Effect of leaf thinning on shoot growth and tuber yield of white Guinea yam

Yam (Dioscorea spp.) is a major food security crop for millions of resource-poor farmers, particularly in West Africa. Soil mineral deficiency is the main challenge in yam production, especially with the dwindling of fallow lands for the indigenous nutrient supply. Cultivars tolerant to available low soil nutrients and responsive to added nutrient supply are viable components of an integrated soil fertility management strategy for sustainable and productive yam farming systems in West Africa. This study’s objective was to identify white Guinea yam (D. rotundata) genotypes adapted to available low soil nutrients and responsive to externally added nutrient supply. Twenty advanced breeding lines and a local variety (Amula) were evaluated under contrasting soil fertility, low to expose the crop to available low soil nutrient supply and high to assess the crop response to added mineral fertilizer (NPK) input at Ibadan, Nigeria. The genotypes expressed differential yield response to low soil fertility (LF) stress and added fertilizer input. Soil fertility susceptibility index (SFSI) ranged from 0.64 to 1.34 for tuber yield and 0.60 to 1.30 for shoot dry weight. The genotypes R034, R041, R050, R052, R060, R100, and R125 combined lower SFSI with a low rate of reduction in tuber yield were identified as tolerant to LF stress related to the soil mineral deficiency. Likewise, the genotypes R109, R119, and R131 showed high susceptibility to soil fertility level and/or fertilizer response. Genotypes R025 and R034 had the tuber yielding potential twice of that the local variety under low soil nutrient conditions. Shoot dry weight and tuber yield showed a positive correlation both under low and high soil fertility conditions (r = 0.69 and 0.75, respectively), indicating the vigor biomass may be a morphological marker for selecting genotypes of white Guinea yam for higher tuber yield. Our results highlight genotypic variation in the tolerance to low soil nutrients and mineral fertilizer response in white Guinea yam to exploit through breeding and genetic studies to develop improved genotypes for low and high input production systems in West Africa.

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Identification of Quantitative Trait Nucleotides and Candidate Genes for Tuber Yield and Mosaic Virus Tolerance in an Elite Population of White Guinea Yam (Dioscorea Rotundata) Using Genome-Wide Association Scan

10.21203/rs.3.rs-612999/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Paterne AGRE ◽

Prince E. Norman ◽

Robert Asiedu ◽

Asrat Asfaw

Keyword(s):

Mosaic Virus ◽

Candidate Genes ◽

Quantitative Trait ◽

Tuber Yield ◽

Genome Wide Association ◽

Dioscorea Rotundata ◽

Genome Wide ◽

Severity Scores ◽

Virus Tolerance ◽

Guinea Yam

Abstract Background Improvement of tuber yield and tolerance to viruses are priority objectives in white Guinea yam breeding programs. However, phenotypic selection for these traits is quite challenging due to phenotypic plasticity and cumbersome screening of phenotypic-induced variations. This study assessed quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) and the underlying candidate genes related to tuber yield per plant (TYP) and yam mosaic virus (YMV) tolerance in a panel of 406 white Guinea yam (Dioscorea rotundata) breeding lines using a genome-wide association study (GWAS). Results Population structure analysis using 5,581 SNPs differentiated the 406 genotypes into four distinct sub-groups (K = 4). Marker-trait association (MTA) analysis using the generalized linear model identified ten QTN regions significant for TYP and five for YMV. We identified variants responsible for predicting higher yield and low virus severity scores in the breeding panel through the marker-effect prediction. Gene annotation for the significant SNP loci identified several essential putative genes associated with the growth and development of tuber yield and those that code for tolerance to mosaic virus. Conclusion Our results provide valuable insight for marker validation and deployment for tuber yield and mosaic virus tolerance in white yam breeding. The information on SNP variants and genes from the present study would fast-track the application of genomics-informed selection decisions in breeding white Guinea yam for rapid introgression of the targeted traits.

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Shoot growth, tuber yield and quality of two potato cultivars as affected by prohexadione-calcium application

Revista CERES ◽

10.1590/0034-737x202168050006 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 68 (5) ◽

pp. 411-419

Author(s):

Luan Santos de Oliveira ◽

Adalton Mazetti Fernandes ◽

Rogério Peres Soratto ◽

Daniela Han ◽

Rudieli Machado da Silva

Keyword(s):

Shoot Growth ◽

Tuber Yield ◽

Potato Cultivars ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Prohexadione Calcium

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SHORT COMMUNICATIONEffects of Etiolated Slip Management on the Establishment, Fresh Tuber Yield and Yield-Related Attributes of White Guinea Yam, Dioscorea Rotundata Poir.

Discovery and Innovation ◽

10.4314/dai.v12i3.15577 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

Author(s):

C E Gyansa-Easmon

Keyword(s):

Short Communication ◽

Tuber Yield ◽

Dioscorea Rotundata ◽

Guinea Yam

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Response of potato grown under non-inductive condition paclobutrazol: shoot growth, chlorophyll content, net photosynthesis, assimilate partitioning, tuber yield, quality, and dormancy

Plant Growth Regulation ◽

10.1023/b:grow.0000045992.98746.8d ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 43 (3) ◽

pp. 227-236 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

T. Tekalign ◽

P.S. Hammes

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Shoot Growth ◽

Tuber Yield ◽

Net Photosynthesis ◽

Assimilate Partitioning ◽

Yield Quality

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Comparative Effect of Poultry and Swine Manures on the Performance of White Guinea Yam (Dioscorea rotundata Poir) in an Ultisols Environment

Notulae Scientia Biologicae ◽

10.15835/nsb10410393 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 516-521

Author(s):

