scholarly journals Mortality due to circulatory causes in hot and cold environments in Greece

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Lydia Tsoutsoubi ◽  
Leonidas G. Ioannou ◽  
Andreas D. Flouris
Keyword(s):  
Cold Environments

scholarly journals The Candidate Genes Underlying a Stably Expressed QTL for Low Temperature Germinability in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Rice ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tifeng Yang ◽  
Lian Zhou ◽  
Junliang Zhao ◽  
Jingfang Dong ◽  
Qing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Complex Traits ◽  
Molecular Breeding ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Sequence Comparisons ◽  
Cold Environments ◽  
Promising Source

Abstract Background Direct seeding is an efficient cultivation technique in rice. However, poor low temperature germinability (LTG) of modern rice cultivars limits its application. Identifying the genes associated with LTG and performing molecular breeding is the fundamental way to address this issue. However, few LTG QTLs have been fine mapped and cloned so far. Results In the present study, the LTG evaluation of 375 rice accessions selected from the Rice Diversity Panel 2 showed that there were large LTG variations within the population, and the LTG of Indica group was significantly higher than that of Japonica and Aus groups (p < 0.01). In total, eleven QTLs for LTG were identified through genome-wide association study (GWAS). Among them, qLTG_sRDP2–3/qLTG_JAP-3, qLTG_AUS-3 and qLTG_sRDP2–12 are first reported in the present study. The QTL on chromosome 10, qLTG_sRDP2–10a had the largest contribution to LTG variations in 375 rice accessions, and was further validated using single segment substitution line (SSSL). The presence of qLTG_sRDP2–10a could result in 59.8% increase in LTG under 15 °C low temperature. The expression analysis of the genes within qLTG_sRDP2–10a region indicated that LOC_Os10g22520 and LOC_Os10g22484 exhibited differential expression between the high and low LTG lines. Further sequence comparisons revealed that there were insertion and deletion sequence differences in the promoter and intron region of LOC_Os10g22520, and an about 6 kb variation at the 3′ end of LOC_Os10g22484 between the high and low LTG lines, suggesting that the sequence variations of the two genes could be the cause for their differential expression in high and low LTG lines. Conclusion Among the 11 QTLs identified in this study, qLTG_sRDP2–10a could also be detected in other three studies using different germplasm under different cold environments. Its large effect and stable expression make qLTG_sRDP2–10a particularly valuable in rice breeding. The two genes, LOC_Os10g22484 and LOC_Os10g22520, were considered as the candidate genes underlying qLTG_sRDP2–10a. Our results suggest that integrating GWAS and SSSL can facilitate identification of QTL for complex traits in rice. The identification of qLTG_sRDP2–10a and its candidate genes provide a promising source for gene cloning of LTG and molecular breeding for LTG in rice.

scholarly journals Human performance research for military operations in extreme cold environments

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Sullivan-Kwantes ◽  
Francois Haman ◽  
Boris R.M. Kingma ◽  
Svein Martini ◽  
Emilie Gautier-Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Performance ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Cold Environments ◽  
Extreme Cold ◽  
Performance Research

scholarly journals Functional prediction of environmental variables using metabolic networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adèle Weber Zendrera ◽  
Nataliya Sokolovska ◽  
Hédi A. Soula
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Growth Temperature ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Metabolic Networks ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Underlying Structure ◽  
Glutathione Biosynthesis ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Cold Environments ◽  
Novel Approach

AbstractIn this manuscript, we propose a novel approach to assess relationships between environment and metabolic networks. We used a comprehensive dataset of more than 5000 prokaryotic species from which we derived the metabolic networks. We compute the scope from the reconstructed graphs, which is the set of all metabolites and reactions that can potentially be synthesized when provided with external metabolites. We show using machine learning techniques that the scope is an excellent predictor of taxonomic and environmental variables, namely growth temperature, oxygen tolerance, and habitat. In the literature, metabolites and pathways are rarely used to discriminate species. We make use of the scope underlying structure—metabolites and pathways—to construct the predictive models, giving additional information on the important metabolic pathways needed to discriminate the species, which is often absent in other metabolic network properties. For example, in the particular case of growth temperature, glutathione biosynthesis pathways are specific to species growing in cold environments, whereas tungsten metabolism is specific to species in warm environments, as was hinted in current literature. From a machine learning perspective, the scope is able to reduce the dimension of our data, and can thus be considered as an interpretable graph embedding.

Ice-active substances associated with Antarctic freshwater and terrestrial photosynthetic organisms

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 418-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Raymond ◽  
Christian H. Fritsen
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
North America ◽  
Ice Crystals ◽  
Dry Valleys ◽  
Cyanobacterial Mats ◽  
Cold Environments ◽  
Photosynthetic Organisms ◽  
Eukaryotic Algae ◽  
Dialysis Membranes ◽  
Active Substances

Macromolecular substances that cause pitting and other modifications of growing ice crystals were found to be associated with cyanobacterial mats, eukaryotic algae and mosses from Ross Island and the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica. Ice-pitting activities were largely retained by dialysis membranes with molecular weight cut-offs of up to 300 kDa. Unlike most aqueous solutes, the ice-active molecules were not excluded from the ice phase during freezing. The ice-pitting activities of each of the samples tested was destroyed by exposure to temperatures between 45 and 65°C, suggesting that they have a protein component. Ice-active substances were not found in cyanobacteria or mosses from temperate climates, but ice-activity was found to be associated with mosses from cold habitats in North America. Although the function of the ice-active substances is not known, their apparent confinement to cold environments suggests that they have a cryoprotective role.

Perceptual response and cognitive performance during exposure to extremely cold environments

2021 ◽  
pp. 111358
Author(s):  
Jiansong Wu ◽  
Lin Yang ◽  
Zhuqiang Hu ◽  
Fei Gao ◽  
Xiaofeng Hu
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Perceptual Response ◽  
Cold Environments

scholarly journals Habituation of thermal sensations, skin temperatures, and norepinephrine in men exposed to cold air

2001 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 1211-1218 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Leppäluoto ◽  
I. Korhonen ◽  
J. Hassi
Keyword(s):  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Cold Sensation ◽  
Total Proteins ◽  
Cold Air ◽  
Cold Environments ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Total Thyroxine ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
Skin Temperatures

We studied habituation processes by exposing six healthy men to cold air (2 h in a 10°C room) daily for 11 days. During the repeated cold exposures, the general cold sensations and those of hand and foot became habituated so that they were already significantly less intense after the first exposure and remained habituated to the end of the experiment. The decreases in skin temperatures and increases in systolic blood pressure became habituated after four to six exposures, but their habituations occurred only at a few time points during the 120-min cold exposure and vanished by the end of the exposures. Serum thyroid-stimulating hormone, total thyroxine and triiodothyronine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, cortisol, and total proteins were measured before and after the 120-min cold exposure on days 0, 5, and 10. The increase in norepinephrine response became reduced on days 5 and 10 and that of proteins on day 10, suggesting that the sympathetic nervous system became habituated and hemoconcentration became attenuated. Thus repeated cold-air exposures lead to habituations of cold sensation and norepinephrine response and to attenuation of hemoconcentration, which provide certain benefits to those humans who have to stay and work in cold environments.

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