scholarly journals The Autonomous Vehicle Revolution: Implications for Planning/The Driverless City?/Autonomous Vehicles – A Planner’s Response/Autonomous Vehicles: Opportunities, Challenges and the Need for Government Action/Three Signs Autonomous Vehicles Will Not Lead to Less Car Ownership and Less Car Use in Car Dependent Cities – A Case Study of Sydney, Australia/Planning for Autonomous Vehicles? Questions of Purpose, Place and Pace/Ensuring Good Governance: The Role of Planners in the Development of Autonomous Vehicles/Putting Technology in its Place

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 753-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Libby Porter ◽  
John Stone ◽  
Crystal Legacy ◽  
Carey Curtis ◽  
James Harris ◽  
...  
Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Shannon Said

It has taken many years for different styles of music to be utilised within Pentecostal churches as acceptable forms of worship. These shifts in musical sensibilities, which draw upon elements of pop, rock and hip hop, have allowed for a contemporisation of music that functions as worship within these settings, and although still debated within and across some denominations, there is a growing acceptance amongst Western churches of these styles. Whilst these developments have taken place over the past few decades, there is an ongoing resistance by Pentecostal churches to embrace Indigenous musical expressions of worship, which are usually treated as token recognitions of minority groups, and at worst, demonised as irredeemable musical forms. This article draws upon interview data with Christian-Māori leaders from New Zealand and focus group participants of a diaspora Māori church in southwest Sydney, Australia, who considered their views as Christian musicians and ministers. These perspectives seek to challenge the relationship between Indigenous and non-Indigenous relations within a church setting and create a more inclusive philosophy and practice towards being ‘one in Christ’ with the role of music as worship acting as a case study throughout. It also considers how Indigenous forms of worship impact cultural identity, where Christian worship drawing upon Māori language and music forms has led to deeper connections to congregants’ cultural backgrounds.


Author(s):  
Alexander Lawrie

Most states worldwide possess two or three levels of government, from national to provincial and localities. Subnational governing arrangements are emerging in response to widespread decentralization, globalization, and urbanization, with this level increasingly considered the ideal spatial scale for effectively harnessing governing capacity. Yet regional governing arrangements often lack the traditional statutory and administrative governing tools of the state. Instead, they tend to rely on voluntary co-ordination and co-operation. Emboldened with more traditional governing tools, provincial and local states can work against these networks to protect their own power. This case study of Sydney, Australia, examines the dimensions of hard and soft power in a regional governing network and the role of provincial and local actors in determining the prospects for regional governance. In the absence of state-like mechanisms of hard power, the soft power on which regional governing networks rely will likely remain inferior for the governing task.


2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 410 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Ojok ◽  
Benon C. Basheka

The general objective of the study was to examine effectiveness of the role of public sector monitoring and evaluation in promoting good governance in Uganda, with a focus on Ministry of Local Government. Specifically, the study sought to: examine out how effective role of M&E accountability, M&E Management Decision, M&E Organisational learning in promoting good governance and draw lessons from practice, and provide a recommendation to better inform the implementation strategy of M&E in the Ministry of Local Government. A case study design was used and both qualitative and quantitative data collection techniques were employed. The respondents comprised of staff of the Ministry of Local Government and Office of the Prime Minister. Quantitative data was analysed using correlation and percentages while qualitative data was analysed using content analysis. The study revealed that M&E accountability, M&E management decision and M&E organisation learning had significant role in promoting good governance in the Ministry of Local Government. It was therefore concluded that M&E enhanced accountability, management decision and organisation learning and promoted good governance. The study recommended that M&E should not only be tied to nominal compliance but should support evidence-based decision making. M&E should be properly institutionalised, funded and located so as to mediate policy process, planning and service delivery.


Author(s):  
Peter Clegg ◽  
Derek O’Brien

The Turks and Caicos Islands, a British Overseas Territory, has witnessed a decade of constitutional and political upheaval; the consequences of which are still being felt. The locally elected government took advantage of its relative constitutional freedom to abuse its position and brought governance in the territory to almost beyond breaking point. The investigations that followed shone a bright light on how the local government operated, the checks and balances that were (or were not) in place, and the role of the British government, which is meant to uphold good governance in the territories. The chapter provides a detailed assessment of the constitutional, legal, and political issues and arguments that were used as the British government tried to correct the deep-seated structural weaknesses present in the TCI, and prosecute individual cases of venality that were uncovered. This case study is important in highlighting how tenuous constitutionality, democracy, and legality can be in small territories.


2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Gao ◽  
Peter Newman

Peak car has happened in most developed cities, but for the 1.5 °C agenda the world also needs emerging cities to go through this transition. Data on Beijing shows that it has reached peak car over the past decade. Evidence is provided for peak car in Beijing from traffic supply (freeway length per capita and parking bays per private car) and traffic demand (private car ownership, automobile modal split, and Vehicle Kilometres Travelled per capita). Most importantly the data show Beijing has reduced car use absolutely whilst its GDP has continued to grow. Significant growth in electric vehicles and bikes is also happening. Beijing’s transition is explained in terms of changing government policies and emerging cultural trends, with a focus on urban fabrics theory. The implications for other emerging cities are developed out of this case study. Beijing’s on-going issues with the car and oil will remain a challenge but the first important transition is well underway.


