions ◽  
Effective Performance ◽  
Rapeseed Methyl Ester

The article presents the results of comparative motor research on FAME biofuels using diesel engine VALMET 320 DMG. Energy (ηe, be) and environmental parameters (CO2, CO, NOx, HC, SM) of the engine were estimated. The obtained data on motor research into new biofuels show that the properties of Camelina sativa biofuels are as good as those observed in standardized rapeseed methyl ester biofuels. In case of using Camelina sativa biofuels blends VME and ZME at different engine loads, exhaust emissions from gas smoke could be reduced up to 10% and 30% accordingly comparing with mineral diesel. When the engine is fueled with tested biofuel blends, carbon monoxide emissions decrease by about 5–6%, and the factor for effective performance increases by approximately 4%. In all range of engine loads, an increase in nitrogen oxide emissions reaching 2–3% was observed. In all cases of using biofuel blends, carbon dioxide emissions keep close to the application of mineral diesel. Santrauka Straipsnyje pateikiami RRME biodegalų palyginamųjų motorinių bandymų, kurie buvo atlikti dyzeliniame variklyje VALMET 320 DMG, rezultatai. Įvertinti variklio energetiniai (ηe, be) ir ekologiniai rodikliai (CO2, CO, NOX, HC, SM). Atliktų naujų biodegalų motoriniai tyrimų rezultatai rodo, kad naujų Camelina sativa biodegalų savybės nenusileidžia standartizuotiems rapso metilesterio biodegalų savybėms. Lyginant su mineraliniu dyzelinu, naudojant Camelina sativa biodegalų mišinius VME ir ZME, skirtingais variklio apkrovos režimais galima sumažinti išmetamųjų dujų dūmingumą atitinkamai iki 10 % ir 30 %. Varikliui dirbant bandomaisiais biodegalų mišiniais, buvo pasiektas 5–6 % anglies monoksido emisijos sumažėjimas ir 4 % naudingo veikimo koeficiento padidėjimas. Visame variklio apkrovos diapazone stebimas 2–3 % azoto oksidų emisijos padidėjimas. Anglies dioksido emisija visais biodegalų naudojimo atvejais išlieka artima mineralinio dyzelino naudojimui.

scholarly journals The Effect of Fuel Quality on Carbon Dioxide and Nitrogen Oxide Emissions, While Burning Biomass and RDF

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
J. Kalnacs ◽  
R. Bendere ◽  
A. Murasovs ◽  
D. Arina ◽  
A. Antipovs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Fuel Quality ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide Emissions ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Refuse Derived Fuel ◽  
Mutual Relations ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Content

Abstract The article analyses the variations in carbon dioxide emission factor depending on parameters characterising biomass and RDF (refuse-derived fuel). The influence of moisture, ash content, heat of combustion, carbon and nitrogen content on the amount of emission factors has been reviewed, by determining their average values. The options for the improvement of the fuel to result in reduced emissions of carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxide have been analysed. Systematic measurements of biomass parameters have been performed, by determining their average values, seasonal limits of variations in these parameters and their mutual relations. Typical average values of RDF parameters and limits of variations have been determined.

Influence of solid fuel on the carbon-monoxide and nitrogen-oxide emissions on sintering

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 686-689
Author(s):  
M. F. Vitushchenko ◽  
N. L. Tatarkin ◽  
A. I. Kuznetsov ◽  
A. E. Vilkov
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide ◽  
Solid Fuel ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide Emissions

Experimental investigation of the combustion characteristics and the emission characteristics of biogas–diesel dual fuel in a common-rail diesel engine

2017 ◽  
Vol 231 (14) ◽  
pp. 1900-1912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Qian ◽  
Yahui Zhang ◽  
Xiaole Wang ◽  
Xingcai Lu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Exhaust Gas Recirculation ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide Emissions ◽  
Gas Recirculation

An experimental study on biogas–diesel dual-fuel compression ignition was conducted in which biogas and diesel are used as the port-injected fuel and the directly injected fuel respectively. The effects of the total lower heating values QLHVs per cycle and the premixed ratio on the combustion characteristics and the emission characteristics are discussed in detail. The results show that, for constant QLHVs, the peak values of the heat release rate curves first decrease and then increase with increasing premixed ratio. Furthermore, the combustion phase is delayed. For a constant premixed ratio, with increasing QLHVs, the heat release rate curves change from a unimodal distribution to a bimodal distribution, and the ignition delay decreases constantly. With higher QLHVs, the nitrogen oxide emissions and the smoke emissions are relatively higher. In addition, the impacts of biogases with different components on the combustion and emissions were also researched. With increasing hydrogen, the combustion becomes increasingly concentrated, which leads to higher nitrogen oxide emissions. The proportion of carbon monoxide in the biogas has a great effect on the carbon monoxide emissions. Also, the influence of exhaust gas recirculation was also studied. With 60% exhaust gas recirculation, the nitrogen oxide emissions can be inhibited effectively.

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