Nwabueze C. NWAOGUALA ◽

Kolawole E. LAW-OGBOMO

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area Index ◽

Tuber Yield ◽

Poultry Manure ◽

Application Rate ◽

Tuber Weight ◽

Dioscorea Rotundata ◽

Area Index ◽

Application Rates ◽

Guinea Yam ◽

Better Than

White Guinea yam (Dioscorea rotundata Poir) is an important staple food in a number of African countries, including Nigeria and Ghana. However, the tuber yield in these areas is below its potential yield. The most probably constraint to low tuber yield is the low soil nutrient status. A field trial was conducted at the Experimental Farm of the Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria, between April and November 2016 and 2017, to evaluate the effect of poultry and swine manures on the growth and tuber yield of white Guinea yam (D. rotundata) in an ultisols environment. The trial was laid out in a 2 × 3 split plot arrangement fitted into randomized complete block design with three replicates. The main plots were organic fertilizers (poultry and swine manures) and the sub-plots were represented by three rates (0, 300 and 450 kg N ha-1) of application. Data collection on growth characters were on vine length (cm), vine girth (cm), number of nodes, number of leaves and leaf area index. At harvest, tuber length (cm), tuber girth (cm), number of tubers per plant, tuber weight and tuber yield (t ha-1) were also evaluated. The results showed that growth and yield variables varied significantly (p < 0.05) with organic fertilizer types and application rates. Poultry manure treated plants produced higher (p < 0.05) number of nodes and leaves than swine manure treated plants. Application rates of 300 and 450 kg N ha-1 of poultry manure significantly increased vine length, vine girth, number of nodes and leaves as well as leaf area index. Tuber weight and yield were higher in plants treated with poultry manure with the application rates of 300 and 450 kg N ha-1 performed better than control in 2016, while the application rate of 300 kg N ha-1 had the highest tuber weight and yield in 2017. Application rates of 300 and 450 kg N ha-1 performed better than the control (0 kg N ha-1) in 2016. However, in 2017, application rate of 300 kg Nha-1 had the highest tuber weight and yield. The present study suggests that poultry manure at application rate of 300 kg N ha-1 could be adopted by white Guinea yam farmers for high productivity of the crop under intense and continuous cropping in humid ultisols environment.

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Stabilising Urea Amine Nitrogen Increases Potato Tuber Yield by Increasing Chlorophyll Content, Reducing Shoot Growth Rate and Increasing Biomass Partitioning to Roots and Tubers

Potato Research ◽

10.1007/s11540-019-09436-x ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sally Wilkinson ◽

Anna Kate Weston ◽

David James Marks

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Potato Tuber ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Shoot Growth ◽

Tuber Yield ◽

Biomass Partitioning ◽

Amine Nitrogen ◽

Shoot Growth Rate

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Effects of Sett Size and Spacing on Tuber Yield of White Guinea Yam (Dioscorea rotundata) in the Rainforest and Savanna Zones of Nigeria

Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1017/s0014479700017580 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 53-57 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

G. O. Kayode

Keyword(s):

Tuber Yield ◽

Field Studies ◽

Dioscorea Rotundata ◽

Forest Zone ◽

Optimum Spacing ◽

Guinea Yam ◽

Savanna Zone

SUMMARYField studies designed to investigate the effects of sett size and spacing on tuber yield of white Guinea yam were conducted in three locations over a two year period in the rainforest and savanna zones of Nigeria. Sett weights larger than 400 g could be used for maximum tuber yields in both forest and savanna zones. Spacing had no significant effects on tuber yield in the savanna zone, but optimum spacing has yet to be identified in the forest zone.

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Identification of quantitative trait nucleotides and candidate genes for tuber yield and mosaic virus tolerance in an elite population of white guinea yam (Dioscorea rotundata) using genome-wide association scan

BMC Plant Biology ◽

10.1186/s12870-021-03314-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Paterne A. Agre ◽

Prince E. Norman ◽

Robert Asiedu ◽

Asrat Asfaw

Keyword(s):

Mosaic Virus ◽

Candidate Genes ◽

Quantitative Trait ◽

Tuber Yield ◽

Genome Wide Association ◽

Dioscorea Rotundata ◽

Genome Wide ◽

Severity Scores ◽

Virus Tolerance ◽

Guinea Yam

Abstract Background Improvement of tuber yield and tolerance to viruses are priority objectives in white Guinea yam breeding programs. However, phenotypic selection for these traits is quite challenging due to phenotypic plasticity and cumbersome screening of phenotypic-induced variations. This study assessed quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) and the underlying candidate genes related to tuber yield per plant (TYP) and yam mosaic virus (YMV) tolerance in a panel of 406 white Guinea yam (Dioscorea rotundata) breeding lines using a genome-wide association study (GWAS). Results Population structure analysis using 5,581 SNPs differentiated the 406 genotypes into seven distinct sub-groups based delta K. Marker-trait association (MTA) analysis using the multi-locus linear model (mrMLM) identified seventeen QTN regions significant for TYP and five for YMV with various effects. The seveteen QTNs were detected on nine chromosomes, while the five QTNs were identified on five chromosomes. We identified variants responsible for predicting higher yield and low virus severity scores in the breeding panel through the marker-effect prediction. Gene annotation for the significant SNP loci identified several essential putative genes associated with the growth and development of tuber yield and those that code for tolerance to mosaic virus. Conclusion Application of different multi-locus models of GWAS identified 22 QTNs. Our results provide valuable insight for marker validation and deployment for tuber yield and mosaic virus tolerance in white yam breeding. The information on SNP variants and genes from the present study would fast-track the application of genomics-informed selection decisions in breeding white Guinea yam for rapid introgression of the targeted traits through markers validation.

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