Author(s):  
Wilson O. Achicanoy M. ◽  
Carlos F. Rodriguez H.

Uncertainty fusion techniques based on Kalman filtering are commonly used to provide a better estimation of the state of a system. A comparison between three different methods to combine the sensor information in order to improve the estimation of the pose of an autonomous vehicle is presented. Two sensors and their uncertainty models are used to measure the observables states of a process: a Global Positioning System (GPS) and an accelerometer. Given that GPS has low sampling rate and the uncertainty of the position, calculated by double integration from the accelerometer signal, increases with time, first a resetting of the estimator based on accelerometer by the GPS measurement is done. Next, a second method makes the fusion of both sensor uncertainties to calculate the estimation. Finally, a double estimation is done, one for each sensor, and a estimated state is calculated joining the individual estimations. These methods are explained by a case study of a guided bomb.


Author(s):  
Xiaoquan Wang ◽  
Chunfu Shao ◽  
Chaoying Yin ◽  
Chengxiang Zhuge

Although the impacts of built environment on car ownership and use have been extensively studied, limited evidence has been offered for the role of spatial effects in influencing the interaction between built environment and travel behavior. Ignoring the spatial effects may lead to misunderstanding the role of the built environment and providing inconsistent transportation policies. In response to this, we try to employ a two-step modeling approach to investigate the impacts of built environment on car ownership and use by combining multilevel Bayesian model and conditional autocorrelation (CAR) model to control for spatial autocorrelation. In the two-step model, the predicting car ownership status in the first-step model is used as a mediating variable in the second-step car use model. Taking Changchun as a case study, this paper identifies the presence of spatial effects in influencing the effects of built environment on car ownership and use. Meanwhile, the direct and cascading effects of built environment on car ownership and use are revealed. The results show that the spatial autocorrelation exists in influencing the interaction between built environment and car dependency. The results suggest that it is necessary for urban planners to pay attention to the spatial effects and make targeted policy according to local land use characteristics.


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 5254
Author(s):  
Sascha von Behren ◽  
Lisa Bönisch ◽  
Ulrich Niklas ◽  
Bastian Chlond

Car use in modern cities with a well-developed public transit is more sophisticated to explain only through hard factors such as sociodemographic characteristics. In cities, it is especially important to consider motives for car use. Therefore, we examined two modern cities with a high modal share of non-motorized modes and public transit to answer the question: How do the affective and instrumental motives influence car use in such cities? The used data set was collected in Berlin and San Francisco. To investigate the role of motives, we applied an ordered hybrid choice model (OHCM) with a probit kernel. Based on the OHCM we explained more than 14% of the overall heterogeneity and gave further insights to the decision-making process. The affective motive had a strong influence on car use frequency, whereby the instrumental aspects did not matter. Furthermore, an effect resulting from age could not be determined for the affective motives in these cities. Results suggest people are more likely to use cars for affective motives despite the city’s adversities. For these people it is difficult to achieve a shift to alternative means of transport. The only way to intervene here is through regulatory intervention.


Author(s):  
Corinne Mulley ◽  
Liang Ma ◽  
Geoffrey Clifton ◽  
Michael Tanner

Planning principles for public transport networks include simplicity, legibility, frequency, and spatial coverage. These principles are typically translated into a series of guidelines that set out the specific standards for network design within a jurisdiction. In practice, such guidelines usually concentrate on creating a bus network or on defining the role of buses within a multimodal network, as rail-based routes are regarded as fixed in location, and separate planning processes are typically used to design rail frequency and stopping patterns. The outcome of network planning gives rise to tradeoffs between the economic and institutional environments and is conditioned by historical legacy. Bus routes often continue because they have operated at that location. This paper offers a case study of Sydney, Australia, where network planning guidelines still place emphasis on equality of spatial coverage despite moving toward a more integrated approach to network planning. The paper asserts that guidelines focusing on equal spatial coverage may inadvertently promote inequity by not taking account of the difficulties (and therefore higher cost) of serving challenging topographical areas. The paper examines the equity impacts of implementing service planning guidelines on the basis of equal spatial coverage. Criteria relating to equity are established and then measured with the use of data on bus supply, journeys to work, and socioeconomics. The conclusions of the paper contribute to implementation of network planning, with many cities in Australia and elsewhere implementing similar guidelines to those in Sydney.


2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Osunyikanmi Pius Olakunle

<em>Issues relating to good governance and development have been pushed to the forefront of world affairs, largely because of the wave of the democracy movement now blowing soothingly across the whole length and breadth of the international community. Good governance and development are dividends of democracy that are of great interest to the democratic family. The paper attempts to critically examine the intimate relationship between good governance and development with particular reference to Nigeria as a case study. Abundant literature on the subject matter reveals that democracy and good governance provide an enabling environment for development to take place, and that the role of political leadership in realizing all of this is critical. It is recommended, among other things, that (1) the intellectual class should be involved in the country’s development plan; (2) there is the urgent need to create a virile but flexible work force that can initiate and execute development plans; and (3) efforts must be made to embark on capacity building of all the institutions of governance so that they can perform their roles optimally for the benefit of the country.</em>


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